Multi-Channel Multipoint Distribution Service (MMDS)

Multi-channel Multipoint
Distribution Service (MMDS)

MMDS
• MMDS also known wireless cable, is
another wireless broadband
technology.
• MMDS has been around since the
1970s and is a well tested wireless
technology, which has been used for
TV signal transmission for more than
30 years.
• MMDS operates in the SHF between 2.1 and
2.7 GHz.
• The MMDS originally consisted of 33 analog
video channels, which were 6 MHz wide.
• The evolution of video technology into digital
capacities enabled to convert 33 analog
channels into 99 digital, 10 Mbps data
streams, enabling full Ethernet connectivity.
• A service provider can have as much
as 1 Gbps of capacity at a single
transmitter, providing adequate
capacities for most applications.
• The capacity can be expanded by
sector cell concept.
• The transmitter power allowed to a
MMDS base station enables to service
an area of 50 km, but the subscriber
antennas should be in LOS.
• MMDS can also be used to support two
way services. It is an alternative for
broadband data service such as
internet access.
Key Elements
• The key elements of an MMDS system

consist of the following pieces.
– The Head−End.
– The Transmit Antenna.
– The Transmission Line.
– Channel Combiners.
Working of Wireless Cable
System
• The cable studio, along with the head−end, receives
programming from a variety of sources.
• Each source is assigned a channel number, processed
to improve quality, encoded, and then sent to a
transmitter.
• The signal is broadcast in the super−high−frequency
(SHF) range. Using an omni−directional transmit pattern,
the signal reaches subscribers located up to 50 KM from
the antenna, depending on the terrain and transmit
power.
• Wireless cable signals are received by the subscriber's
small rooftop antenna, decoded (pay TV), and
down−converted to standard TV channels on the
subscriber's TV set.
Broadband Service Delivery
• The wireless cable TV did not pick up due to
other competing technologies such as
broadcast TV, direct broadcast satellite
(DBS) and cable TV.
• in 1999, many service providers began to
use the MMDS frequencies for a viable
broadband service delivery option.
• The networks were upgraded with digital
compression capabilities and a return
channel to create interactive capability.
Internet Access
Data Security
• MMDS have adopted DOCSIS ( Data Over
Cable Service Interface Specification) from
the cable modem. The version for wireless
BB is DOCSIS+.
• Data transport Security is accomplished
under MMDS by encrypting traffic flow
between the BB wireless modem and the
WMTS (Wireless Modem Termination
System)
Data Security
• DOCSIS+ reduces theft of service vulnerabilities
under MMDS by enforcing encryption on MMDS
and employing authenticated client / server key
management protocol in which WMTS controls
the distribution of keying material to BB wireless
modems.
• MMDS wireless modems utilizes DOCSIS+ Key
Management control protocols to obtain
authorization and traffic encryption.
Data Over Cable System Interface Specification
(DOCSIS).
• DOCSIS defines all the protocols

necessary to transport data from a Cable
Modem Transmission System (CMTS) to
a Cable Modem (CM).
Upstream Communication
• The CM checks the downstream channels for a specific

packet periodically sent by the CMTS. The packet asks
any new CM to announce itself on a specific upstream
channel.
• The CMTS sends a packet to the CM, defining its
allocated downstream and upstream channels.
• The CM then starts a process, called ranging, which
determines the distance between the CM and CMTS.
This process is required for synchronization between all
CMs and CMTSs for the mini slots used for timesharing
of the upstream channels.
Upstream Communication
• The CM sends a packet to the ISP, asking for
the Internet address.
• The CM and CMTS then exchange some
packets to establish security parameters, which
are needed for a public network such as cable
TV.
• The CM sends its unique identifier to the CMTS.
• Upstream communication can start in the
allocated upstream channel. The CM can
contend for the mini slots to send data.
Downstream Communication
• In the downstream direction, the
communication is much simpler. There is
no contention because there is only one
sender.
• The CMTS sends the packet with the
address of the receiving CM, using the
allocated downstream channel.
advantages of using MMDS
• It has chunks of under-utilized spectrum that
will become increasingly valuable and
flexible.
• System implementation, which involves an
installed transmitter on a high tower and a
small receiving antenna on the customer's
balcony or roof, is quick and inexpensive.
• MMDS services have been around for 30
years, there is a wealth of experience
regarding the use and distribution of the
services.
Advantages
• MMDS uses lower frequency band and
therefore has larger cell size.
• Equipment at lower frequencies is less
expensive.
• MMDS signals don’t get blocked easily by
objects and are less susceptible to rain
absorption.
Disadvantage of MMDS
• The main disadvantage of MMDS as
compared to LMDS is less bandwidth. A
single channel can offer upstream transfer
rates of 27 Mbps with individual subscriber
rates of 300 Kbps to 3 Mbps.
• MMDS is likely to be used mainly by
residential users and small businesses.

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Multi-channel Multipoint

Distribution Service (MMDS)

• The key elements of an MMDS system

• DOCSIS defines all the protocols

• The CM checks the downstream channels for a specific

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