False Ceiling

INTEGRATED Presented by:

MARKET SURVEY Samriddhi ARC 046 Padmanabha ARC 033 Khushali ARC 020
Shashwat ARC 048 Shruti ARC 050 Vineetha ARC 030
AND THEORETICAL Rahul ARC 040 Sonali ARC 055
PRESENTATION Raunak ARC 041 Prajakta ARC 038
Pranita ARC 039 Shubham ARC 052
Table of Contents
1. Definition
2. History
3. Uses
4. Types
5. Materials
6. Costing
7. Method of Installation
8. Advantages
9. Disadvantages
 Definition
A false ceiling is a ceiling made beneath the main ceiling of the room or building. In other words, it is a
second layer of roof suspended from the main roof with the help of metal or wooden frame. It is also
known as dropped ceiling, T-bar ceiling, suspended ceiling or grid ceiling.
The gap between the actual ceiling and false ceiling was used to install lighting and air-conditioning vents.
But with time and design development, this type of ceiling has now become a part of households, too.
Commonly used in newly constructed homes, false ceilings are a way of adding sophistication to the
indoors.
History
Dropped ceilings and ceiling tiles were being used in Japan for aesthetic reasons as early as the
Muromachi Period (1337 to 1573). Blackfriars Theater in London, England, built in 1596, had
dropped ceilings to aid acoustics.
Parts
A false ceiling consists of largely three
parts:
1. Primary Members
2. Secondary Members
3. Main Ceiling Tiles
The primary and secondary members
support the structure. They consists of
main runners, secondary runners, soffit
cleats, perimeter sections and
suspension members or rods.
Market Samples
Types
Suspended ceilings are created using metal
grid systems, which are suspended below the
ceiling or roof deck using a series of wires.
The grid is then filled in with ceiling tiles,
which are primarily made from mineral fiber
blends. Depending up on the appearance and
visibility of the members false ceilings are
classified in to two types. They are :
1. Exposed Grid
2. Concealed grid
Exposed Grid
A system where the grid is visible and into which
panels are laid. The grid is finished in colors to
harmonize or contrast with the panels is known as
exposed grid type ceiling.
Exposed grid varieties are the most common type of
suspended ceiling.
They consist of long metal strips, called "mains," which
are interconnected with shorter metal pieces known as
"tees” Together, the mains and tees form a grid system
which are then filled with acoustical ceiling tiles.
Exposed grid suspended ceiling systems can contribute
to passive fire protection.
The system is rapid to install and can provide a high
degree of access to the ceiling void.
Concealed Grid
Concealed grid systems use the acoustical tiles to hide the grid system from view. This creates a
smooth, clean which is aesthetically pleasing. The tile used has a small groove built into it's
perimeter, which slides over the mains and tees to cover them. Various metal and a few kinds of
pop ceilings come under this category. This type is more expensive than an exposed system.
Open Cell System
Helps partially mask the plenum space
Easier to install
Variety of design options
Best suited for offices and workspaces
Bespoke Metal Ceiling
 Can also be used for external or semi-external
environments
 An insulated suspended metal ceiling can ensure
that U-Values are maintained while providing a
clean durable finish
Bespoke ceilings encompass a wide range of
design options and can include linear, radial,
vaulted and waveform ceilings.
 Materials
Metal False Ceiling: It is durable. It is available in different sizes and thickness. Installation is easy and consumes
less labor.
Wooden False Ceiling: It is light weight material, also has its own texture and pattern. It is commonly used.
Wooden blocks can be easily installed even with the help of nails and screws.
Fiber False Ceiling: It is a very good heat insulators as well as sound proofing material. It is available in various
shapes, sizes and patterns. It is cheap and quick in installation  

 
Materials
Glass False Ceiling: It is a non-crystalline material. Fiber glass is used. Glass is an insulator and also is a fire
retardant material.
Synthetic Leather False Ceiling: It is not extensively used but is very light weight and is quite new.
Pop False Ceiling: Plaster of Paris (POP) is commonly used for constructing false ceilings. It is an indirect form of
artificial light. It is functional.
Gypsum False Ceiling: It is lightweight, sound insulated, fire resistance, soft and thermally insulated.
Gypsum False Ceiling
Lightweight, flexible and fire and moisture
resistant, gypsum is most commonly used
for false ceiling. Gypsum board panels are
tough, versatile and economical, and are fast
replacing other ceiling materials such as POP.
Gypsum board can be used while
constructing false ceiling. as well as to
renovate old ceilings. The material is fire-
resistant, waterproof, as well as soundproof,
which is why it is the most preferred
material for false ceiling
 15 mm

12 mm

10 mm
Tiles are available in different width

• Width of Gypsum Tiles available in market range from 7mm to 9mm.

• Width of Fibre Tiles available in market range from 10mm to 50mm.
Plaster of Paris
Made of gypsum, POP ceilings can be
designed based on the choice of the
homeowner. Available in powdered form, the
paste is made to design the ceiling. The paste
made mixing the powder with water is
applied to chicken mesh for it stay afloat.
Use of a white powder (calcium
trioxocarbonate) for molding the ceiling into
any form and pattern is done.
Gives a smooth , uniform finish.
Mineral Fibre
Mineral Fibre Ceiling tiles adopt
granulated high-density Mineral Wool as
the main material and top production
technique which gives it superior
features of fire-proofing, sound
absorption, heat insulation & sag
resistance. They are cost effective and
are mainly used for acoustics and
decoration.
Wooden False Ceiling
It is used both for providing roofing and for
aesthetical purpose in a building.
It can be used both for domestic and commercial
purpose.
- Gives good aesthetics
- Economical
- Appealing
Glass False Ceiling
Usually transparent glass is not used as ceiling as
it contradicts the very idea of false ceiling- to
hide from viewer's eye .
Thus glass used in ceiling are treatment glass
such as frost glass, back painted , stained glass ,
mirror etc.
- It creates the illusion of depth.
- Resists moisture
- Easy to clean and maintain.
- They can be decorated with ink jet.
 Type Salient Features
Gypsum Ease of installation
Durability
Comparative Analysis
Economy
Fire resistance
Versatility
Sound Insolation

Plaster of Paris Heat Insulation

Acoustic Improvement
Light reflectiveness
Mineral Fiber Ideal for studio environment
Fire resistant
Thermal insulation
Wood Enhances aesthetics

Glass Heat Insulation

Improment in light
Improves aesthetics
Costing
FIXTURES:
- Channel (Rs.65) 8ft length
- Angle (Rs.25)
- Bottom Patti (Rs.65)
MATERIAL:
- POP Sheet: 3ft X 2ft (Rs.60/sheet)
- POP Powder: used for finishing.
(Rs.125/bag of weight 25 kg)
- Gypsum Board: 6ft X 4ft (Rs.450/sheet or
Rs.60/ square feet)
- Mineral Fiber Rs.75/ square feet
The above is inclusive of material, labour,
contractor fee and all other expenses.
Costing Tabulation
Material Cost
Gyproc Channels with higher gauge and Saint  Rs 70–80 sqft
Gobain board
Gyproc Channels with medium gauge and Saint Rs 60–65 sqft
Gobain board
Gyproc Channels with low gauge and Saint Rs 45–55
Gobain board
Tile ceiling( Armstrong or equivalent brand Rs 130 per sqft

Mineral Fiber Rs 75 per sqft

Acrylic sheet, MDF boards or glass cutting Rs. 250–300 per sqft

Channel (per 8 ft) Rs. 65

Angle (per 8 ft) Rs. 25
Bottom Patti (per 8 ft) Rs. 65
POP sheet Rs 60
POP powder Rs 125
Gypsum sheet ( 6 ft * 4 ft ) Rs 450
Method of Installation
Installation of POP False Ceiling:
- Fixing the framework directly to the slabs or the ceiling platter.
- Fixing the suspended framework to a plastered ceiling.
Metal Ceiling Panels:
- Suitable for large range of applications.
- They are ideal for concealed wiring.
- These metal ceiling panels are installed either on steel T-
sections or cross sections and then suspended by rods.
Installation of Gypsum Ceiling:
- Gypsum boards can be easily fixed either by nailing or placing
on a metal grid.
Advantages
It is very easy to install false ceiling.
It is aesthetically more appealing as it offers flexibility
in creating and dividing spaces and also allow to
experiment with shapes and sizes.
It provides thermal insulation by creating a gap
between the terrace and the ceiling and helps in
keeping the room much cooler.
It provides fire protection as its fireproof gypsum
products and system provides excellent fire protection
solution ranging from ½ hours to 4 hours taking care
in case of fire.
Saves electricity in many ways such as it reduces
space in ceiling and it helps in increasing air
conditioning performance.
Advantages
As the general material used for false ceiling that is gypsum board
is much more lighter in weight than masonry system it provides
faster and easy construction.
It provides sound insulation by installing a false ceiling all the
outside noise can be blocked.
It provides lots of choices and options in colour design and
shapes as false ceilings are available in market in huge varieties.
It is easy to resemble the panels of a false ceiling in case of repair
works.
It is much more economical to install  a false ceiling as in case of
damage it is very easy to replace.
It helps to improve/maintain the aesthetics of the room as it
hides the duct work, pipes and electrical wires giving the ceiling 
neat and clean look.
Disadvantages
 It can reduce the height of a room by some inches or feet as it is hung below the main ceiling.
 Requires more maintenance and does not have a long life.
 Sagging is possible in case of the false ceiling.
 It becomes difficult to repair a concealed electric wires, pipes and ducts etc.
 False ceilings are not as solid as the traditional ceilings, especially in case of natural calamities like
earthquakes they might turn out to be unstable.
Conclusions
As per the considerations of our studio, and the illumination and ventilation requirements the
most appropriate material to be used would be fibre.
The effective height of the studio shall not be reduced beyond suitable value, and provision can
be made for ducting, and hiding the wiring and true ceiling.
In addition to enhancing the aesthetics of the studio the presence of the false ceiling would
also enhance the learning experience by optimizing the light and comfort requirement, as the
chosen material would be reflective and sound insulating in nature.
Bibliography
https://www.armstrongceilings.com/commercial/en-us/
https://www.academia.edu/8116402/False_ceiling_and_types
https://www.archtoolbox.com/materials-systems/finishes/acousticceilingtiles.html

The Gypsum Construction Handbook (RSMeans)

Armstrong Ceiling Tiles Handbook