Condensate Cycle: Anshul Agarwal Engr (Opn)

CONDENSATE CYCLE
ANSHUL
AGARWAL
ENGR (OPN)
POWER PLANT CYCLE
The Working fluid is Water.
Working principle is based on the Modified Rankine
Cycle ( With Single Re- Heat )
The closed cycle consists of three intermediate cycles:
Condensate cycle
Feed Water Cycle
Steam Cycle
LTSH PSH FSH
DRUM
F
U HPT IPT LPT
R
N
A
C COND
E E
C R/H
O
CEP
HPH6 GSC
HPH 5 DEA LPH3 LPH2 LPH 1 D/C
BFP
CONDENSATE CYCLE
Sensible Heat addition to condensate

extracted from condenser by CEP
Starts from Condenser and ends at De-
Aerator COND
GSC, LPH 1,2,3 and Drain Cooler are the

heat exchangers CEP
Driving force is CEP GSC
DEA LPH3 LPH2 LPH 1 D/C

CONDENSER
Purpose:
Condense the steam leaving the turbine
Latent Heat of Condensation to be rejected.
Surface type, double pass with divided water box

construction
Soft Water from CW pump house is used as cooling

water to condense the steam
HOTWELL
Vessel where Condensate collects after condensation
CEP takes suction from Hotwell. So level Control is

very important.
Temperature of Condensate is generally just below

saturation temp of steam leaving the turbine.
( Condensate Depression)
Fresh DM water make up is added here

Best temperature matching occurs as temp of working fluid is
lowest here
Make up water can then pass through all the heaters
CONDENSATE EXTRACTION PUMP
( CEP)
PURPOSE:
•Extract condensate from the condenser ( hotwell)
and feed it into the cycle.
•It is the driving force of the condensate cycle up
to De- Aerator
Canister type vertical centrifugal pump with 5

stages
2 x100 % capability pumps are provided.

1 in service and other as standby
CONDENSATE EXTRACTION
PUMP ( CEP)
CEP CONNECTIONS
DOZING TANKS MAKE UP CST GLAND SEALING
TO LP BP SPRAY CEP R/C

GSC
CEP
GLAND STEAM CONDENSER (GSC)
PURPOSE:
•To quench the sealing steam coming out of last
gland seal of HPT, IPT AND LPT.
•Also works as a heat exchanger, adding sensible
heat to condensate.
Sealing steam after condensation forms drip

which goes to LP flash box.
LOW PRESSURE HEATERS
•A Feed water heater is a component used to pre-

heat water delivered to the boiler. Preheating the
feedwater reduces the amount of energy needed to
make steam and thus reduces plant operation costs.
This improves the thermodynamic efficiency of the
system.
CLASSIFICATION
PARALLEL FLOW
CROSS FLOW
COUNTER FLOW
HEAT EXHANGERS
In parallel-flow heat exchangers, the two T1 T2
fluids enter the exchanger at the same
end, and travel in parallel to one another T1
to the other side. T2
T2
In cross flow heat exchangers, heating
medium is perpendicular to the medium T1
T2
being heated T1
In counter-flow heat exchangers the T1 T2

fluids enter the exchanger from opposite
ends. The counter current design is most
efficient, in that it can transfer the most T1 T2
heat.
COLD MEDIUM HOT MEDIUM T2 > T1

SHELL AND TUBE HEAT EXCHANGER
Two fluids, of different starting

temperatures, flow through the
heat exchanger. One flows
through the tubes (the tube side)
and the other flows outside the
tubes but inside the shell (the
shell side). Heat is transferred
from one fluid to the other
through the tube walls, either
from tube side to shell side or
vice versa.. In order to transfer
heat efficiently, a large heat
transfer area should be used, so
there are many tubes. In this way,
waste heat can be put to use..
CONDENSER
• Converts last stage steam of LPT to water

EX-3 EX-2
LPT 3rd LPT 5TH LPT 7TH GLAND
STAGE STAGE STAGE STEAM
LPH3 LPH 2 LPH 1 D/C GSC FROM

TO
CEP
D/A
LP
FB
PURPOSE:
•Sensible Heat addition to Condensate
The condensate has higher density and hence is e

inside the tubes.
LPH 3, LPH 2, LPH 1, DC AND GSC are all shell

and tube type.
Each heater can be bypassed individually.
LPH 1 and D/C have a common by pass, as

heating source in DC is drip of LPH 1
All the drips ultimately collect in LP flash box,

from where it flows to hotwell.
DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS:
•Heat Load
•No of tubes
•Level of Drip
•TTD
•DCA
•Temperature rise
HEAT EXCHANGERS AT FULL LOAD
EXCHANGER SOURCE TEMP. OF SOURCE
GSC SEALING STEAM LEAK

FROM LAST GLAND
D/C DRIP OF LPH 1 60.3
LPH 1 LPT- 7TH STAGE 62
LPH2 LPT- 5TH STAGE ( EX 2) 107
LPH3 LPT- 3RD STAGE ( EX-3) 200

Condensate Cycle: Anshul Agarwal Engr (Opn)

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CONDENSATE CYCLE

The closed cycle consists of three intermediate cycles:

HPH 5 DEA LPH3 LPH2 LPH 1 D/C

Sensible Heat addition to condensate

GSC, LPH 1,2,3 and Drain Cooler are the

Driving force is CEP GSC

DEA LPH3 LPH2 LPH 1 D/C

Surface type, double pass with divided water box

Soft Water from CW pump house is used as cooling

Vessel where Condensate collects after condensation

CEP takes suction from Hotwell. So level Control is

Temperature of Condensate is generally just below

Fresh DM water make up is added here

Canister type vertical centrifugal pump with 5

2 x100 % capability pumps are provided.

DOZING TANKS MAKE UP CST GLAND SEALING

TO LP BP SPRAY CEP R/C

Sealing steam after condensation forms drip

•A Feed water heater is a component used to pre-

In counter-flow heat exchangers the T1 T2

COLD MEDIUM HOT MEDIUM T2 > T1

Two fluids, of different starting

• Converts last stage steam of LPT to water

LPH3 LPH 2 LPH 1 D/C GSC FROM

The condensate has higher density and hence is e

LPH 3, LPH 2, LPH 1, DC AND GSC are all shell

Each heater can be bypassed individually.

LPH 1 and D/C have a common by pass, as

All the drips ultimately collect in LP flash box,

EXCHANGER SOURCE TEMP. OF SOURCE

GSC SEALING STEAM LEAK

LPH 1 LPT- 7TH STAGE 62

LPH2 LPT- 5TH STAGE ( EX 2) 107

LPH3 LPT- 3RD STAGE ( EX-3) 200

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