Plant Crops

PLANT CROPS
Presentation by: MFI Polytechnic Institute Inc.

1
Prepare land for planting
Land preparation
The purpose of land preparation is to
provide the necessary soil conditions

which will enhance the successful
establishment of the seedlings received
from the nursery.
2
CRITICAL FACTORS TO
CONSIDER
1. Field selection
The area selected for the establishment of
the vegetable plantation can influence the
cost of land preparation to the extent that
it may not be viable to proceed with the
development at all.
3
CRITICAL FACTORS TO
CONSIDER
Availability of water
a)the sustainability of the water source,
b)the quantity of water available for

irrigation,
c)the distance to the field, and
d)the quality of the water.
4
CRITICAL FACTORS TO
CONSIDER
Soil depth
Soil depth influences drainage and
leaching possibilities. Any obstructive
layers must be evaluated to determine
whether they will influence root
development and whether they can be
corrected.
5
CRITICAL FACTORS TO
CONSIDER
Soil quality
When evaluating the soil quality, attention
must be given to:
a)the soil texture which will influence the
water retention capacity, and

b)the nutrient content to determine the
corrective measures necessary for soil

improvement
6
PLANTING SYSTEM
The selection of the planting system will depend on:
1.Varieties/species of fruit or plantation crops used
2.Whether or not to use filler
3.As well as kind of filler trees (papaya or banana)
4.Cropping system (mono-cropping or multiple
cropping)
5.Topography of the land
6.The degree of the farm mechanism
7.The preference of the grower

7
PLANTING SYSTEM
Square System
The planting system describes the
arrangement of trees in the orchard or
plantation. The proper arrangement of
the trees will help facilitate the different
operations such as weeding, fertilization,
spraying, etc., which are necessary for
the trees to successfully grow.
8
PLANTING SYSTEM
9
PLANTING SYSTEM
Quincunx or Diagonal System

Makes use of a square with an additional
(fifth) tree in the center

Maximum utilization of the areas during the
early growing and fruiting years

Large tree population can be planted
10
PLANTING SYSTEM
11
PLANTING SYSTEM
Hexagonal or Triangular System
All trees are equidistant with one another from every
direction. This arrangement results in greater number of

trees per unit area in the square system.
12
PLANTING SYSTEM
Contour-Terrace System
Slope or hilly land in which the threat of erosion is more
likely, plants are laid out on contour lines established
against the slope.
13
PLANTING DISTANCE
Planting distances of fruit trees is determined by the area
occupied by its canopy or the crown of the tree or imaginary
circular area created by the extent of the tip of the leaves.
Planting the fruit trees will depend on the following
conditions:
1.fertility and depth of the soil;
2.planting materials: seed or asexually propagated;
3.variety;
4.available moisture; and
5.whether the filler trees are to be used.
14
PLANTING DISTANCE
15
SOIL SAMPLING
Tools for soil sampling:

Shovel – for collecting soil samples
Plastic sheet – for mixing soil
Pail – for collection container
PPE
16
SOIL SAMPLING
PROCEDURE:
1.The whole area must be cleared to remove the
obstructions like weeds, twigs, stones and other
debris.
2.The whole area must be randomly sampled by
collecting soils.
3.At least 10 holes (at least 25 cm to 1 ft depth or
the root zone) must be collected using a clean
shovel.
17
SOIL SAMPLING
4. Soil collected from the holes must be placed
on a clean plastic pail.
5. After soil collection, all samples must be
mixed. Plastic sheet may be used as lining
when mixing to avoid contamination.
6. After thoroughly mixing the soil, a circle/pie
must be formed and divided into 8 slices.
Clean hands can be used for slicing.
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SOIL SAMPLING
7. The four (4) alternate slices must be removed.
8. The remaining soil will then be mixed again
thoroughly.
9. After mixing the soil, repeat steps 6-8 until
500 grams to 1 kg soil is left.
10. For soil laboratory analysis samples, it must be
air-dried and ensure that no contaminants
will be mixed with the soil while air-drying.
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SOIL SAMPLING
11. After air drying, the soil must be pulverize and
sieve.
12. Place the soil sample into the plastic container and
write a label.
13. The label must include the following:
Name:
Location:
Date collected:
Date submitted:
Address:
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PLANT CROPS

Presentation by: MFI Polytechnic Institute Inc.

provide the necessary soil conditions

b)the quantity of water available for

d)the quality of the water.

water retention capacity, and

corrective measures necessary for soil

2.Whether or not to use filler

3.As well as kind of filler trees (papaya or banana)

4.Cropping system (mono-cropping or multiple

6.The degree of the farm mechanism

7.The preference of the grower

Quincunx or Diagonal System

(fifth) tree in the center

early growing and fruiting years

direction. This arrangement results in greater number of

2.planting materials: seed or asexually propagated;

4.available moisture; and

5.whether the filler trees are to be used.

Tools for soil sampling:

Plastic sheet – for mixing soil

Pail – for collection container

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