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Towards Happiness

By – Prof. Malini Shah

What is Happiness:
 A positive well being state and set of mind (not circumstances)
 Innate healthy psychological functioning
o Enduring positive of mind or feeling characterized by contentment, love, satisfaction, pleasure or joy
o Genetic
o Subjective
o Innate healthy psychological functioning
Happiness Quotient:
 It is the scores or pointer which decides or declare that how much happy you are by giving the answers of some questions
(10)
 Following score define the level of happiness
o 10 & Below 10 : Need to look into
o 11-15 : Low
o 16-20 : Average
o 20-25 : High Average
o 26-30 : Good
Happiness & Personality:
 Type-A Vs Type-B: More competitive, has tendency to achieve something but Type-A has inert anger so create coronary
problems
 Type-D: Able to express anger, have sense of gratitude and able to spread the anger in constructive way to others
 Being Optimistic & Proactive
Difference between Feeling Good & Doing Good:
 Feeling Good: Refer to as “headonic” that leads one to search for more pleasure
 Doing Good: May pave the way for lasting happiness. It is associated with positive emotions like optimism, gratitude, hope,
spirituality and love
Building Happiness (Seven Gems):
 Building one’s confidence by working on one’s strength
 Being comfortable with oneself
 Accepting changes
 Accepting the fact that changes cannot always be made
 Developing positive attitude
 Consciously striving towards a better self
 Living in present
Happiness Link TO:
 Motivation
 Effectiveness:
1. Health
2. Work
3. Relations
4. Satisfaction in life
5. Involvement & Social cause
Decision Making

By – Mr. Rajendra Kulkarni

CEO – Chief Evolution Officer
Newswire
 1. PLI IN AUTO SECTOR WILL CREATE 7.5 LAKH JOBS: HEAVY INDUSTRIES MINISTRY – Auto ET
In Union Budget, Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman has announced that 60 lakh jobs will be generated in the next five
years through the PLI scheme.

 The government expects that at least 7.5 lakh additional jobs will be created because of the Production Linked Incentive (PLI)
- Arun Goel, Secretary, Ministry of Heavy Industries
 60 lakh jobs will be generated in the next five years through the PLI scheme - Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman.
 The Ministry of Heavy Industries approved 20 applicants under "Champion OEM PLI Scheme.
 Proposed an investment of Rs 45,016 crore under the PLI scheme.
 Opened the application window of 60 days, which closed on January 9 this year.
 A total of 115 applications received, 87 - component category and 38 – OEM (vehicle category). 5 applicants applied in both
categories. So total 120 applications from 150 applicants.
 92 applications of auto components are in the process.  However, on the OEM category, the 28 applications have been
processed and declared 20 applicants eligible.
 Each selected company has to submit its production to the testing agencies, one of the conditions for the product selection
is that at least 50 per cent value addition must be domestic or Made in India.
 India is offering the best incentive in the world for electric vehicles and this will increase of battery electric vehicles on the
roads manifold and will help in boosting the electric vehicle's ecosystem.
 PLI scheme for automobile and auto components is Rs 25,938 crore and PLI for ACC is Rs 18,100 crore along with FAME
Scheme of Rs 10,000 crore to enable India to leapfrog to environmentally cleaner, sustainable, advanced, and more efficient
Electric Vehicles (EV) based system.
 2. Y-SHAPED SAFETY BELTS TO BE MANDATED FOR ALL SEATS IN CAR - The Hindu
Road Transport Ministry seeks stakeholder feedback
The Hindu
 Soon, all seats in a car will be required to have a “three-point” or Y-shaped seat belt, including middle-rear seats - Nitin
Gadkari, Minister for Road Transport and Highways.
 Automobile manufacturers are given a choice between two-point and three-point seat belts. Now, we plan to make three-
point seat belts mandatory as they are known to ensure better safety.
 A two-point belt attaches at its two ends, whereas a three-point is the combination of a lap belt and a sash belt.
 In a collision the 3-point belt spreads out the energy of the moving body over the chest, pelvis, and shoulders.
 Last month, the Ministry also proposed to make six airbags compulsory for all passenger cars.
 he Minister said it was his desire that the total deaths due to road accidents in India should be halved by 2025.
  According to the National Crime Records Bureau, in 2020 there were 1.3 lakh road fatalities in the country
 3. FORD TO RE-ENTER INDIAN MARKET WITH EVS? – Auto ET
he US automaker’s Indian subsidiary Ford India said it is exploring the possibility of using a plant in India as an EV
manufacturing base for exports. The carmaker’s application under the Production-Linked Incentive (PLI) scheme for the auto
sector received approval on Friday, along with other major OEMs. Following this, the carmaker said it is considering
producing electric vehicles (EVs) in India for exports, without denying completely the possibility of catering to the local
market also.
 Ford Motor Company, which stopped its operations in India last year, received approval from the Government of India for its
proposal under the Production-Linked Incentive (PLI) scheme for the automobile sector.
 Ford said it is considering producing electric vehicles (EVs) in India for exports, without denying completely the possibility of
catering to the local market also. The recent development comes six months after the automaker announced its exit from
the country.
 the maker of Ecosport and Endeavour said, “As Ford leads customers through the global electric-vehicle revolution, we’re
exploring the possibility of using a plant in India as an EV manufacturing base for exports. We don’t have anything additional
to announce at this time and will have more to say about any potential project in the future.”
 Ford has two plants in India – in Sanand, Gujarat, and in Chennai - equipped to produce Internal Combustion Engine (ICE)
vehicles.
 Ford had announced its plans to reduce manufacturing operations in India, with the option to retain the engine plant in
Sanand to service its products in the country for the next five years.
 Ford India’s previously-announced business restructuring is continuing and remains in line with the Ford+ plan for growth
and value creation by strengthening automotive operations and capitalizing on unprecedented opportunities in electric and
connected vehicles, the company said in a statement.
 4. GLOBAL ELECTRIC VEHICLE SALES UP 109% IN 2021, TESLA LEADS WITH 14% SHARE –   ECONOMICTIMES
The total global car market grew just 4 per cent in 2021 as it continued to struggle with Covid-19 restrictions and chip
shortages, while EV sales represented 9 per cent of all passenger car sales last year, according to market research firm Canalys.

 Nearly 6.5 million electric vehicles (EVs) — including fully electric and plug-in hybrid passenger cars — were sold worldwide
in 2021, up 109 per cent from 2020.
 Tesla leading the global EV market with 14 per cent share
 The total global car market grew just 4 per cent in 2021 as it continued to struggle with Covid-19 restrictions and chip
shortages.
 While EV sales represented 9 per cent of all passenger car sales last year.
 Nearly 85 per cent of EVs sold globally were delivered to customers in Mainland China and Europe.
 While demand is growing, just 4 per cent of new cars sold in the US in 2021.
 "Over 3.2 million EVs were sold in Mainland China in 2021 - half of all electric cars sold worldwide, and 2 million more than
were sold in the country in 2020. Many new models are launching every month in each important market segment, from
tiny, inexpensive city cars to mainstream and premium sedans and SUVs," said Jason Low, principal analyst at Canalys.
 The Tesla Model 3 was the best-selling electric car in Europe in 2021, but Volkswagen Group was the leading manufacturer
of EVs, with several models from Audi, Skoda and VW selling well.
 "Demand for EVs continues to be strong in Europe. In fact, in many European countries EVs represented more than a quarter
of new cars sold. but customers must be patient. A nine to 12 month wait time for a new EV is not unusual," said analyst
Ashwin Amberkar.
 Volkswagen Group was second with a 12 per cent market share and SAIC, which includes SGMW (the combination of SAIC,
GM and Wuling) came third with an 11 per cent share, the report said.
 5. STAR RATING’ OF CARS ON SAFETY PARAMETERS IN INDIA TO BETTER THAN GLOBAL NORMS – Auto ET
Nitin Gadkari also announced a 12-point initiative and mandatory provisions in the motor vehicle rules including Electronic
Stability Control (ESC), Advanced Emergency Braking and Driver Drowsiness Alert systems, which will be introduced to make
vehicles safer for occupants and also for other road users.

 India will soon have its own “Star Rating” regime for cars on the safety parameters which will help people to take an
informed decision while buying – Nitin Gadkari
 The Indian version of star rating will not only take into account safety of the occupants, but also pedestrians and other
vulnerable road users.
 Gadkari also announced a 12-point initiative and mandatory provisions in the motor vehicle rules including Electronic
Stability Control (ESC), Advanced Emergency Braking and Driver Drowsiness Alert systems, which will be introduced to make
vehicles safer for occupants and also for other road users.
 Road transport ministry will make it mandatory for all cars to have six airbags and the car makers will have to provide three-
point seat belts for all front-facing passengers in a car.
 Currently, Global New Car Assessment Programme (G-NCAP) gives star ratings to Indian cars after carrying out crash tests
and this has become popular in the past 6-7 years.
 India will have an improved version of the safety assessment programme than the G-NCAP and the government plans to
publish the test results of all models of vehicles to create awareness among buyers.
 “Nothing works better than competition. The carmakers will go for this if they want to remain in competition in the market.
The aim of all these is to save lives. We lose 1.5 lakh lives every year,” Gadkari said.
 The star rating is likely to be voluntary for car makers.
 6. GOVT MAKES THREE-POINT SEAT BELTS MANDATORY FOR ALL FRONT-FACING PASSENGERS IN CAR – Auto ET
Presently, only the front seats and two rear seats in most cars produced in the country have three-point seat belts. However,
the center or middle rear seat in these cars come equipped with only a two-point or lap seat belt, similar to the ones
provided in aircraft seats.

 he government has made it mandatory for automakers to provide three-point seat belts for all front-facing passengers in a
car.
 The norm will also be applicable for the middle seat in the rear row of a car - Union minister Nitin Gadkari
 “I have signed a file yesterday to make it mandatory for automakers to provide three-point seat belts for all the front facing
passengers in a car”, the road transport and highways minister said.
 Presently, only the front seats and two rear seats in most cars produced in the country have three-point seat belts.
 However, the center or middle rear seat in these cars come equipped with only a two-point or lap seat belt, similar to the
ones provided in aircraft seats.
 Gadkari said as many as 1.5 lakh people die every year in 5 lakh road accidents in the country.
 7. 20% OF ALL ELECTRIC FOUR-WHEELERS USED BY GOVT ENTITIES, KARNATAKA TOPS LIST–  Auto ET
Union road transport minister Nitin Gadkari informed Lok Sabha that government agencies are using 5,384 electric vehicles
as of February 4.
 One in every five electric four-wheelers registered in the country is being used by government entities, according to road
transport ministry data submitted in Parliament.
 Union road transport minister Nitin Gadkari informed Lok Sabha that government agencies are using 5,384 electric vehicles
as of February 4.
 Earlier, he had informed Rajya Sabha that a total of 26,335 electric four-wheelers were registered across the country
 Karnataka leading the list with 7,212 such vehicles, followed by Ladakh (5,484). Delhi, which has a high concentration of
government offices, has registered barely 3,051 4-wheeler EVs.
 vehicle registration data also shows that the number of eco-friendly vehicles - electric, CNG, petrol and diesel hybrid,
ethanol and methanol - registered in 2021 trebled to 4.8 lakh, compared to 2018.
 nearly 9.7 lakh EVs have been registered across India with UP leading the list among states with a little under 2.8 lakh such
vehicles, followed by Delhi with 1.3 lakh.
 While the government has been nudging people to go for electric vehicles instead of those powered by petrol and diesel, it
is the electric three-wheelers, largely electric rickshaws, that have a 67% share. Two-wheelers account for 29% of the
registered EVs.
 The number of ethanol-fuelled vehicles has so far seen registration of 116 vehicles, while there are 2,326 registered vehicles
running on methanol across the country.
 "This trend will continue as people find EVs a better option due to huge savings in fuel. The number of vehicles running on
ethanol and methanol will also see a quantum jump in the next few years as the government is putting more focus on
alternative fuels," said an official.
 8. SMART INVESTING | SIP OR LUMPSUM INVESTMENTS: WHICH IS BETTER? –  FINANCIALEXPRESS
For those investors who can recognise market cycles, identifying a market low and investing a lumpsum amount at the right
time could generate higher returns. For the rest, SIP is better.
Current market levels:
 With the spectacular return during the last one and half years, the leading index (Nifty 50) started moving into a
consolidation phase in November 2021.
 Nifty hit an all-time high of 18,604 in October 2021 before it started moving to a corrective phase and hit a low of 16,410 in
December 2021.
 Again, on January 18, it tried to breach its all-time high but failed to penetrate and continued its southward journey once
again.
 However, after the Budget, an upward movement started.
 Owing to geopolitical tensions regarding Russia and Ukraine, earnings season, Budget contours, inflation, etc., the market
seems to be directionless and is down by 6% from recent lows.
 The current PE and PB and other leading indicators show that the stock market is neutral (not low) and near-term direction
is not clear.
Advantages of lumpsum investing:
 For those investors who can recognise market cycles, identifying a market low and investing a lumpsum amount either
directly into equity or an equity oriented mutual fund at the right time could generate higher returns.
 This is based on the basic principle of investing—buying low and selling high.
 Lumpsum investing provides considerable returns for those investors with a long-term investment horizon of five to seven
years.
 Often, it could help to achieve specific financial goals like investing for a child’s education fund or for a retirement fund.
 However, an ill-timed investment could result in huge losses and lost confidence in the market.
 After investing a large amount of money in one go, investors become very anxious.
 For instance, if an investor invests Rs 10 lakh in direct equity or an equity fund or an aggressive hybrid fund and the market
then falls, their investment will also go down and that might be quite unnerving.
 Owing to this, investors may hesitate to pump in money again.
SIP vs lumpsum:
 Systematic investment plan (SIP) and lumpsum investments allow investors to benefit from potential wealth creation in the
long run.
 However, the major difference between the two is the frequency of investment.
 In fact, SIPs allow investors to pump in money into a mutual fund scheme periodically, such as daily, weekly, monthly,
quarterly, half-yearly, etc.
 One can invest via SIPs with as low as Rs 500 per month while lumpsum investments require significant cash outflow.
 To conclude, those investors who can understand the pulse of the market may go ahead with lumpsum investments as it
would yield better results than investing in SIP.
 For those who do not have a lumpsum amount or much knowledge about the market, SIP is the best option which will also
inculcate a sense of discipline.
 9. INSTAGRAM UPDATE NOW ALLOWS USERS TO LIKE STORIES WITHOUT SENDING DM –  BS
Meta-owned photo-sharing platform Instagram has announced a new feature called "Private Story Likes" that will change
how users interact with other people's Stories.
 eta-owned photo-sharing platform Instagram has announced a new feature called "Private Story Likes" that will change how
users interact with other people's Stories
 Users who receive the update will be able to like someone's Stories without sending a DM. The news was announced by
Instagram head Adam Mosseri on Twitter.
 While currently any interactions through Instagram Stories are sent by direct messages to the user's inbox, the new likes
system will work independently.
 the new interface will show a heart icon when you are viewing Stories in the Instagram application.
 Once you tap it, the other person will get a regular notification, not a private message.
 Instagram's head said the system is built to be "private" and will not provide counting of likes.
 Expected to differentiate Stories from regular Instagram posts, which will continue to have public counts of likes.
 As for the feature, it will make it easier and more fun for users to show support and appreciation for content shared on
Instagram Stories.
 The report said that the idea here is make sure that people can express more support for each other, but also to clean up
DMs a little bit.
 10. WHATSAPP MAY SOON ALLOW USERS TO ADD FACEBOOK-LIKE COVER PHOTO TO PROFILE: ALL YOU NEED TO KNOW
ABOUT NEW UPDATE–   FINANCIALEXPRESS
Users can now select a photo or take a new one (whichever is most suitable) to use as a cover photo.
 WhatsApp is currently working on plenty of features that are yet to be announced.
 The Meta-owned app is said to be currently working on a new feature ‘Cover Photo’ that will allow users to set cover photos
on their WhatsApp profile.
 “When the feature is enabled for beta testers, there will be some changes in your Business profile settings”, said WhatsApp
feature tracker.
WhatsApp is working on cover photos!
 The ability to set a cover photo is under development for WhatsApp Business accounts! - https://t.co/9iw1mVxzMJ
 The WhatsApp feature tracker also stated that the ability to set cover photos is currently under development for WhatsApp
Business Accounts.
How will the feature work:
 the instant-messaging platform WhatsApp is planning to introduce a camera button in user’s Business Settings.
 In this, users can select a photo or take a new one (whichever is most suitable) to use as a cover photo.
 When any other user from the contact list will visit your business profile, they will be able to see your newly-set cover photo
along with the profile photo and status; depending on your privacy settings.
WA Web rolling out voice calling feature for some users:
 Users will soon be able to make voice calls from the web version of WhatsApp.
 As of now, the feature has been out only for selected users.
 WhatsApp shared plans to introduce video and voice calling to the web and desktop users in October 2020.
 This new feature was rolled out for beta as well as some of the non-beta testers as well. Now the Meta-owned messaging
platform is planning to roll this feature for more users.
 INSTAGRAM UPDATE NOW ALLOWS USERS TO LIKE STORIES WITHOUT SENDING DM –  BS
Meta-owned photo-sharing platform Instagram has announced a new feature called "Private Story Likes" that will change
how users interact with other people's Stories.
 eta-owned photo-sharing platform Instagram has announced a new feature called "Private Story Likes" that will change how
users interact with other people's Stories
 Users who receive the update will be able to like someone's Stories without sending a DM. The news was announced by
Instagram head Adam Mosseri on Twitter.
 While currently any interactions through Instagram Stories are sent by direct messages to the user's inbox, the new likes
system will work independently.
 the new interface will show a heart icon when you are viewing Stories in the Instagram application.
 Once you tap it, the other person will get a regular notification, not a private message.
 Instagram's head said the system is built to be "private" and will not provide counting of likes.
 Expected to differentiate Stories from regular Instagram posts, which will continue to have public counts of likes.
 As for the feature, it will make it easier and more fun for users to show support and appreciation for content shared on
Instagram Stories.
 The report said that the idea here is make sure that people can express more support for each other, but also to clean up
DMs a little bit.