Anatomi Batang Tubuh (Thruncus)
Anatomi Batang Tubuh (Thruncus)
Anatomi Batang Tubuh (Thruncus)
BATANG TUBUH
(THRUNCUS)
Pajar Haryatno, Ftr, M.Kes
OSTEOLOGI
Vertebra Cervicalis
Vertebra thoracalis
Vertebra lumbalis
coxigeum
Vertebra cervicalis Vertebra thoracalis
Permukaan
bawah
1 V. CERVICALIS I
2 (atlas)
3
6 1. Tuberculum posterius
7 2. Arcus posterior
4 3. Sulcus arteria vertebralis
4. Fovea articularis superior
10 11 9 8 5. Fovea articularis inferior
6. Foramen transversarium
7. Procesus transversus
1 8. Massa lateralis
2 9. Arcus anterior
10. Fovea dentis
6 11. Tuberculum anterius
7
5
10 11 9 8
1
V. CERVICALIS II
3
(axis/epistropheus)
4
7 1. Dens epistropheus
8 2. Facies articularis anterior
6 3. Facies articularis posterior
9 4. Facies articularis superior
5. Processus articularis inferior
1 6. Corpus
2 7. Foramen transversarium
4 8. Processus transversus
9. Processus spinosus
6
5
8
VERTEBRA
1 CERVICALIS
2 1. Processus articularis
6 superior
2. Processus articularis inferior
3. Corpus vertebrae
4. Foramen transversarium
5. Processus transversus
6. Processus spinosus
6
7. Tuberculum posterius
10 8. Tuberculum anterius
1 9. Sulcus nervi spinalis
11 10. Lamina arcus vertebrae
7 11.
3
Incisura vertebralis
superior
9 4
8 5
1
5 VERTEBRA
2 THORACALIS
3 1. Processus spinosus
11 2. Processus transversus
3. Fovea costalis transversalis
4&6
4. Pediculus arcus vertebrae
10
5. Lamina arcus vertebralis
6. Incisura vertebralis superior
7. Incisura vertebralis inferior
11
8. Fovea costalis superior
3 9. Fovea costalis inferior
7 10. Corpus vertebrae
12 11. Processus articularis superior
12. Processus articularis inferior
8 9
1
9 VERTEBRA
2 LUMBALIS
3 1. Processus spinosus
4&6 2. Processus transversus/costarius
3. Processus accecorius
4. Pediculus arcus vertebrae
5. Lamina arcus vertebralis
6. Incisura vertebralis superior
5 7. Incisura vertebralis inferior
8 8. Corpus vertebrae
9. Processus articularis superior
9
10. Processus articularis inferior
6
7
10
1 VERTEBRA
4
2 SACRALIS
5 1. Processus articularis superior
2. Processus mamillaris
10 6
3. Pars lateralis
7 4. Tuberositas sacralis
11
13 8 5. Facies auricularis
9 6. Crista sacralis lateralis
7. Crista sacralis intermedia
3 12
8. Crista sacralis mediana
9. Foramen sacrale dorsale
10. Hiatus sacralis
11. Cornu sacralis
12. Apex sacralis
13. Basis sacralis
14. Incisura vertebralis superior
15 16 17 15. Foramina sacralia pelvina
14 16. Lineae transversae
17. Canalis sacralis
12 13 14
OS COSTAE
1. Caput
1
2. Facies articularis capitis costae sup.
5
6 3. Facies articularis capitis costae inf.
11 4. Crista capitis costae
5. Collum costae
7 2 6. Tuberculum costae
4 7. Facies articularis tuberculi costae
3
8. Angulus costae
8 9. Sulcus costae
10. Corpus costae
10
11. Crista coli costae
9 12. Sulcus arteria subclavia
13. Tuberculum m. scaleni anterior
14. Tuberositas m. serrati anterioris
1
STERNUM
2
5 1. Incisura jugularis
3 2. Incisura clavicularis
8
4 3. Incisura costalis I
4. Incisura costalis II
5. Manubrium sterni
6.Corpus sterni
6 7 processus xiphoideus
8. Angulus sterni
7
SISTEM ALAT GERAK
BATANG BADAN
A. TULANG BELAKANG (Columna
Vertebralis)
Tersusun atas 33-34 ruas
- 7 ruas v. cervicalis
- 12 ruas v. thoracalis
- 5 ruas v. lumbalis
- 5 ruas v. sacralis
- 4-5 ruas v. coccygealis
Antar ruas vertebra “pra sacral”
2. SYNCHONDROSIS:
Hubungan antara corpus vertebra diatas dan
dibawahnya
Diantaranya terdapat “discus intervertebralis”:
2
3
4
5
6
Terdapat 2 gaya:
1. Meregangkan : discus intervertebr.
2. Memendekkan : ligamentum2
bentuk keseimbangan yang kuat.
menghemat kerja otot
PERNAPASAN (RESPIRATIO)
Ada 2 tingkatan:
1. Inspirasi : pembesaran rongga dada
2. Ekspirasi : rongga dada diperkecil
Dibedakan 2 :
1. Regular : diperlukan saat pernapasan biasa
2. Auxilliar : bila diperlukan pernapasan seperti saat aktivitas fisik