13-Compressor - Rings & Riders

Compressor Group
Compressor Group
Compressor
Piston Rings
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Compressor Group
3
Compressor Group
4
Compressor Group
Checking end gap
BUTT CUT RINGS

(Teflon) Be sure to
.0195 per inch of bore diameter
(PEEK) position rings in
.0064 per inch of bore diameter the cylinder bore
Tolerance = +.020/-.000
Angled Cut Rings

Butt Cut x .707 + Tolerance
5
Piston with conventional rings
Cylinder bore Counterbore
Seal
= gas pressure
Piston movement Piston
Seal
Compressor Group
Metallic piston ring materials
• CAST IRON
– Dirty or corrosive gases
• BRONZE
– High pressure
– High temperature
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Compressor Group
Non-metallic piston ring materials

• PTFE - TEFLON
– Carbon filled - Non-lube and lubricated
– Glass and Moly filled - Lubricated
– Bronze filled - Non-lube and lubricated
(mostly air service)
High temperature, non-corrosive
– Ryton
• THERMOPLASTICS - (Lubricated)
– Combination rings 8
Compressor Group
Compressor Piston Rings
Any Questions?
9
Compressor Group
Rider Rings
&
Rider Bands
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Compressor Group
11
Compressor Group
Using rider rings or rider bands

to support the piston off of the bore
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Compressor Group
Calculating bearing pressure

on existing rider rings / bands
piston weight + 1/2 rod weight

Bearing pressure = groove width x cylinder dia. x .866 x no. of rings
Bearing pressure limits 7 psi non-lube

12 psi lubricated
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Compressor Group
Calculating required width of

rider rings / bands
Total width = piston weight + 1/2 rod weight

of all riders bearing pressure x cylinder diameter x .866
Bearing pressure limits 7 psi non-lube

12 psi lubricated
Side Clearance = .012” per inch of ring width

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Compressor Group
Rider End Gap

Normally twice that
of the piston ring gap.
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Compressor Group
Typical application for rider rings
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Compressor Group
Typical application for rider bands
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Compressor Group
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o
120
Effective length of rider =

.866 x cylinder diameter
Compressor Group
Determining rider thickness
Bore diameter Rider thickness
up to 12” .250”
12” to 16” .312”
16” to 21” .375”
21” to 26” .438”
26” and larger .500”
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Compressor Group
Rider O.D. = Bore size - running clearance
Running clearance
Running clearance:
Cast iron = .0015 + .010” per inch bore dia.
Aluminum = .003 + .010” per inch bore dia.
Rider O.D.
Ex:
10” cyl., alum. piston = .040” run. clrnce.
10” - .040” =
9.960” rider O.D.
Determining rider O.D. 21

Compressor Group
Bottom groove diameter = rider O.D. - (2 x rider thickness)
Ex:
10” cyl., alum. piston = rider O.D. of 9.970

10” cyl., alum piston = .250”rider thcknss
9.970” - (2 x .250”) =
9.470” bottom groove diameter
Determining piston bottom groove diameter 22

Compressor Group
Piston O.D. = rider O.D. - (2 x rider projection)
Ex:
Piston O.D.
10” cyl., alum. piston = 9.970” rider O.D.
Typical rider projection = .060”
9.970” - (2 x .060”) =
9.850” piston O.D.

Rider projection
.060” typical
Determining piston O.D. 23

Compressor Group
Groove depth = rider ring thickness - rider ring projection
Groove depth
Ex:
10” cyl., alum. piston = .250” ring thcknss

Typical ring projection = .060”
.250” - .060” =
.190” rider ring groove depth
Determining rider ring groove depth 24

Determining “free O.D.” for stretch on rider bands
to allow for growth after stretching onto piston.
Free O.D. = free I.D. + (2 x rider thickness)

10” cyl., alum. piston = 9.139” free I.D.
10” cyl., alum. piston = .250” rider thickness
9.139” + (2 x .250”) =
9.639” free O.D. (to allow for .331” growth after stretch)
Determining “free I.D.” for stretch on rider bands
to allow for 3.5% interference fit.
Free I.D. = bottom groove diameter x .965

10” cyl., alum. piston = 9.470” bottom groove diameter
9.470” x .965 =
9.139” free I.D. (.331” interference fit)
Piston with combination rings
Cylinder bore Counterbore
Seal
= gas pressure
Piston movement Piston
Piston weight makes

bottom half of the ring
seal against cylinder bore.
Seal
Compressor Group
Rider Rings & Rider Bands
Any Questions?
28

13-Compressor - Rings & Riders

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13-Compressor - Rings & Riders

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Compressor Group

Checking end gap

BUTT CUT RINGS

Angled Cut Rings

Piston movement Piston

Metallic piston ring materials

Non-metallic piston ring materials

Using rider rings or rider bands

Calculating bearing pressure

piston weight + 1/2 rod weight

Bearing pressure limits 7 psi non-lube

Calculating required width of

Total width = piston weight + 1/2 rod weight

Bearing pressure limits 7 psi non-lube

Side Clearance = .012” per inch of ring width

Rider End Gap

Typical application for rider rings

Typical application for rider bands

Effective length of rider =

Determining rider thickness

Bore diameter Rider thickness

Rider O.D. = Bore size - running clearance

9.960” rider O.D.

Determining rider O.D. 21

Bottom groove diameter = rider O.D. - (2 x rider thickness)

10” cyl., alum. piston = rider O.D. of 9.970

9.470” bottom groove diameter

Determining piston bottom groove diameter 22

Piston O.D. = rider O.D. - (2 x rider projection)

9.850” piston O.D.

Determining piston O.D. 23

Groove depth = rider ring thickness - rider ring projection

10” cyl., alum. piston = .250” ring thcknss

.190” rider ring groove depth

Determining rider ring groove depth 24

Free O.D. = free I.D. + (2 x rider thickness)

Free I.D. = bottom groove diameter x .965

Piston movement Piston

Piston weight makes

Rider Rings & Rider Bands

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