Introduction To MATLAB

Introduction to MATLAB
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Outline
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Editor Workspace
Current Directory
Command Window
Details
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MATLAB R2018a. Courtesy of The MathWorks, Inc. Used with permission. MATLAB and Simulink are registered trademarks of The MathWorks, Inc. See
www.mathworks.com/trademarks for a list of additional trademarks. Other product or brand names may be trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective
Customization
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Installing Toolboxes
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Making Folders
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MATLAB
↳ Signals and Systems Lab
↳ Lab1_Intro2MATLAB 6
www.mathworks.com/trademarks for a list of additional trademarks. Other product or brand names may be trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective holders.
Help/Docs
● help
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○ help sin
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○ doc sin
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○ docsearch sin trigonometric
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Outline
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Scripts: Overview
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○edit MyFileName.m
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Scripts: Some notes
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Exercise: Scripts
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Hello world!
I am going to learn MATLAB!
disp(...)
'This is a string'
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Outline
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Variable Types
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Naming Variables
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myNumberVariable = 3.14
myStringVariable = 'hello world!'
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○ var1 Var1
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Naming Variables (cont.)
i, j:
pi:
ans:
Inf, -Inf:
NaN:
ii, jj, kk,

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Scalars
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○ a = 10
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○ c = 1.3 * 45 - 2 * a
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○cooldude = 13/3;
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Arrays
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MATLAB makes vectors easy!

That’s its power!
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Row vectors
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○ row = [ 1 2 3.2 4 6 5.4 ];
○ row = [ 1, 2, 4, 7, 4.3, 1.1 ];
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MATLAB version 6.5. Courtesy of The MathWorks, Inc. Used with permission. MATLAB and Simulink are registered trademarks of The MathWorks, Inc. See
Column vectors
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○ col = [ 1; 2; 3.2; 4; 6; 5.4 ];
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MATLAB version 6.5. Courtesy of The MathWorks, Inc. Used with permission. MATLAB and Simulink are registered trademarks of The MathWorks, Inc. See
Size and length
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Matrices
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■ a= [1 2;3 4];
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a = [1 2];
b = [3 4];
c = [5;6];
d = [a;b];
e = [d c];
f = [[e e];[a b a]];
str = ['Hello, I am ' 'John'];
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save/clear/load
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○save myFile a b
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Signals and Systems
● Lab\Lab1_Intro2MATLAB
○clear a b
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○load myFile
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Outline
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Basic Scalar Operations
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○ 7/45
○ (1+1i)*(1+2i)
○ 1/0
○ 0/0
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○ 4^2
○ (3+4*1j)^2
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○ ((2+3)*3)^0.1
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Built-in Functions
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○sqrt(2)
○ log(2), log10(0.23)
○ cos(1.2), atan(-.8)
○ exp(2+4*1i)
○ round(1.4), floor(3.3), ceil(4.23)
○angle(1i); abs(1+1i);
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Transpose
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○ a = [1 2 3 4+i]
○transpose(a)
○a'
○ a.'
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Addition and Subtraction
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Addition and Subtraction
● c = row + column
● c = row.’ + column
● c = row + column.’
● s=sum(row);
● p=prod(row);
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Element-wise functions
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Element-wise functions
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a=[1 2 3];b=[4;2;1];
a.*b , a./b , a.^b → all errors
a.*b.', a./b.’, a.^(b.’) → all valid
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Operators
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Automatic Initialization
• Initialize a vector of ones, zeros, or random numbers
» o=ones(1,10)
➢ Row vector with 10 elements, all 1
» z=zeros(23,1)
➢ Column vector with 23 elements, all 0
» r=rand(1,45)
➢ Row vector with 45 elements (uniform (0,1))
» n=nan (1,69)
➢ Row vector of NaNs (representing uninitialized variables)
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Automatic Initialization
• To initialize a linear vector of values use linspace
» a=linspace(0,10,5)
➢ Starts at 0, ends at 10 (inclusive), 5 values
• Can also use colon operator (:)

» b=0:2:10
➢ Starts at 0, increments by 2, and ends at or before 10
➢ Increment can be decimal or negative
» c=1:5
➢ If increment is not specified, default is 1
• To initialize logarithmically spaced values use logspace

41 ➢ Similar to linspace, but see help
Vector Indexing
• MATLAB indexing starts with 1, not 0
➢ We will not respond to any emails
where this is the problem.
• a(n) returns the nth element
a(1) a(2) a(3) a(4)
• The index argument can be a vector. In this case,

each element is looked up individually, and returned
as a vector of the same size as the index vector.
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» x=[12 13 5 8];
Matrix Indexing
• Matrices can be indexed in two ways
➢ using subscripts (row and column)
➢ using linear indices (as if matrix is a vector)
• Matrix indexing: subscripts or linear indices
b(1,1) b(1,2)
b(1,1) b(1,2) b(1)
b(1 b(3
b(3)
b(2,1)
b(2,2) b(2 ) b(4 )
• Picking submatrices
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» A = rand(5) % shorthand for 5x5 matrix

Advanced Indexing 1
• To select rows or columns of a matrix, use the :
» d=c(1,:); d=[12 5];

» e=c(:,2); e=[5;13];
» c(2,:)=[3 6]; %replaces second row of c
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Advanced Indexing 2
• MATLAB contains functions to help you find desired values
» vec = [5 3 1 9 7]
• To get the minimum value and its index (similar for max):
» [minVal,minInd] = min(vec);
• To find the indices of specific values or ranges

» ind = find(vec == 9); vec(ind) = 8;
» ind = find(vec > 2 & vec < 6);
➢ find expressions can be very complex, more on this later
➢ When possible, logical indexing is faster than find!
➢ E.g., vec(vec == 9) = 8; 37
Outline
(1) Getting Started
(2) Scripts
(3) Making Variables
(4) Manipulating Variables
(5) Basic Plotting
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Plotting
• Example
» x=linspace(0,4*pi,10);
» y=sin(x);
• Plot values against their index

» plot(y);
• Usually we want to plot y versus x
» plot(x,y);
MATLAB makes visualizing data

fun and easy!
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What does plot do?
• plot generates dots at each (x,y) pair and then connects the dots
with a line
• To make plot of a function look smoother, evaluate at more points
» x=linspace(0,4*pi,1000);
» plot(x,sin(x));
• x and y vectors must be same size or else you’ll get an error
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End of Lecture 1
(1) Getting Started
(2) Scripts
(3) Making Variables
(4) Manipulating Variables
(5)BHope that wasn’t too much and
you enjoyed it!!
42

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Introduction to MATLAB

ii, jj, kk,

MATLAB makes vectors easy!

a.*b , a./b , a.^b → all errors

a.*b.', a./b.’, a.^(b.’) → all valid

• Can also use colon operator (:)

• To initialize logarithmically spaced values use logspace

a(1) a(2) a(3) a(4)

• The index argument can be a vector. In this case,

» A = rand(5) % shorthand for 5x5 matrix

• To select rows or columns of a matrix, use the :

» d=c(1,:); d=[12 5];

• To find the indices of specific values or ranges

• Plot values against their index

MATLAB makes visualizing data

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