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    Effects of Earthquake: By: Gian Kim E. Lagat

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    Liezel Cruz
    Earthquakes have both primary and secondary effects. The primary effects are the immediate damage caused by the quake, such as collapsing buildings and bridges which can kill many people. Secondary effects are the aftermath of earthquakes and include tsunamis, soil liquefaction, fires, disease, famine, and landslides. Earthquakes are caused by the slow movement of tectonic plates deep within the Earth, but human activities like dam construction, groundwater extraction, fracking, and building skyscrapers can also induce seismic activity near the surface.

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    Effects of Earthquake: By: Gian Kim E. Lagat

    Uploaded by

    Liezel Cruz
    34 views20 pages
    Earthquakes have both primary and secondary effects. The primary effects are the immediate damage caused by the quake, such as collapsing buildings and bridges which can kill many people. Secondary effects are the aftermath of earthquakes and include tsunamis, soil liquefaction, fires, disease, famine, and landslides. Earthquakes are caused by the slow movement of tectonic plates deep within the Earth, but human activities like dam construction, groundwater extraction, fracking, and building skyscrapers can also induce seismic activity near the surface.

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    Earthquakes have both primary and secondary effects. The primary effects are the immediate damage caused by the quake, such as collapsing buildings and bridges which can kill many people. Secondary effects are the aftermath of earthquakes and include tsunamis, soil liquefaction, fires, disease, famine, and landslides. Earthquakes are caused by the slow movement of tectonic plates deep within the Earth, but human activities like dam construction, groundwater extraction, fracking, and building skyscrapers can also induce seismic activity near the surface.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    34 views20 pages

    Effects of Earthquake: By: Gian Kim E. Lagat

    Uploaded by

    Liezel Cruz
    Earthquakes have both primary and secondary effects. The primary effects are the immediate damage caused by the quake, such as collapsing buildings and bridges which can kill many people. Secondary effects are the aftermath of earthquakes and include tsunamis, soil liquefaction, fires, disease, famine, and landslides. Earthquakes are caused by the slow movement of tectonic plates deep within the Earth, but human activities like dam construction, groundwater extraction, fracking, and building skyscrapers can also induce seismic activity near the surface.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 20

    E FF E C T S OF

    E A RT H Q U A K E
    BY: GIAN KIM E. LAGAT
    Objectives:
    • What are the primary and secondary effects
    of an earthquake
    • What are the causes and effects of
    earthquakes
    • To determine what are the effects of
    earthquakes
    An earthquake is a sudden shaking
    movement of the surface of the earth. It is
    known as a quake, tremblor or tremor.
    Earthquake can range in size from those
    that are so weak that they cannot be felt
    those violent enough to toss people around
    and destroy whole cities.
    Causes and Effects of Earthquakes
    Causes of Earthquakes
    Natural cause:
    Earthquake are the result of slow-moving processes that
    operate within Earth.
    Earth was hot when it formed, and has been cooling ever
    since(near the surface, for each km into Earth, the
    temperature rises by about 30deg. Celcius).
    Earth’s cooling causes the portions of Earth to move and
    that movement is what we call Earthquake.
    Some of the human decisions that have induced
    eartquakes:
    • Dams and reservoirs
    Its just water, but water is heavy.Large reservoirs of water
    created by dams have a long history of inducing
    earthquakes. The 2008 earthquake in Sichuan, China, that
    killed nearly 70,000 people was one of the most
    devastating in recent memory, and some scientist think it
    was triggered by the construction of the Zipingpu Dam
    nearby.
    • Groundwater extraction:
    Taking water out of the ground, which causes
    the water table drop, can also destabilize an
    existing fault.
    • Geothermal power plants:
    As the geothermal field operation have ramped
    up, seismic activity has increased there.
    • Fracking and injection wells:
    When waste fracking fluid in injected back
    underground into deep wells, The fluid can
    sleep out and lubricate faults, causing them to
    slip more easily.
    • Skyscrapers:
    It is about outing too much pressure on the soft
    sedimentary rock below. This stress is due to all extra steel
    and concrete used to make the skyscraper solid enough to
    withstand earthquakes
    Effects of Earthquakes
    The destructive effects of an earthquake can be classified
    into primary and secondary effects.
    Primary effects:
    They are the immediate damage caused by the quake,
    such as collapsing buildings, roads and bridges, which may
    kill many people. Those lucky enough to survive can suffer
    badly from shock and panic.
    Secondary effects:
    They are the after-effects of the earthquake.
    Secondary effects of earthquakes
     TSUNAMIS
     SOIL LIQUEFACTION
     FIRE
     DISEASE AND FAMINE
     LANDSLIDES
    • Fire: earthquakes destroy gas pipes and electric cables,
    causing fires to spread. Broken water mains prevents
    the fires being extinguished.
    • Tsunamis: an earthquake on the sea floor or close to
    the coast may cause huge waves.

    • Landslides: earthquakes often


    cause landslides, especially in
    steep river valleys and areas of
    weak rocks.
    • Disease and famine: fresh supplies are often cut off
    causing typhoid and cholera. Lack of shelter and food
    causes much suffering.

    • Soil liquefaction: when soils


    with a high water content are
    violently shaken they lose their
    mechanical strength and behave
    like a fluid and so buildings can
    literally sink.
    • Disease and famine: fresh supplies are often cut off
    causing typhoid and cholera. Lack of shelter and food
    causes much suffering.

    • Soil liquefaction: when soils


    with a high water content are
    violently shaken they lose their
    mechanical strength and behave
    like a fluid and so buildings can
    literally sink.
    Q1. How do earthquakes affect the
    land?

    Q2.What is the best thing to do if


    there is an earthquake?
    A1. But not all earthquakes are
    powerful enough to cause
    damage. In fact, earthquakes are
    happening all the time, on land
    and in the ocean.
    A2. If you are indoors during
    earthquake. DROP to the ground take
    COVER by getting under a sturdy table
    or other piece of furniture and HOLD
    ON until the shaking stops.
    THANK YOU FOR LISTENING

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