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    Glasgow Coma Scale: Presented by Pankaj Singh Rana Nurse Practitioner in Critical Care

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    Anisya Ababelia
    The Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) is a neurological scale used to assess consciousness after brain injury. It evaluates eye opening, verbal response, and motor response on a scale of 3 to 15, with lower scores indicating more severe brain injury. Scores are interpreted as severe (GCS <8), moderate (GCS 9-12), or minor (GCS ≥13) brain injury. Limitations include difficulty assessing intubated or very young patients.

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    Glasgow Coma Scale: Presented by Pankaj Singh Rana Nurse Practitioner in Critical Care

    Uploaded by

    Anisya Ababelia
    1K views17 pages
    The Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) is a neurological scale used to assess consciousness after brain injury. It evaluates eye opening, verbal response, and motor response on a scale of 3 to 15, with lower scores indicating more severe brain injury. Scores are interpreted as severe (GCS <8), moderate (GCS 9-12), or minor (GCS ≥13) brain injury. Limitations include difficulty assessing intubated or very young patients.

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    GCS Blok 20

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    The Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) is a neurological scale used to assess consciousness after brain injury. It evaluates eye opening, verbal response, and motor response on a scale of 3 to 15, with lower scores indicating more severe brain injury. Scores are interpreted as severe (GCS <8), moderate (GCS 9-12), or minor (GCS ≥13) brain injury. Limitations include difficulty assessing intubated or very young patients.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    1K views17 pages

    Glasgow Coma Scale: Presented by Pankaj Singh Rana Nurse Practitioner in Critical Care

    Uploaded by

    Anisya Ababelia
    The Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) is a neurological scale used to assess consciousness after brain injury. It evaluates eye opening, verbal response, and motor response on a scale of 3 to 15, with lower scores indicating more severe brain injury. Scores are interpreted as severe (GCS <8), moderate (GCS 9-12), or minor (GCS ≥13) brain injury. Limitations include difficulty assessing intubated or very young patients.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 17

    GLASGOW

    COMA SCALE

    PRESENTED BY
    PANKAJ SINGH RANA
    NURSE
    PRACTITIONER IN
    OBJECTIVE
    ▪ INTRODUCTION
    ▪ DEFINITION
    ▪ EYE SCORE
    ▪ VEERBAL
    SCORE
    ▪ MOTOR SCORE
    ▪ INTERPREATION
    ▪ SUMMARY
    INTRODUCTIO
    N
    ▪ The scale was published in 1974 by Graham
    Teasdale and Bryan J. Jennett, professors of neurosurgery at
    the University of Glasgow's Institute of Neurological Sciences
    at the city's Southern General Hospital.

    ▪ A patient is assessed against the criteria of the scale, and the


    resulting points give a patient score between 3 (indicating
    deep unconsciousness) to 15 ( full consciousness).
    DEFINITION

    ▪ The Glasgow coma scale (GCS) is


    a neurological scale which aims to give a reliable
    way of recording the conscious state of a person.
    SCALE
    SCORING
    ▪ GCS check 3 components
    ▪ Eye Response (1-4)
    ▪ Verbal Response (1-5)
    ▪ Motor Response (1-6)
    EYE RESPONSE (E)

    ▪ There are four grades starting with the most severe:


    1. No eye opening
    2. Eye opening in response to pain stimulus. (a peripheral pain
    stimulus, such as squeezing the lunula area of the
    patient's fingernails more effective than a central stimulus
    such as a trapezius squeeze, due to a grimacing effect).
    3. Eye opening to speech. (Not to be confused with the
    awakening of a sleeping person; such patients receive a score
    of 4, not 3.)
    4. Eyes opening spontaneously
    VERBAL RESPONSE (V)
    There are five grades starting with the most severe:
    1. No verbal response
    2. Incomprehensible sounds. (Moaning but no words.)
    3. Inappropriate words. (Random or exclamatory articulated
    speech, but no conversational exchange. Speaks words but no
    sentences.)
    4. Confused. (The patient responds to questions coherently but
    there is some disorientation and confusion.)
    5. Oriented. (Patient responds coherently and appropriately to
    questions such as the patient’s name and age, where they are
    and why, the year, month, etc.)
    MOTOR RESPONSE (M)
    1. No motor response
    2. Decerebrate posturing accentuated by pain (extensor
    response: adduction of arm, internal rotation of
    shoulder, pronation of forearm and extension at
    elbow, flexion of wrist and fingers, leg
    extension, plantar flexion of foot)
    3. Decorticate posturing accentuated by pain (flexor
    response: internal rotation of shoulder, flexion of
    forearm and wrist with clenched fist, leg
    extension, plantar flexion of foot)
    4. Withdrawal from pain (absence of abnormal
    posturing; unable to lift hand past chin with supra
    orbital pain but does pull away when nail bed is
    pinched)
    5. Localizes to pain (purposeful movements towards
    painful stimuli; e.g., brings hand up beyond chin
    when supra orbital pressure applied)
    6. Obeys commands (the patient does simple things as
    asked)
    INTERPRETATION

    Generally, brain injury is classified as:


    ▪ Severe, GCS < 8–9
    ▪ Moderate, GCS 8 or 9–12 (controversial)
    ▪ Minor, GCS ≥ 13.
    A- ALERT (15)
    V- RESPOND TO VERBAL STIMULUS (13)
    P- RESPOND TO STIMULI (5)
    U- UN RESPONSIVE (3)
    LIMITATIO
    ▪ Tracheal intubation N
    and severe facial/eye swelling or damage
    make it impossible to test the verbal and eye responses.

    ▪ In these circumstances, the score is given as 1 with a modifier


    attached (e.g. "E1c", where "c" = closed, or "V1t" where t =
    tube). Often the 1 is left out, so the scale reads Ec or Vt.

    ▪ The GCS has limited applicability to children, especially below the


    age of 36 months (where the verbal performance of even a
    healthy child would be expected to be poor).

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