Microbial Control For Plant Disease in Thailand: Watchalee Sopin

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MICROBIAL CONTROL FOR

PLANT DISEASE
IN THAILAND

Watchalee Sopin

Songkhla Plant Protection Center


Department of Agricultural Extension
[email protected]
TRICHODERMA HARZIANUM IS ONE OF THE MOST
EFFECTIVE BIOCONTROL AGENTS USED FOR
CONTROLLING PLANT PATHOGENIC FUNGI

TRICHODERMA ON PDA
TRICHODERMA HARZIANUM

* Parasitic to most soil borne plant pathogenic

fungi (coiling/penetration/lysing)
* Strong competition for substrates
* Produce antibiotics (pyrone/oxazole)
* Induce resistance against Pythium root rot
of cucumber
EFFICACY OF TRICHODERMA
FOR CONTROLLING PLANT
DISEASES
PHYTOPHTHORA ROOT ROT OF DURIAN
: P hytophthora palmivora
DAMPING-OFF OF COTTON
: Rhizoctonia solani
DAMPING-OFF - Pythium aphanidermatum
tomato

Vegetable soybean
STEM ROT OF SOYBEAN

- Pythium sp.
STEM ROT OF TOMATO - Sclerotium rolfsii
STEM ROT AND WILT OF YARD LONG BEAN - Sclerotium rolfsii
STEM ROT OF CHILLI
- Sclerotium rolfsii
ANTRACNOSE OF CHILLI - Colletotrichum capsici
STEM ROT OF LETTUCE
Pythium aphanidermatum
ROOT ROT OF LETTUCE

Pythium spp.
BLACK LEAF MOLD OF TOMATO

Pseudocercospora fuligena
ANTRACNOSE ON LEAF OF MANGO
Colletotrichum gloeosporioides
SHOOT ROT OF ORCHID
Sclerotium rolfsii
SHEATH BLIGHT OF RICE
Rhizoctonia solani
DIRTY PANICLE OF RICE
BROWN SPOT OF RICE
Helminthosporium oryzae
DRY POWDER

TRICHODERMA
FORMULATIONS

FRESH CULTURE PELLET

LIQUID
Compost (100 kg.)

Trichoderma fresh culture Rice bran (0-4 kg.)


( 1 kg.)
Trichoderma fresh culture

Rice bran
Trichoderma fresh culture

Rice bran
Trichoderma fresh culture
+ Rice bran Compost
Trichoderma + Rice bran + Compost
50-100 g / m2
Broadcasting during soil preparation
Planting seeds
Mulching with straw
Watering
Seedings / Growing period
Broadcasting under plant canopy 50-100 g / m2
10-20 g / plant
10-20 g / plant
10-20 g / hole
500-1000 g / hole
Planting medium Trichoderma fresh culture
+ Rice bran + Compost
4 parts 1 part
MIXING

Trichoderma – compost - Planting medium


FILLING UP
Seeding
SPRAYING (water or Trichoderma)
Trichoderma on cooked rice
Add small amount of water
MIXING - SHAKING

Trichoderma
coated seeds
1-2 L
WATER
FILTER

1 Kg Trichoderma
PRESS/ SHAKING / SQUEEZE (gently)
WASHING
FILTERING

(through screen)
Trichoderma suspension
1-2 L – Trichoderma
suspension + 200 L - water
SPRAY GERMINATED SEEDLINGS
SPRAY WHOLE PLANT AND SOIL
SPRAY WHOLE PLANT AND SOIL
SPRAY SEEDLINGS
SPRAY BASAL STEM OF PLANT
SPRAY UNDER PLANT CANOPY
SPRAY INTO SOIL BEFORE PLANTING
OR AFTER SOWING SEEDS
SPRAY AFTER SEEDING AND MULCHING

10-20 l / 100 m2 OR UNTIL WET


5-10 l / 100 m2
SPRAY THE WHOLE PLANT
To irrigation system

Water from pond

From Trichoderma
mixing tank
IRRIGATION FOR PADDY FIELD
Filtering
Adding Trichoderma
into nutrient solution
T100g/200L T200g/200L T100g/200L Control Control
(+Py) (+Py) (-Py) (+Py) (-Py)
CLEANING
DISEASE
LESION
PAINTING DISEASED LESIONS
(STEM ROT ON DURIAN TREE)

Trichoderma = 1 kg.
Fresh culture
Water = 2-4 l
Powder = 1 kg
DRIED
DISEASE
LESION

SUCCESSFUL CURING
SPRAYING DISEASE LESION
DRIED
DISEASE
LESION

SUCCESSFUL CURING
APPLICATION METHODS
BROADCASTING
SEED TREATMENT
SPRAYING
THROUGH IRRIGATION SYSTEM
HYDROPONIC SYSTEM
CURING
CAUTIONS
Mixing Trichoderma with old compost
Mixing Trichoderma with benomyl,
carbendazim and propiconazole is
prohibited
Spraying Trichoderma in the evening
SAWADEE

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