Electric Current and Circuits

DAV INSTITUTIONS
ODISHA ZONE- 1
SUBJECT: SCIENCE, CLASS: VI
TOPIC:
ELECTRIC CURRENTS AND CIRCUITS
Prepared By:
Ms. Kajal Mishra
DAV Public School Rajabagicha, Cuttack
Book Link: PDF format
BOOK - THE LIVING WORLD

PUBLICATION - D.A.V. CMC
CLASS - VI
TOPIC - ELECTRIC CURRENTS AND CIRCUITS
LINK OF THE CHAPTER

LEARNING OBJECTIVES
Students will be able to:
remember
recall hydroelectricity.
identify devices which require electricity.
understand
give examples of devices that use electric cells.
classify different types of cells.
explain different parts of an electric torch.
apply
demonstrate open and closed circuits.
draw the symbols of different parts of an electric circuit.
prepare a concept map of the chapter.
analyze
differentiate between primary cells and secondary cells.
distinguish between a conductor and an insulator.
evaluate
compare the similarities and dissimilarities between led bulbs and cfls.
create
create an electric circuit using fruit cell.
role play of the various safety measures to be followed while handling electrical appliances in day-to-day life .
INTRODUCTION
Click
BULB
METRO RAIL
MICROWAVE WASHING MACHINE
ELECTRIC TORCH
 It consists of three main parts :
i. An electric bulb.
ii. An electric cell or a battery (combination of electric cells).
iii. An ON/ OFF switch.
 When we press the switch of the electric torch, electricity starts

flowing from the electric cell to the electric bulb.
 It flows through thin metallic strips which acts as the connecting wires that heats up the filament of
the bulb.
 Therefore, the bulb glows.

ELECTRIC CELLS
 These are devices that produce electricity from metals

and chemicals stored inside them.
 The cells stop working when the chemicals get used up.
 The most common cells used in electric torches are called dry cells.
 Each cell has two terminals known as positive and negative terminals.
 The central metal cap acts as the positive terminal and the metal case acts
as the negative terminal.
 The positive terminal of one electric cell is connected to the
negative terminal of the next electric cell.
ACTIVITY – 1
(FRUIT CELL)
Vegetables and Fruits: A Source of Energy
BATTERY
 It is a combination of electric cells.
 Mainly used in torch, radio, car, scooter, inverter, etc.
 The inner ear of mammals contains a natural battery

that changes the vibration of the ear drum into electric signal.
 Electric cells used in our wrist watches look like a button known as button cells.
TYPES OF ELECTRIC CELLS
PRIMARY CELLS SECONDARY CELLS

Primary cells are batteries that cannot Secondary cells are batteries that can
be recharged or reused. be recharged or reused.
Irreversible reactions occur. Reversible reactions

occur.
Can be used only once. Can be used more than once.
Used in portable devices as they Needs to be charged before use and
produce current immediately. are used
in automobiles.
Have lower self-discharge rates and Have a higher self-discharge rate
can be used for long term storage of compared to primary cells so can be
power. used for short term storage of power.
ELECTRIC BULB
 It converts electrical energy into light energy.

 It consists of a glass bulb inside which thin metal wire
called filament made up of tungsten wire is supported by
two thick copper wires.
 One of these thick wires is connected to the metal case
and the other to the metallic tip at the bottom of the bulb
called terminals.
 The two terminals are connected in such a way that they do not touch each other.
 The inside of electric bulb is filled with an inert gas like argon or nitrogen.
THREE TYPES OF ELECTRIC BULB
LIGHT EMITTING
DIODE (LED)
INCANDESCENT COMPACT
BULB FLORESCENT
LAMP (CFL)
ELECTRIC
BULB
INCANDESCENT BULB
 It generates light when electric current heats a tungsten filament wire.
 The life of such a bulb is too short about 1000 hours.
 It is very fragile and needs to be handled very carefully.
 It is less efficient and its operating cost is high.

LIGHT EMITTING DIODE (LED)
 LED based lamps are very eco friendly.
 It has a long life and consume very little power.
 These are designed as a more energy-efficient light source.
 The only disadvantage is that its cost is somewhat high.

COMPACT FLORESCENT LAMP
(CFL)
 CFL has a longer life and consume very little power.
 It contains mercury vapour which emits visible light.
 Therefore, it is not considered as eco friendly.
 It is less energy efficient than LED.

ACTIVITY--22
ACTIVITY
Origami Paper Electric Bulb

ELECTRIC CURRENT
 It is a flow of electricity through a wire or a device.
 The electric cell, battery or the mains are the

sources of the electric current.
 The direction of current is from its positive terminal

to its negative terminal via electric wire.
 The current enters the device through its one terminal and leaves it through its other terminal.
ELECTRIC CIRCUIT
 It is a complete path through which an electric current flows.

 Three parts are required to make an electric circuit:
i) A source of electricity (cell or battery).
ii) A path for flow of electric current (connecting wires).
iii) A switch or a device that can
start or stop the flow of current.
TYPES OF ELECTRIC CIRCUIT
 CLOSED CIRCUIT
 A complete path through which an electric current
is flowing.
 For example:
A bulb will glow if a circuit is closed.
 OPEN CIRCUIT
 A circuit is said to be open when there is a gap in the
current flow or the path of the circuit is broken.
 For example:
A bulb will not glow if the circuit is open.
ACTIVITY - 3
Demonstration on Open and Closed Circuits

ELECTRIC SWITCH
 It is a device that helps us to start and stop the flow of current.
 The switch has two positions:

i) ON position (makes the current flow)
ii) OFF position (stops the current flow)
 The metallic slider of an electric torch is one type of an electric switch.

ACTIVITY - 4
LIST THE DIFFERENT ELECTRICAL DEVICES IN TERMS OF THEIR

SWITCHES IN A TABULAR FORM:
APPLIANCES/ DEVICES APPLIANCES/ DEVICES APPLIANCES/ DEVICES

WITHOUT SWITCHES WITH ONE SWITCH WITH MORE THAN ONE
SWITCH
ELECTRONIC WATCH FAN TELEVISION
MOBILE PHONE TUBE LIGHT AIR CONDITIONER
LAPTOP STUDY LAMP MICROWAVE

USE OF SYMBOLS IN ELECTRIC
CIRCUITS
EXPERIENTIAL LEARNING
Mini Torch
CONDUCTORS
 Materials which allow electricity to pass through them are called conductors.
 Examples:
o METALS
 Silver
 Gold GRAPHITE
ALUMINIUM
 Copper
 Aluminium
o NON-METALS
 Graphite COPPER
INSULATORS
 Materials which do not allow electricity to pass through them are called insulators.
 Examples:
 Plastic
 Glass
 Bakelite
 Wood
RUBBER TYRE BAKELITE RING
 Rubber
GLASS
ACTIVITY - 5
Activity on Conductors and Insulators
SAFETY MEASURES
 Do not touch electrical devices with wet hands.

 Never open an electrical device when connected to the mains.
 Never go near any electrical set up with “DANGER” sign.
 Use rubber gloves and sandals while handling electrical appliances.
 Consult an electrician before using any electrical device.
ART INTEGRATION
Graphite Circuit Using A Graphite Pencil

ELECTRIC MIND PRIMARY
CELL
TORCH
MAP
ELECTRIC
CELL
SECONDARY
INCANDESCEN CELL
T BULB
INSULATOR
BULB
ELECTRIC Does not allow current to
LED pass through, e.g., plastic
CURRENT
ELECTRIC CIRCUIT CONDUCTOR

CFLs The path through which Allows current to pass
electric current flows through, e.g., copper
CLOSED
OPEN
CIRCUIT
CIRCUIT
LEARNING OUTCOMES
At the end of the chapter the students will be able to:
 describe electricity.
 identify open and closed circuits.
 list different fruits and vegetables that act as an electric cell.
 compare the led lamps with cfls.
 discuss the three important parts of an electric circuit.
 compare the different types of electric cells.
 design an electric circuit using the symbols.
WORKSHEETS
WORKSHEETS
MODEL QUESTIONS AND
MARKING SCHEME
MODEL QUESTION PAPER
MARKING SCHEME
THANK YOU

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DAV INSTITUTIONS

BOOK - THE LIVING WORLD

LINK OF THE CHAPTER

 When we press the switch of the electric torch, electricity starts

 Therefore, the bulb glows.

 These are devices that produce electricity from metals

 It is a combination of electric cells.

 Mainly used in torch, radio, car, scooter, inverter, etc.

 The inner ear of mammals contains a natural battery

PRIMARY CELLS SECONDARY CELLS

Irreversible reactions occur. Reversible reactions

 It converts electrical energy into light energy.

 It generates light when electric current heats a tungsten filament wire.

 The life of such a bulb is too short about 1000 hours.

 It is very fragile and needs to be handled very carefully.

 It is less efficient and its operating cost is high.

 LED based lamps are very eco friendly.

 It has a long life and consume very little power.

 These are designed as a more energy-efficient light source.

 The only disadvantage is that its cost is somewhat high.

 It contains mercury vapour which emits visible light.

 Therefore, it is not considered as eco friendly.

 It is less energy efficient than LED.

Origami Paper Electric Bulb

 It is a flow of electricity through a wire or a device.

 The electric cell, battery or the mains are the

 The direction of current is from its positive terminal

 It is a complete path through which an electric current flows.

Demonstration on Open and Closed Circuits

 It is a device that helps us to start and stop the flow of current.

 The switch has two positions:

 The metallic slider of an electric torch is one type of an electric switch.

LIST THE DIFFERENT ELECTRICAL DEVICES IN TERMS OF THEIR

APPLIANCES/ DEVICES APPLIANCES/ DEVICES APPLIANCES/ DEVICES

MOBILE PHONE TUBE LIGHT AIR CONDITIONER

LAPTOP STUDY LAMP MICROWAVE

 Do not touch electrical devices with wet hands.

Graphite Circuit Using A Graphite Pencil

ELECTRIC CIRCUIT CONDUCTOR

At the end of the chapter the students will be able to:

MODEL QUESTION PAPER

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