Implications of Digital Technologies

INNOVATIVE WORLD
SCHOOL
INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION

TECHNOLOGY(ICT)
IMPLICATIONS OF DIGITAL DEVICES

IMPLICATION OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES
 Digital Technologies:
 Digital technologies are powerful tools.
 Digital technologies has changed the way in which people share
and use information, images, music and films.
 Digital technologies forces people to rethink and question.
 Digital technologies provides new ways of improving people’s
health and safety, while at the same time it can put people’s
health and safety at risk.
 Digital technologies helps to understand and control their impact
on the environment, but also creates new ways in which people
can damage the environment.
 Data Protection Law:
 Some countries have laws to ensure that, when data is stored about
individuals, that data is protected.
 For example,
 Singapore – the Personal Data Protection Act.
 The main powers, duties, and responsibilities of the PDPC are as follows:
 to promote awareness of data protection in Singapore;
 to provide consultancy, advisory, technical, managerial, or other specialist
services relating to data protection;
 to conduct research and studies, promote educational activities relating to
data protection, including organising and conducting seminars, workshops
and symposium;
 to manage technical co-operation and exchange in the area of data
protection with other organisations, including foreign data protection
authorities and international or inter governmental organisations, on its
own behalf or on behalf of the Government.
 UK – the Data Protection Act.
 Everyone responsible for using personal data has to follow strict rules
called ‘data protection principles’. They must make sure the
information is:
 used fairly, lawfully and transparently
 used for specified, explicit purposes
 used in a way that is adequate, relevant and limited to only what
is necessary
 accurate and, where necessary, kept up to date
 kept for no longer than is necessary
 handled in a way that ensures appropriate security, including
protection against unlawful or unauthorised processing, access,
loss, destruction or damage.
 India – the Data Protection Act.
 Indiadoes not have a specific legislation enacted primarily for
data protection.
 India’s regulatory mechanism for data protection and privacy is
the Information Technology Act, 2000 (“the IT Act”) and its
corresponding Information Technology (Reasonable Security
Practices and Procedures and Sensitive Personal Data or
Information) Rules, 2011 (“the IT Rules”).
 In addition to this, personal data is also protected under Article 21
of the Indian Constitution which guarantees to every citizen, the
Right to Privacy as a fundamental right.
 The Supreme Court has held in a number of cases that information
about a person and the right to access that information by that
person is also covered within the ambit of right to privacy.
 Privacy Shield Framework:
 Some countries have international agreements that mean that data
can be transferred between countries in the knowledge that they will
receive adequate protection.
 For Example,
 EU-ES Privacy Shield Framework, which aims to ensure that data
is protected when it is transferred between the United States of
America and countries in the European Union (EU).
 This is important for American companies like Microsoft, Amazon,
Twitter and Google, all of which have large data storage centres
in the Republic of Ireland.
 Copyright Legislation:
 Copyright is a legal power that provides the creator of an original
work with the sole authority to use and distribute it.
 Individual countries have their own laws relating to copyright.
 Individuals and Organisations must obey the laws of the countries in
which they operate.
 When a user downloads original work such as software, books, music,
images or videos, the work that they download may be protected by
copyright.
 Copyright owners can choose to distribute their works under licences
that users must pay for.
 Copyright owners can also choose to distribute their works under free
licences such as open source.
Copyright Legislation:
When a customer pays for apps, books,
music, images or videos, they pay for
the right to use them, but this does not
usually include the right to distribute
them to others.
DRM Digital Rights Management is used
by owners of digital works to check
whether the copyright is broken or not.
Geoblocking is often used to prevent
online users from accessing digital
content.
Thisprevents users in countries with legal
frameworks from accessing copyrighted
work.
Continued…
https://creativecommons.org/about/videos/creat
ive-commons-kiwi/
Continued…
 Monitoring Individuals:
 Digital technologies can be used to monitor individuals.
 Individual movements can be monitored in many methods.
 For example,
 Closed Circuit Television (CCTV)
 Automatic Number Plate Recognition (ANPR) cameras
 Internet Protocol (IP) or Media Access Control (MAC) address
 Global Positioning System (GPS)
 Monitoring the use of identification cards, travel cards, passports at
borders and bank card transactions.
 https://
www.slideshare.net/SiddharthModi1/face-recognition-tech
nology-27574561
MONITORING INDIVIDUALS
 Closed Circuit Television (CCTV):
 Closed-circuit television (CCTV), also known as video
surveillance, is the use of video cameras to transmit a signal to a
specific place, on a limited set of monitors. It differs
from broadcast television.
CLOSED CIRCUIT TELEVISION (CCTV)
 CCTV using infra-red light:
 Anti Surveillance Clothing:
 Latest challenge to facial recognition is Anti Surveillance
Clothing, aimed at confusing facial recognition algorithms.
 Anti Surveillance eyewear infrared:
 Automatic Number Plate Recognition (ANPR) Cameras:
 Automatic Number Plate Recognition (ANPR) is a highly
accurate system capable of reading vehicle number plates
without human intervention.
 Application:
 Parking
 Access Control
 Motorway Road Tolling
 Border Control
 Law Enforcement
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VWGFr7g0qxU
SUSTAINABILITY ISSUES
 The use of ICT can negatively affect the environment.
 It can use up natural resources and contributes to long-term harm to the ecology of the
planet.
 Three ways in which the use of ICT can cause sustainability issues are:
 Power requirements of digital devices.
 Power requirements of Cooling systems in data centres
 Use of poisonous substances such as bromine, mercury and chloride in digital devices.
 Singapore NEA e-waste recycling – https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g0MGp3_BF3A
 India e-waste recycling - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4JYtUKujZfY
 Activity:
 Investigate some of the metals used inside the smart phones.
 Does your country have an e-waste recycling system? What guidance on e-waste recycling is
provided by your government?

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INNOVATIVE WORLD

INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION

IMPLICATIONS OF DIGITAL DEVICES

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