Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 50 views

    DNA Structure

    Uploaded by

    Ohhh Okay
    DNA contains the genetic code for life. It is made up of a polynucleotide chain with a phosphate backbone and nitrogenous bases attached. The bases pair up through hydrogen bonding between adenine and thymine, and cytosine and guanine. This base pairing allows DNA to replicate itself and pass genetic information between generations.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    DNA Structure

    Uploaded by

    Ohhh Okay
    50 views15 pages
    DNA contains the genetic code for life. It is made up of a polynucleotide chain with a phosphate backbone and nitrogenous bases attached. The bases pair up through hydrogen bonding between adenine and thymine, and cytosine and guanine. This base pairing allows DNA to replicate itself and pass genetic information between generations.

    Original Description:

    Dna ppt

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    DNA contains the genetic code for life. It is made up of a polynucleotide chain with a phosphate backbone and nitrogenous bases attached. The bases pair up through hydrogen bonding between adenine and thymine, and cytosine and guanine. This base pairing allows DNA to replicate itself and pass genetic information between generations.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    50 views15 pages

    DNA Structure

    Uploaded by

    Ohhh Okay
    DNA contains the genetic code for life. It is made up of a polynucleotide chain with a phosphate backbone and nitrogenous bases attached. The bases pair up through hydrogen bonding between adenine and thymine, and cytosine and guanine. This base pairing allows DNA to replicate itself and pass genetic information between generations.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    You are on page 1of 15

    DNA

    Code
    for
    Life
    DNA
    Nitrogenous Bases
    Molecular basis of DNA Structure
    • Polynucleotide chain – sugar phosphate back bone
    having nitrogenous base attached to it.
    • Phosphodiester Bond – the backbone of DNA
    • Nucleotide has three elements – phosphate,
    pentose sugar, nitrogenous base
    • Pairing between Nitrogenous base is not chemical….
    • Base Stacking – Allows millions of base pairs lie one
    above the other
    Chargaff Rule
    • Erwin Chargaff “A pairs with T & C pairs with G
    • C – G bond stronger than A – T (amount of heat
    required to separate the DNA strand increases with
    increase in G + C )
    • Base composition – % of G + C in terms of % of total
    base
    differs among species but is constant in all cells of an
    organism and within a species.
    Human being – A 29.8, T- 31.8, G-20.2, C -18.2, G+C-
    38.4
    • A+ G = C + T that is purines = pyrimidines
    Evaluate yourself
    1. The base sequence for complete set of
    chromosomes --------
    2. Nucleotide is made of --------, ----------- & -------
    3. Phosphodiester bond is the bond between ----
    4. Purines and pyrimidines are ------------
    5. Number of hydrogen bond between adenine and
    thyamine -----------
    6. Arrangement of base pairs in DNA ---------
    7. The base composition for a species remains --------
    Answers
    1. Genome
    2. Pentose sugar, phosphate group, nitrogenous
    base
    3. Pentose sugar & phosphate group
    4. Nitrogenous bases
    5. 2
    6. Base stacking
    7. constant
    Watson Crick Model
    The Double Helix Structure
    • Right hand twisted helix
    • Each turn measures 34 Å
    • Bases are spaced at 3.4 Å
    • Ten base pairs in each helical strand
    • Bases are perpendicular to the sugar
    phosphate backbone but stacked parallel to
    each other
    • Grooves - The major & the minor groove,
    provide binding site for the proteins.
    •Read from 5’ to 3’ direction.
    Labels  indicate  free carbon on
    sugar phosphate backbone ( 5’
    has terminal PO4 & 3’ has free
    OH)
    •DNA Length measured in base
    pair  (BP) units
    •1kb = 1000bp
    Shortest human DNA 4.6x107
    •Sugar lie above and below the
    plane containing  the base pair
    Some facts…..
    • DNA is a very dynamic molecule
    • Satisfy the criteria for genetic material
    - can make a copy of itself
    - should code for life
    - allow for changes in progeny
    Points to ponder…..

    • An important part of understanding biology is


    learning its language. 
    • Biologists, like many scientists, use technical
    terms in order to be precise about reference.
    • Getting a grasp on this terminology makes a
    great deal of the biological literature
    accessible to the non-specialist
    Terms learnt so far…..
    • Genome • Helix
    • Nucleotide • Groove
    • Nitrogenous bases • Progeny
    • Purines & pyrimidines • Reverse and forward
    • Base Pair strand
    • Base stacking • 5’ & 3’
    • Single strand
    • Double strand

    You might also like