History Orissa
History Orissa
History Orissa
ARCHITECTURE
GROUP : 6
DEV SAINI
ANKITA THODIMELA
MAHESHWARA RAO
ABRAHAM JOY
MANOJ KUMAR
APOORVA GAJHBHIYE
SUMIT YADAV
INTRODUCTION
The design which flourished in state of orissa are called Kalinga style of architecture.
In these the Indo-Aryan style of architecture may be seen as its best and purest.
Although orissa presents a fairly large variety of styles in temple building, it has
nevertheless a characteristic architectural genius
The style consists of three distinct type of temples namely rekha deula, pidha deula
and khakhara deula.
Deula means ‘temple’ in local language. the former two are associated with vishnu,
surya and shiva temple while the third is mainly with chamunda and durga temples.
The rekha deula and khakhara deula houses the sanctum sanctorum while the pidha
deula constitutes outer dancing and offering halls.
The prominent examples of rekha deula are lingaraj temple at bhubaneshwar and
jagannath temple of puri.
The interior is plain, featureless but exterior walls are profusely ornamented.
Due to the religious ritual developments other buildings were added in front, by ‘nat-
mandir’ or ‘dancing hall’ e.g: THE SUN TEMPLE AT KONARK, JAGANNATH TEMPLE AT PURI,
LINGARAJA TEMPLE, MUKTESWAR TEMPLE AT BHUVANESWAR.
THE SUN TEMPLE AT KONARK
In Sthala purana it is mentioned that surya, the sun god rising from the ocean in his
chariot of gold cast his shadow on this very spot. the magnificant temple was therefore built
to glory ‘surya’ the sun god at konark.
Standing in lone splendour, some 32 km from puri, this incompleted temple of great mass
of sandstone of soft colour of leather, rising like a pyramidal mound amidst the sand dunes,
2 km off the sea-shore is also known as BLACK-PAGODA
The temple is formed like ratha (wheeled chariot) being carried by seven horses.
On its three sides i.e south, west and north, there are three subsidiary shrines with
stairways leading to niches each containing the life-size image of the Sun-God.
A refectory and a number of shrines enclosed with a large courtyard about 265 m by 165
m with three large gateways.
The Nat-mandir is as its facing and is square in plan. The walls are fully sculpted
with beautiful dancers playing on musical instruments. Two gracefully carved
elephants guard its entrance.
In order to sustain the weight of the huge kalasa over the pida the entire ceiling is
strenthened with iron grid.
The interior which is sealed now consisted of one. large cell, 20 m side length, its
walls are plain and ceiling is supported on four large soled piers.
LINGARAJ TEMPLE AT BHUVANESHWAR
The great lingaraja temple, believed to have been built around 1000 A.D
The temple had originally only two apartments, the deula and jagamohan
and the nat-mandir and bhog-mandir are added probably a century or more
later, all enclosing in a court yard measuring 142 m X 158 m.
The entrance of the temple is flanked by two large stone statues of lions.
The bada or lower storey is vertical one-third of its height and above, it
has parabolic curve rising to a height of 38 m from the ground
PLAN OF LINGARAJA
TEMPLE
TEMPLE OF JAGANNATH AT PURI
The temple is nearly a replica
of the temple at bhuvaneshwar.
Repeated renovations,
carried out with no respect for
the original, added to the
deterioration. Many of the parts
have been lime-washed.
MUKTESHEWAR TEMPLE AT BHUWANESHWAR
An important landmark in the
architectural development in
bhuwaneshwar is small
mukteshwar temple, dating
from 950 A.D – 975 A.D
Entrance – torana –
semicircular arch carried by
two pillars
length – 14 m
width – 8 m
shikhara height – 11 m
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