Arsitektur Dasar Sistem Seluler

ARSITEKTUR DASAR
SISTEM SELULER
R.A. Halimatussa.diyah, S.T., M. Kom.

BSS = Base Station Subsystem
NSS = Network Switching Subsystem
NMS = Network Management Subsystem
Sistem Seluler Analog ( 1G)
Mulaiberkembang pertengahan tahun 1980.
Contoh teknologi:
◦ Advanced Mobile Phone System (AMPS) di Amerika;
◦ Nordic Mobile Telephone (NMT) di Inggris;
◦ Total Access Communications System (TACS) di
beberapa negara Eropa.
Sistemmirip, tetapi tidak saling compatible
Frequency band di range 800 - 900 MHz (NMT
= 450 MHz)
FDMA
Sistem Seluler Digital (2G)
Berkembang tengah tahun 1990
Contoh:
◦ GSM
◦ CDMA
GSM (Global System for Mobile
Communication)
2 teknologi berbasis GSM:
◦ DCS-1800 (Digital Selular System 1800MHz)
 Eropa, 1,8GHz band
◦ GSM-1900  Amerika, 1,9 GHz band
◦ MS = SIM(Subscriber Identity Modul) +
ME(Mobile Equipment)
STRUKTUR JARINGAN GSM
MSC
the MSC establishes calls by switching
the incoming channels into outgoing
channels.
It also controls the communications,
releases connections, and collects
charging information.
HLR
All subscriber parameters for each mobile user are
permanently stored in one HLR.
 The HLR provides a well-known and fixed location for
variable routing information.
The main functions of the HLR are as follows:
◦ Storage of the subscriber data, for example, services available
for this subscriber;
◦ Location registration and call handling, central store for
subscriber location data;
◦ Support for encryption and authentication;
◦ Handling of supplementary services (e.g., barring or call
transfer);
◦ Support for the short message service.
VLR
The VLR provides local storage for all of the variables and functions
needed to handle calls to and from the mobile subscribers in the area
related to that VLR.
The information is stored in the VLR as long as the mobile station
stays in that area.
The main functions of the VLR are as follows:
◦ Storage of data for subscribers located in its area;
◦ Management and allocation of the local identity codes to avoid frequent use
of a global identity on the radio path for security reasons;
◦ Location registration and call handling;
◦ Authentication;
◦ Support of encryption;
◦ Support for handover;
◦ Handling of supplementary services;
◦ Support for SMS.
AuC
The security data of a subscriber are
stored in the AuC that contains a
subscriber-specific security key,
encryption algorithms, and a random
generator.
The AuC produces subscriber-specific
security data with defined algorithms and
gives it to the HLR, which distributes
them to the VLR.
EIR
The EIR is a database that contains
information about mobile terminal equipment.
There is a white list for the terminals that are
allowed to use the service, a gray list for
terminals that need to be held under
surveillance, and a black list for stolen mobile
terminals.
Those terminals whose serial numbers are
found on the black list are not allowed to use
the network.
Transcoder and Rate Adapter Unit (TRAU)
A transcoder (TC) is needed to make conversions

between GSM voice coding (13 or 7 Kbps) and
PCM coding (64 Kbps), which is used in the fixed
network.
In the case of data transmission, transcoding is
disabled. For data, a rate adapter unit (RAU) is
needed to adapt MS data service to service
provided by the external network.
The functions of the TC and RAU are often
combined into a single piece of equipment called
a transcoder and rate adapterunit (TRAU).
IWF
Itenables interworking between a PLMN
and a fixed network, for example, an
ISDN, a PSTN, and a public switched
data network.
Interface di Jaringan GSM
The interface between the MSC and BSC is called the A-interface It is
standardized and BSSs and MSCs from different vendors at the opposite
side of the interface are compatible. Speech is PCM coded at this
interface.
Another important interface is the Abis-interface between the BTS and
SC. At this interface speech is GSM coded, which requires less
transmission capacity than the PCM coding.
The Abis-interface is not completely standardized and, as a consequence,
both BTSs and BSCs have to be purchased from the same manufacturer.
The Ater-interface is not standardized either but it is used for terrestrial
connections between the BSC
and MSC.
Speech is GSM coded at the Ater-interface and the transmission 216
Introduction to Telecommunications Network Engineering capacity
needed at the Ater-interface is one-fourth of the capacity of the A-
interface.
GSM
Fungsi Subsistem GSM
Perangkat BTS

Arsitektur Dasar Sistem Seluler

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ARSITEKTUR DASAR

R.A. Halimatussa.diyah, S.T., M. Kom.

A transcoder (TC) is needed to make conversions

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