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    3refraction of Light

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    hardik garg
    Refraction of light occurs when light passes from one medium to another at an angle. It is caused by a change in the speed of light between the different media. When light travels from an optically less dense medium to a more dense medium, it bends towards the normal. Examples of refraction include a pencil appearing displaced when partly submerged in water, and letters appearing raised when viewed through a glass slab. The refractive index is a measure of how much the direction of light changes and is defined as the ratio of the speed of light in a vacuum to its speed in the medium.

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    3refraction of Light

    Uploaded by

    hardik garg
    44 views33 pages
    Refraction of light occurs when light passes from one medium to another at an angle. It is caused by a change in the speed of light between the different media. When light travels from an optically less dense medium to a more dense medium, it bends towards the normal. Examples of refraction include a pencil appearing displaced when partly submerged in water, and letters appearing raised when viewed through a glass slab. The refractive index is a measure of how much the direction of light changes and is defined as the ratio of the speed of light in a vacuum to its speed in the medium.

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    3Refraction of Light

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    Refraction of light occurs when light passes from one medium to another at an angle. It is caused by a change in the speed of light between the different media. When light travels from an optically less dense medium to a more dense medium, it bends towards the normal. Examples of refraction include a pencil appearing displaced when partly submerged in water, and letters appearing raised when viewed through a glass slab. The refractive index is a measure of how much the direction of light changes and is defined as the ratio of the speed of light in a vacuum to its speed in the medium.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    44 views33 pages

    3refraction of Light

    Uploaded by

    hardik garg
    Refraction of light occurs when light passes from one medium to another at an angle. It is caused by a change in the speed of light between the different media. When light travels from an optically less dense medium to a more dense medium, it bends towards the normal. Examples of refraction include a pencil appearing displaced when partly submerged in water, and letters appearing raised when viewed through a glass slab. The refractive index is a measure of how much the direction of light changes and is defined as the ratio of the speed of light in a vacuum to its speed in the medium.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 33

    Refraction of light

    REFRACTION OF LIGHT:
    The change in direction of light when it passes
    from one medium to another obliquely, is called
    refraction of light. In other words, the bending of
    light when it goes from one medium to another
    obliquely is called refraction of light.
    SOME EXAMPLES FROM
    DAILY LIFE
    A pencil partly immersed in water in a glass tumbler appears to be
    displaced at the interface of air and water
    A pencil partly immersed in water in a glass
    tumbler appears to be displaced at the interface
    of air and water

    The light reaching you from the portion of the pencil


    inside water seems to come from a different direction,
    compared to the part above water. This makes the pencil
    appear to be displaced at the interface
    The bottom of a tank or a pond containing water appears to be raised
    A lemon kept in water in a glass tumbler appears to be bigger than its
    actual size, when viewed from the sides
    RESULT :
    We are not able to pick the coin in one go
    because due to refraction of light the coin
    appears to be raised
    from its actual position .Thus when we try
    to pick it up we go for the image rather than
    the object itself
    RESULT:
    We will find that on adding water, the coin
    appears to rise and we are able to see it .
    The coin under water appears to be raised
    (and becomes visible) due to the
    refraction of light which takes place when
    it goes from water into air.
    When a thick glass slab is placed over some printed matter,
    the letters appear raised when viewed through the glass slab
    RESULT:
    When we keep the glass slab over some
    printed matter, the light coming from the
    letters (after refraction ) face change of
    medium at glass-air interface. Since glass
    has more refractive index than air, the light
    bends away from the normal as it goes out
    of glass. This apparently causes us to see
    the letters raised. 
    REASON FOR REFRACTION
    OF LIGHT

    Speed of light:

    In vacuum= 3 x108m/s

    In air= Slightly less than the speed of light in vacuum.

    Light travels with different speed in different


    medium. It travels fastest in vacuum.
    REASON FOR REFRACTION
    OF LIGHT

    The speed of light is different in different substances.

    The refraction of light is due to the change in the speed


    of
    light on going from one medium to another.

    Thus, when light goes from one medium to another, its


    speed changes. And this change in speed of light causes
    the refraction of light.
    MEDIUM : A transparent substance in
    which light travels is known as a medium.

    Medium can be divided into two types:

    1. Optically rarer medium: A medium in


    which the speed of light is more is known
    as optically rarer medium (or less dense
    medium)
    2.Optically denser medium: A medium in
    which the speed of light is less is known
    as optically rarer medium (or more dense
    medium) Glass is an optically denser
    medium than air and water.
    REFRACTION OF LIGHT AT DIFFERENT INTERFACE
    OF MEDIUMS:
    The Refractive
    Index It is denoted
    as ‘n’
    Refractive Index is the extent of change of direction of light in a given
    pair of media. The refractive index is a relative value of speed of light in
    the given pair of media.
    ABSOLUTE REFRACTIVE INDEX:
    When the first medium is air or vacuum and the other
    medium 2 is glass/water or any other medium, then
    refractive index of medium 2 is considered with respect to
    vacuum. It is known as Absolute Refractive Index of the
    medium.
    KEY POINT TO REMEMBER:
    NUMERICALS
    Find the Absolute refractive index of
    diamond ?
    The refractive index of diamond
    is 2.42. What is the meaning of
    this statement?

    By saying that the refractive index of


    diamond is 2.42, we mean that the ratio
    of speed of light in air and speed of light
    in diamond is equal to 2.42

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