Republic of the Philippines

DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT AND NATURAL RESOURCES

Sarangani Bay Protected Seascape (SBPS)
PROTECTED AREA MANAGEMENT OFFICE (PAMO)

SBPS IN A
NUTSHELL
Joy C. Ologuin
PASu-SBPS Designate
Sarangani Bay Protected Seascape
 Sarangani Bay Protected Seascape

Proclaimed as Protected Seascape by virtue of Presidential

Proclamation No. 756, Series of 1996
One of the 94 PAs officially legislated by Republic Act No.
11038 or the ENIPAS Act of 2018.
Total area of 210,887.69 hectares with 227.062 km.
coastline
BIOLOGICAL FEATURES
 SBPS BIOLOGICAL FEATURES

411 REEF FISH SPECIES IN 46 FAMILIES

4 SPECIES OF MARINE TURTLES (HAWKSBILL,
GREEN, OLIVE RIDLEY, LOGGERHEAD)
11 SPECIES OF CETACEANS
 SBPS BIOLOGICAL FEATURES
WHALE SHARK
MAMENG (NAPOLEON WRASSE)
SUN FISH
GIANT CLAMS
SHORE BIRDS
25 SPECIES OF MANGROVE
12 SPECIES OF SEAGRASS
TWENTY FIVE
(25) MANGROVE
SPECIES IN SBPS
Mangrove Species, Distribution and Status
SEAGRASS
12 species were recorded
   Coastal Municipalities of SBPS
Conservation
Species
Common Name Maitum Kiamba Maasim General Alabel Malapatan Glan Status
Santos City
Family Cymodoceaceae
Syringodium
isoetifolium Noodle grass * * * * * * * Least concern
Halodule uninervis Needle grass   * * * * - * Least concern
Halodule pinifolia Needle grass * * * * * * * Least concern
Smooth ribbon
Cymodocea rotundata grass * * * * * * * Least concern
Serrated ribbon
Cymodocea serrulata grass - * * * * * * Least concern
Thalassodendron Sickled-leaved - - - - - - * Least concern
ciliatum grass
Family Hydrocharitaceae
Thalassia hemprichii Sickled-leaf grass - * * * * * * Least concern
Halophila ovalis Spoon grass * * * * * * * Least concern
Halophila minor Small spoon grass * * * * * * * Least concern
Halophila spinulosa Fern grass - * * * - * - Least concern
Halophila decipiens Paddle grass * - - * - * - Least concern
Enhalus acoroides Broadblade - * * * * * * Least concern
seagrass
Total number of species present 6 10 10 11 9 10 10
50.48
Seagrass Coverage 9.39% 16.18% 19.94% 40.13% 45.05% 41.62% %  
Rather Rather Rather
Seagrass Condition Bad Bad Bad Good
good good good
 Seagrass Areas of SBPS
Seagrass
600 Cover (Hectares)
564.98

500

400 375.28

300
HEctares

200 167.02
156.06

100
56.44 54.3
39.22
0
Maitum Kiamba Maasim General Alabel Malapatan Glan
Santos City
CORAL REEFS
60 important live hard
coral genera recorded
SBPS Coral Reefs
 Characterized by steep and gently
sloping fringing reefs with an
estimated area of about 2293.564
hectares
 25-50% cover of live hard coral
 Substrate composition is mostly
rubble, rock, sand and or combination
of two or more substrates with some
portion with silt.
 CORAL AREAS OF SBPS
800.00

Seagrass
700.00
Cover (Hectares) 682.80
619.57
600.00

500.00
403.08
HECTARES

400.00

300.00 253.74
200.00 188.11
161.27 140.73
100.00

0.00
Maitum Kiamba Maasim General Alabel Malapatan Glan
Santos City
REEF FISHES AND FISHERY
RESOURCES
543 Species; 180 Genera; 74 Families
Fisheries and Aquaculture
 Capture fisheries utilize the whole
area of SBPS from Pinol Point
(Maitum) to Tinaca Point (Glan).
 The main aquaculture areas are in
Glan, Alabel, Malapatan, and
General Santos City.
 Highest catch of squids (Loligo
spp.) at Maasim; Flying fishes
(Cypselurus spp.) at Maitum; and
small shrimps (Ascetes sp.) at
General Santos City.
Reef Fishes
 161 sp. Demersal reef species
accounted
 200 sp. reef and reef-associated
fishes
 108 sp. pelagic species identified
 31 sp. soft bottom species and
sand dwellers
 21 sp. estuarine and brackishwater
species
 MANAGEMENT
ISSUES & CONCERNS
Benefits Provided by SBPS
• Presence of Corals and Seagrass
• Wildlife Sightings (Butanding, Pawikan, Pating, Pagi,
Taklobo)
• Mangroves as Nesting Ground
• Mangroves (traps trash and nets)
• Nesting Ground
• Feeding Ground
• Recognition that corals reduce wave action and is
home for fish
• Dugong habitat zone
• Fresh air
Benefits Provided by SBPS
• Source of Fishes
• Source of Income
• Source of shellfish
• Source of Bangus and Talakitok Fry
• Source of Income (Anchorage)
• Source of Eel fry
• Gleaning area
• Seaweed farming
• Venue for studies/research
• Beach Resorts
• Fishponds
Threats, Issues, and Concerns
• Trash and Litter
• Canal/Waste water & Dirty water from creeks
• No proper CR leading to improper disposal of human
waste and open defecation.
• Backyard Piggery
• Fishponds without wastewater facilities
• Flood waters carry dirt and trash to sea
• Improper waste disposal of prawn fams and private
ports
• Air pollution from canning industries
Threats, Issues, and Concerns
• Fine mesh net
• Toxic Fishing
• Likom/Pukot
• Electrocution of fish (controlled)
• Cutting of Mangroves
• Flood zone (Baluan)
• Kaingin of mangroves
• Jet Ski or Water Sports
• Weak enforcement
• Need of signages for protected area
Threats, Issues, and Concerns
• Honorarium of Bantay Dagat
• Inactive bantay dagat
• Lack of patrol boats
• Houses encroaching Protected Area
• Management Plan for Local MPAs
• Need Seminar for preservation and protection
• Gleaning/Panginhas
• Demolition of households
• Less entrance fees for the residents (Bawing)
• Building infrastructure and encroaching developments
Threats, Issues, and Concerns
• Passenger boats with no permits and risk for safety (Bawing)
• Illegal Anchorage
• No fishing zone policy of private companies
 Environmental Issues
ISSUE EFFECTS REASON PROGRAMS & STRATEGIES
Water • Sedimentation • Soil erosion • Management of agricultural runoff
Pollution • Eutrophication • Leaching of to river systems
• Reef fertilizers and • Establishment of water treatment
degradation chemicals facility
• Lack of wastewater • Coastal clean-ups/“Scubasurero”
treatment facility • Implementation of clean water act
• 6 septage and other related laws
treatment facility is • Policy development for the
not in use application of market-based
instruments applying the
“polluter’s fee” principle.
• Periodic monitoring of water
quality, both ambient and effluent
concentrations
 Environmental Issues
PROGRAMS &
ISSUE EFFECTS REASON
STRATEGIES
• Illegal/destructive • Weak management • Regulate fishing
fishing method in terms of the • Establish shellfish culture
• Collision and issues • Establish on-site hatcheries
grounding of • Weak Enforcement for turtles (Protected Turtle
vessels of policies Nesting sites)
• Illegal cutting • Lacks of SWM • Establish marine mammal
• Wastewater program in the rescue response program
Habitat discharge community (equipment, facilities,
destruction • Solid waste • Lack of deputized trainings/capability building,
Bantay Dagat etc.)
disposal
• Strengthening of Sarangani
• Coral bleaching Bay Law Enforcement Group
• Crown of thorn • Effective Enforcement
starfish Protocol
• Drupella (Coral
Snails) infestation
 Environmental Issues
ISSUE EFFECTS REASON PROGRAMS &
STRATEGIES
Solid waste • Decreased • Litter brought by tidal • Implementation
management aesthetics of currents of solid waste
the bay • LGUs still formulating management
• Ecological SWM plan program of the
health • Uneducated coastal community in
deterioration settlers coastal areas
• Provision of
Septic tank
• Provision of Toilet
 Socio-Economic Issues
PROGRAMS &
ISSUE EFFECTS REASON
STRATEGIES
Encroachment • Competition between • No identified • Zonation of
local fishermen and navigational lane navigational lane,
commercial fishing for the commercial docking and
vessels vessels anchoring
• No registration of • PAMB Resolution
conveyances within on Boat permitting
SBPS operating within
the PA
Informal Coastal • Congestion • Poverty • Coastal
Settlers • Unsanitary conditions of • No land tenure resettlement
SBPS programs
• Limited access to potable • Community health
water and sanitation
programs
 Socio-Economic Issues

ISSUE EFFECTS REASON PROGRAMS &

STRATEGIES
Lack of • Shift to • No support from • Alternative Livelihood
alternative illegitimate the government Program
livelihoods means of income • Lack of technical • Social Programs
(poaching, illegal assistance • Provision of technical
fishing, etc.) • Poverty assistance
• Overexploitation • Behavior Change Campaigns
of SBPS’ • Barrier Removal strategies
resources
 Institutional Issues
ISSUE EFFECTS REASON PROGRAMS &
STRATEGIES
“Non-Existent” • Conflict of • No physical markers • Installation of physical
Zonation resource uses of management markers
• Trespassing in zones • Participatory coordination
SPZs • Insufficient IECs and with all concerned
• Non-awareness consultations with stakeholders
of community concerned • Periodic IEC Activities.
and stakeholders stakeholders
Weak law • Overexploitation • Insufficient logistics • Strengthen the capability
enforcement of SBPS’ • Insufficient training program of SBLEG Group
resources of Bantay Dagat and • Strengthen Law
other LGUs on Law Enforcement Team and
Enforcement enhance the legal capacity
• Wide area of SBPS of the PAMB
• Insufficient • Promote coordination
institutional and efforts with enforcing
financial support offices and agencies.
• Non-security of • Improved enforcement
tenure protocol and IEC drives.
 Institutional Issues
ISSUE EFFECTS REASON PROGRAMS &
STRATEGIES
Conflicting & • Confusion among • National policies’ • PAMB-SBPS Technical
Overlapping PA managers and overlapping Working Committees, with
Policies stakeholders jurisdiction PAMO assistance,
• Hampered pertaining to regularly strive to conduct
enforcement utilization of natural consultations with
efforts resources (e.g. concerned agencies to
• Implementation Fisheries Code and identify and address policy
of projects or ENIPAS Act, gaps.
programs within municipal waters
SBPS without and SBPS)
clearance from
PAMB
Milestone Accomplishments
Updating of Protected Area Management Plan approved
through PAMB Resolution No. 2019-074
Crafted a unified Enforcement Protocol Manual and
adopted PAMB Resolution No. 2019-089
Approved and adopted by LGUs SBPS Management
Zoning Thru PAMB Resolution No. 2019-042 following the
procedures of BMB TB 2018-01
As of 2019, the SBPS has 116 documented SAPA-MOA
Holders.
For CY 2020, the SBPS managed to collect a total of PHP
20,943,224.26 for the SBPS Integrated Protected Area
Fund (IPAF)
SPZ 794.96
Multiple Use Zone 210,087.93
MUZ-SPA 2,151.17
MUZ-Fishing zone 3,496.80
MUZ-Infra 22.00
MUZ-Mariculture Zone 156.61
MUZ-Recreational 48.67
MUZ-Navigational lane 7,843.19
MUZ-other subzones 196,369.49
TOTAL 210,882.89
Milestone Accomplishments
Approval of SBPS Manual of Operation thru PAMB
Resolution No. 2019-068
The PAMB-SBPS established the SBPS Megafauna
Response Team by virtue of PAMB-SBPS Resolution No.
2019-018. Immediate responder to reported marine
megafauna sightings and strandings.
Creation of Sarangani Bay Law Enforcement Group
(SBLEG) thru PAMB Resoution 2019-027
The PAMB-SBPS En Banc passed PAMB-SBPS Resolution
No. 2019-013, which declares the 5th Day of March as the
Yearly Celebration of SBPS Day.
Procurement of SBPS Service Vehicle
Initiatives
• ESTABLISHMENT OF SBPS HOTLINE – this is to
encourage stakeholders to immediately relay their
concerns, issues and comments to the PAMO for
appropriate actions. Our Hotline Numbers are 0909-
618-9917 (Smart) & 0995-305-0306 (Globe).
• PROJECT DEVELOPMENT ASSESSMENT TEAM - a
composite was created to conduct site validation and
assessment to SAPA applicants.
• SBPS COASTAL RESOURCE MONITORING TEAM –
responsible to conduct biodiversity monitoring to the
established SPZs composed of LGUs, DENR, BFAR, and
other partner agencies.
Initiatives
• CLEARING OF EASEMENT AREAS – some of the LGUs
are eager to implement the recovery of easement zone
as stipulated in section 20 of ENIPAS e.g. LGU Alabel
• INVENTORY OF STRUCTURES AND FACILITIES – a
composite created thru RSO 2021--002 composed of
LGUs (ENROs, Assessors, Mun. Engrs.) and DENR
CENROs
Initiatives
 IDENTIFICATION OF SBPS RESEARCH AGENDA – With the
identification of the SBPS Research Agenda, the DENR and
PAMB hopes to harmonize all research activities conducted
within SBPS with local institutions and universities, making
their respective research activities more responsive to the
needs of PA managers in addressing data gaps.
 CRAFTING OF PROPOSED BUFFER ZONES – In an effort to
help lessen the pressure on SBPS natural resources, the
DENR in consultation with LGUs has begun the process of
identifying and delineating areas adjacent to SBPS for
inclusion in its buffer zones.
Initiatives
 FORMULATION OF THE SCHEDULE OF ADMINISTRATIVE
FINES APPLICABLE TO SBPS – With the many reported
violations in SBPS, it is essential that there must be a clear
and defined policy to supervise the imposition of
appropriate administrative penalties to violators. Hence,
until the DENR Central Office can come up with said policy
applicable for the whole NIPAS (as provided in Rule 10.2 of
DAO 2019-05, the DENR and PAMB have taken the initiative
to begin formulating a schedule of administrative fines that
is applicable to SBPS.
THANK YOU!