Seminar On Roger'S Theory: Presented BY: Ranjana Sharma M.Sc. (N) 1 Year

SEMINAR ON
ROGER’S THEORY
Presented BY:
Ranjana Sharma
M.Sc.(N)1st Year
“The practice of nursing is not nursing. Rather, it is the
use of nursing knowledge for human betterment.”
BACKGROUND
Martha Elizabeth Rogers
 Early Life
Martha Rogers was born on May 12, 1914. She
was an American nurse, researcher, theorist,
and author widely known for developing
the Science of Unitary Human Beings
She believes that a patient can never be
separated from his or her environment when
addressing health and treatment.
coexistence of the human and his or her
environment contributed a lot in the process of
change toward better health.
EDUCATION
Initially, Martha Rogers wanted to do something

that would, hopefully contribute to like law and
medicine.
Instead, Rogers entered a local hospital that had a
school of nursing.
Diploma : Knoxville General Hospital School of
Nursing(1936)
Graduation in Public Health Nursing : George
Peabody College, 1937
• MA :Teachers college, Columbia university,
New York, 1945
• MPH :Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore,
1952
• Doctorate in nursing :Johns Hopkins University,
Baltimore, 1954
• Position: Professor at Division of Nursing,
New York University and Consultant, Speaker
INTRODUCTION OF THEORY
Martha Rogers’ theory is known as
the Science of Unitary Human Beings
(SUHB).
The theory views nursing as both a science
and art as it provides a way to view the unitary
human being, who is integral with the universe.
The unitary human being and his or her
environment are one.
Nursing focuses on people and the
manifestations that emerge from the mutual
human-environmental field process.
Addresses the importance of the environment

as an integral part of the patient
CONCEPTS
Energy field:
It is inevitable part of life.
Human and environment both have energy
field which is open i.e. energy can freely flow
between human and environment.
we consider oxygen as a main energy.
Energy field cont…
OPENNESS
There is no boundary or barrier that can
inhibit the flow of energy between human and
environment which leads to the continuous
movement or matter of energy
Openness
PATTERN
Pattern is defined as the distinguishing
characteristic of an energy field perceived as a
single waves
pattern is an abstraction and it gives identity
to the field.
Rogers used the concept of pattern to emphasize that
unitary human beings cannot be understood by studying
or summing their parts. each human being has a unique
identifiable pattern.
PAN DIMENSIONALITY
Pan dimensionality is defined as "non linear
domain without spatial or temporal
attributes"
Human being are pan dimensional being and
have more than three dimension.
UNITARY HUMAN BEINGS
PRINCIPLES
• Homeodynamics refers to the balance

between the dynamic life process and
environment.
• Three principle of homeodynamics
– Resonancy
– Helicy
– Integrality
Principle of Resonancy
It speaks to the nature of the change occurring
between human and environmental fields from
lower to higher frequency wave pattern.
These includes things such as sleep-wake
rhythms, hormone levels and fluctuating
emotional states.
The changes that occur to these patterns of
human beings are from lower to higher patterns.
Principle of helicy
The human-environment field is a dynamic,

open system in which change is continuous due
to the constant interchange between the human
and environment.
This change is also innovative. Because of
constant interchange, an open system is never
exactly the same at any two moments; rather,
the system is continually new or different.
Human development is not static and humans
do not ever return to exactly the same place
where they were before.
Unitary persons do not ever go backward in
their development.
Principle of Integrality
Because of the inseparability of human

beings and their environment, sequential
changes in the life processes are continuous
revisions occurring from the interactions
between human beings and their
environment.
Integrality is derived from the word integral to
explain the essential relationship between the
human and environment fields.
Rogers emphasized the continuous mutual
nature of the human-environment field
relationship by the deliberate use of the word
process instead of interaction.
Rather than interaction, which implies a
simple one time episode, there is an ongoing
mutual process between human beings ans
their environment.
Assumptions
Metaparadigm in nursing
The following are the major concepts and
metaparadigm of Martha Rogers’ nursing
theory:
A. Human-unitary human beings
A person is defined as an indivisible, pan-
dimensional energy field identified by a
pattern, and manifesting characteristics specific
to the whole, and that can’t be predicted from
knowledge of the parts.
A person is also a unified whole, having its own
distinct characteristics that can’t be viewed by looking
at, describing, or summarizing the parts.
HEALTH
Rogers defines health as an expression of the
life process.
 It is the characteristics and behavior coming
from the mutual, simultaneous interaction of
the human and environmental fields, and health
and illness are part of the same continuum.
The events vary in their expressions from
greatest health to those conditions that are
incompatible with the maintaining life process.
NURSING
Rogers claims that nursing exists to serve people
 The safe practice of nursing depends on the nature and
amount of scientific nursing knowledge
ENVIRONMENTAL FIELD
“An irreducible, indivisible, pan-dimensional energy field
identified by pattern and integral with the human field.”
APPLICATION IN NURSING
CLINICAL PRACTICE
NURSING EDUCATION
NURSING RESEARCH
CHARACTERISTICS OF THE
THEORY
Theories can interrelate concepts in such a way as to
create a different way of looking at a particular
phenomenon
Theories must be logical in nature.
Theories should be simple yet generalizable.
Theories can be the bases for hypotheses that can be
tested or for theory to be expanded.
Theories contribute to and assist in increasing the
general body of knowledge within the discipline
through research implemented to validate them.
Theories can be used by practioners to guide and
improve their practice .
Theories must be consistent with other validated
theories, laws and principles but will leave open
unanswered questions that need to be investigated.
Strengths
Martha Rogers’ concepts provide a worldview from
which nurses may derive theories and hypotheses and
propose relationships specific to different situations.
Weaknesses
Testing the concepts’ validity is questionable
because its concepts are not directly measurable.
Rogers claimed that nursing exists to serve
people, however, nurses’ roles were not clearly
defined.
The purpose of nurses is to promote health and
well-being for all persons wherever they are.
However, Rogers’ model has no concrete
definition of health state.

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SEMINAR ON

Initially, Martha Rogers wanted to do something

Addresses the importance of the environment

• Homeodynamics refers to the balance

The human-environment field is a dynamic,

Because of the inseparability of human

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