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    Unit 4 2020 Academic Writing

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    katlego
    This document provides guidance on common problems in academic writing and how to properly cite sources. It addresses issues like plagiarism, punctuation errors, and formatting paragraphs. Examples are given for correctly citing sources within and at the end of sentences. Guidelines are offered for paraphrasing sources without plagiarizing, including when to quote directly. Pointers are listed for words to use instead of "said" when referring to sources. Phrases are suggested for starting sentences when discussing research. The document advises on language to use and avoid in academic writing.

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    Unit 4 2020 Academic Writing

    Uploaded by

    katlego
    40 views11 pages
    This document provides guidance on common problems in academic writing and how to properly cite sources. It addresses issues like plagiarism, punctuation errors, and formatting paragraphs. Examples are given for correctly citing sources within and at the end of sentences. Guidelines are offered for paraphrasing sources without plagiarizing, including when to quote directly. Pointers are listed for words to use instead of "said" when referring to sources. Phrases are suggested for starting sentences when discussing research. The document advises on language to use and avoid in academic writing.

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    academic writing

    Original Title

    UNIT 4 2020 ACADEMIC WRITING

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    This document provides guidance on common problems in academic writing and how to properly cite sources. It addresses issues like plagiarism, punctuation errors, and formatting paragraphs. Examples are given for correctly citing sources within and at the end of sentences. Guidelines are offered for paraphrasing sources without plagiarizing, including when to quote directly. Pointers are listed for words to use instead of "said" when referring to sources. Phrases are suggested for starting sentences when discussing research. The document advises on language to use and avoid in academic writing.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    40 views11 pages

    Unit 4 2020 Academic Writing

    Uploaded by

    katlego
    This document provides guidance on common problems in academic writing and how to properly cite sources. It addresses issues like plagiarism, punctuation errors, and formatting paragraphs. Examples are given for correctly citing sources within and at the end of sentences. Guidelines are offered for paraphrasing sources without plagiarizing, including when to quote directly. Pointers are listed for words to use instead of "said" when referring to sources. Phrases are suggested for starting sentences when discussing research. The document advises on language to use and avoid in academic writing.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 11

    UNIT 4

    ACADEMIC WRITING
    IRE407C/INR 10AB
    Common problems

    Proper language editing!


    Plagiarism
    Sentence construction (s/c)
    Quoting of sources
    Incorrect use of punctuation
    Pointers
    Paragraphs
    Look at the following sentences (Source
    inside/part of sentence):

     According to (Nel, 2013) he says that learner


    aggression has become endemic.

     According to (Nel, 20-13) learner aggression


    has become endemic.

     According to Nel (2013) learner aggression


    has become endemic.
    Example 2
     Learner aggression has become endemic (Nel,

    2013).(End of sentence)

     Learner aggression has become endemic (JW


    Nel, in Journal for child studies, 2 September
    2013).

     Learner aggression has become endemic


    (Johanna W Nel & Sylvester Phoza, in Journal
    for child studies, 2 September 2013).
    REPORTING
    (without plagiarising)
    Original text
    Social capital and socio-political trust should be regarded as a
    consequence of an individual's perception of the political
    world and the effectiveness of political institutions.
    Democracies are expected to recruit trusted leaders and to
    surround them with an institutional order which would impose
    sanctions if they performed inadequately.
    Newton, 2015
    Paraphrased version
    Newton (2015) points to the importance of people’s
    perceptions of the effectiveness of political institutions,
    because this will ultimately determine the level of their
    socio-political trust and social capital. According to him
    democratic countries are expected to elect trusted leaders
    who should be held accountable if they do not perform
    adequately.
    REPORTING (example 2)
    (without plagiarising)
    Original text
    A well-functioning post-school education system is a key lever
    to break out of poverty and inequality and sustain a consistent
    development trajectory. With a record high unemployment rate,
    inequality and poverty in South Africa, school leavers are about
    to enter a world beset with uncertainty and volatility, where they
    will need every opportunity to realise their educational goals.
    Paraphrased version
    To break the endless cycle of poverty and inequality in South
    Africa, a well-functioning higher education system is crucial for
    consistent social and economic growth. School leavers are
    faced with the harsh realities of an uncertain and volatile
    society. To this end, they should have ample opportunity to
    realise there educational goals.
    QUOTING
    Badenhorst (2015:72) formulates her view as follows:(more than
    three lines)

    A well-functioning post-school education system is a key lever to


    break out of poverty and inequality and sustain a consistent
    development trajectory. With a record high unemployment rate,
    inequality and poverty in South Africa, school leavers are about to
    enter a world beset with uncertainty and volatility, where they will
    need every opportunity to realise their educational goals.

    BUT
    However, Badenhorst (2015:72) believes that “school leavers are
    about to enter a world beset with uncertainty and volatility, where
    they will need every opportunity to realise their educational goals”.
    POINTERS
     Instead of “said” use :

     Emphasised
     Highlighted
     Point out/pointed out
     Recalled an incident
     Feels that/ Felt/was of the opinion
     Suggests/ed
     According to
     Mentioned
     Summaried/summarises/motivates… his views as
    follows
     
    POINTERS (cont.)

    Phrases to use or start a sentence:


     Accordingly
     Similarly…. (When you want to confirm what a researcher has said)
     Likewise…
     Importantly
     In accordance with the advice of Mc Millan……
     The views expressed by …….
     It was revealed that . . .
     OR
     it transpired that . . .
     it emerged that…
     Data strongly suggest that . . .
     In keeping with Atkinsons theory . . .
     A similar view was expressed by . . .
     This was supported by . . .
     From the discussions it is evident that . . .
     Research findings indicate that . . .
     It is clear that . . .
    Do Not start a sentence with:

    But this is not true.


    Rather:
    However, this is not true.

    And learners are so aggressive nowadays that teachers


    become afraid.
    Rather:

    In addition, learners are so aggressive nowadays that


    teachers become afraid.
    Or just leave it out and start directly with sentence

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