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    Scania Fuel System

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    noran
    The document discusses combustion theory, diesel engines, and injection systems. It provides background on what is needed for combustion, including air, fuel, heat, and compression. It explains stoichiometric combustion and air-fuel ratios. It also describes the four-stroke principle for diesel engines and components like turbochargers and intercoolers. Finally, it discusses injection pumps, unit injectors, and injection timing over the course of an engine revolution.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Scania Fuel System

    Uploaded by

    noran
    179 views26 pages
    The document discusses combustion theory, diesel engines, and injection systems. It provides background on what is needed for combustion, including air, fuel, heat, and compression. It explains stoichiometric combustion and air-fuel ratios. It also describes the four-stroke principle for diesel engines and components like turbochargers and intercoolers. Finally, it discusses injection pumps, unit injectors, and injection timing over the course of an engine revolution.

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    201210311135060559346562

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    The document discusses combustion theory, diesel engines, and injection systems. It provides background on what is needed for combustion, including air, fuel, heat, and compression. It explains stoichiometric combustion and air-fuel ratios. It also describes the four-stroke principle for diesel engines and components like turbochargers and intercoolers. Finally, it discusses injection pumps, unit injectors, and injection timing over the course of an engine revolution.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    179 views26 pages

    Scania Fuel System

    Uploaded by

    noran
    The document discusses combustion theory, diesel engines, and injection systems. It provides background on what is needed for combustion, including air, fuel, heat, and compression. It explains stoichiometric combustion and air-fuel ratios. It also describes the four-stroke principle for diesel engines and components like turbochargers and intercoolers. Finally, it discusses injection pumps, unit injectors, and injection timing over the course of an engine revolution.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 26

    1

    Scania Fuel System

    Scania Training September 2011


    Combustion Theory

    Background

    Scania Training September 2011


    Combustion Theory
    What is needed to start a combustion?

    Air = Fuel = Heat =


    Oxygen Gasoline Compression+
    Diesel Ignition

    Scania Training September 2011


    Combustion Theory

    Air consist of:

    • 21 % Oxygen (O)

    • 79 % Nitrogen (N)

    Scania Training September 2011


    Combustion Theory
    Fuel (petrol and diesel)
    consists of:
    - Hydrocarbons (HC)

    • Carbon (C)

    • Hydrogen (H)

    Scania Training September 2011


    Combustion Theory
    When gasoline burns optimally in the air
    a chemist writes the whole thing like this:

    The expression can be used to determine the


    relationship that should exist between air and
    fuel for optimized combustion.

    Scania Training September 2011


    Combustion Theory
    Since many efforts have been made to find out how much
    weight molecules have, so you can set up the relationship
    between fuel and air mass for complete combustion.

    Stoichiometric or Theoretical Combustion


    14,6 kg air to 1 kg fuel.

    Scania Training September 2011


    Combustion Theory
    Stoichiometric or Theoretical Combustion is the ideal
    combustion process where fuel is burned completely, and this
    means that Lambda has the value 1.

    Scania Training September 2011


    Combustion Theory
    It can be difficult to get an idea of ​how much the 14.6 kg of
    air is so if we make it into a volume ratio so it is easier to
    get a reasonable idea of ​how the relationship is.

    Mass ratio:

    14,6 kg air to 1 kg fuel

    Volume ratio (approximately):

    10,000 liters of air to 1 liter of fuel

    Scania Training September 2011


    Dieselengine
    What is needed to create an engine?

    Scania Training September 2011


    Dieselengine

    Scania Training September 2011


    Otto engine/Diesel engine
    Otto engine

    Fuel = Heat =
    Air =
    Gasolin Compression +
    Oxygen
    Spark (Ignition)

    Scania Training September 2011


    Otto engine/Diesel engine
    Diesel engine

    Air = Heat = Fuel =


    Oxygen Compression Diesel

    Scania Training September 2011


    Diesel engine
    Four-stroke principle for a diesel engine.

    Intake Compression Expansion Exhaust

    Scania Training September 2011


    Diesel engine
    Turbo charger (exhaustgas-driven turbocharger)

    Scania Training September 2011


    Diesel engine

    Intercooler

    Scania Training September 2011


    Diesel engine

    Scania Training September 2011


    Injection
    Injectionpump Unit injectors

    PDE HPI XPI


    -97 -00 -06

    Scania Training September 2011


    Injection

    What are we going to look at today?

    Scania Training September 2011


    Injection

    Today we'll talk about ...

    0,002380952 second

    Two thousandth of a second

    Scania Training September 2011


    Injection

    A diesel engine speed 1400 r / min

    It is converted 23.3333 r / second

    Scania Training September 2011


    Injection

    One revolution takes 0.043 second

    1 r = 0,043 second

    Scania Training September 2011


    Injection
    What we are interested in is the injection.
    • Injection takes place during 20% of one rotation.
    • 20% of one rotation is 1 / 18 of 0.043 second.

    Injection takes place only once on two revolutions.

    Scania Training September 2011


    Otto engine / Diesel engine
    Nicolaus Otto 1877 Rudolf Diesel 1893
    Otto Diesel
    • Air and fuel are mixed • Air is compressed to high temperature
    • The fuel is ignited by a spark plug • The fuel is injected and ignites
    • Compression ratio: 8:1 - 12:1 spontaneously
    • P-max 60 bar • Compression ratio: 17:1 - 28:1
    • P-max 180 bar

    Fuel with high octane number Fuel with high cetane number
     + Low noise level
     + High efficiency
     + Low emission level λ-1
     - High noise levels
    and three-way catalytic converters
     - Large amount of NOx and particles
     - Low efficiency (approx. 33%)

    Scania Training September 2011


    Otto engine / Diesel engine
    Stoichiometric Otto Engine (λ = 1)

    + Low-emission, λ-1 + three-way catalytic converters


    - Low efficiency
    - High exhaust temperature (about 900o C)

    Lean Otto engine (lean burn) (λ > 1)

    + High efficiency (35 - 37%)


    - Three-way catalytic converters is not useful
    Chance of misfiring near the limit of lean mixture

    Scania Training September 2011


    Injection pressure

    Scania Training September 2011

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