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    Spotters-Mlt: Dr.S.Rashmi Dept. of Biochemistry

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    Samuvelraj
    The document discusses various types of blood collection tubes, including their additive components and common tests performed on samples collected in each tube type. It also addresses blood collection procedures, quality control in laboratories, occupational safety guidelines, and examples of abnormal lab results and their diagnoses.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Spotters-Mlt: Dr.S.Rashmi Dept. of Biochemistry

    Uploaded by

    Samuvelraj
    111 views19 pages
    The document discusses various types of blood collection tubes, including their additive components and common tests performed on samples collected in each tube type. It also addresses blood collection procedures, quality control in laboratories, occupational safety guidelines, and examples of abnormal lab results and their diagnoses.

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    Spotters-MLT Paper 2(1)

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    The document discusses various types of blood collection tubes, including their additive components and common tests performed on samples collected in each tube type. It also addresses blood collection procedures, quality control in laboratories, occupational safety guidelines, and examples of abnormal lab results and their diagnoses.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    111 views19 pages

    Spotters-Mlt: Dr.S.Rashmi Dept. of Biochemistry

    Uploaded by

    Samuvelraj
    The document discusses various types of blood collection tubes, including their additive components and common tests performed on samples collected in each tube type. It also addresses blood collection procedures, quality control in laboratories, occupational safety guidelines, and examples of abnormal lab results and their diagnoses.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 19

    SPOTTERS-MLT

    DR.S.RASHMI
    DEPT. OF BIOCHEMISTRY
    1

    • 1.Identify the type of additive used in this tube

    • Tube contains sodium heparin as an anticoagulant.

    • 2.Name few tests done in samples collected in this tube

    • This tube is used for preparing heparinized plasma, whole blood, and bone
    marrow specimen-routine biochemical tests done in plasma
    Tube cap color Additive Function of Additive Common laboratory tests

    Light-blue Prevents blood from clotting by binding


    3.2% Sodium citrate Coagulation
    calcium

    Red or gold (mottled or "tiger" top used with Clot activator promotes blood clotting with
    Serum tube with or without clot activator or
    some tubes is not shown) glass or silica particles. Gel separates serum Chemistry, serology, immunology
    gel
    from cells.

    Green
    Sodium or lithium heparin with or without Prevents clotting by inhibiting thrombin and
    Stat and routine chemistry
    gel thromboplastin

    Lavender or pink
    Potassium EDTA Prevents clotting by binding calcium Hematology and blood bank

    Gray Sodium fluoride, and sodium or potassium Fluoride inhibits glycolysis, and oxalate Glucose (especially when testing will be
    oxalate prevents clotting by precipitating calcium. delayed), blood alcohol, lactic acid
    2

    • 1.Identify the type of additive used in this tube


    • EDTA Ethylene Diamine Tetra Acetic acid
    • 2.Name few tests done in samples collected in this tube
    • Complete Blood Count,blood bank testing,HbA1c
    • EDTA has been recommended as the anticoagulant of choice for hematological
    testing because it allows the best preservation of cellular components and
    morphology of blood cells.
    3

    • 1.Identify the type of additive used in this tube


    • Sodium fluoride, and sodium / potassium oxalate
    • 2.Name few tests done in samples collected in this tube
    • Glucose,Lactate,blood alcohol
    • Glucose is unstable in whole blood . Fluoride-containing tubes are used to reduce
    glycolysis, especially when very accurate glucose results are required.
    4

    • 1.Identify the type of additive used in this tube


    • Sodium citrate-anticoagulant
    • 2.Name tests done in samples collected in this tube
    • Coagulation studies like PT,APTT
    5

    • 1.Identify the tube


    • Plain tube with no additives
    • 2.Name the tests done in samples,especially collected in this tube
    • biochemistry, immunology and serology like LFT,RFT
    6

    • 1.Name 3 veins commonly involved in blood collection in antecubital area


    • the median cubital, the cephalic and the basilic veins.

    • 2.What blood tests we should avoid using tourniquet


    • Calcium, potassium,lactate
    7

    • Identify the missing blood collection tube in the


    order of draw of sample collection and its uses
    8

    • 1.Name the three popular types of blood collection methods


    • Arterial Sampling.
    • Venipuncture Sampling.
    • Fingerstick Sampling

    • 2.Name fre body fluids used in analysis


    • Blood,urine,pleural fluid,ascItic fluid,pericardial fluid,CSF
    9

    • What is the difference between serum and plasma


    • Serum” is the fluid obtained when whole blood clots.Plasma contains
    anticoagulant so blood is not clotted
    • 2.How to prepare serum and plasma?
    • The clot is removed by centrifugation and the resulting supernatant, designated
    serum, is carefully removed using a Pasteur pipette. Plasma is produced when
    whole blood is collected in tubes that are treated with an anticoagulant. The
    blood does not clot in the plasma tube. The cells are removed by centrifugation.
    10

    • What is the graph,mention its indication


    • Glucose tolerance test –useful to diagnose diabetes mellitus in doubtful cases
    • To rule out gestational diabetes

    • 2.Contraindications for doing the above test


    • Acutely ill patients
    11

    • Give the reference interval with units for:


    • Glucose-70-110 mg/dl (fasting)
    • 80-140mg/dl(2 hrs postprandial)
    • BUN-Blood urea nitrogen-6-20mg/dl
    • S.Creatinine-0.7-1.4 mg/dl
    • Total proteins-6-8 g/dl
    • Albumin-3.5-5 g/dl
    12

    • Give the reference interval with units for:


    • HbA1c- <5.5%
    • Calcium-8.6-10.2 mg/dl
    • Total Bilirubin- 0.2-1.0 mg/dl
    • S.Sodium-136-145mEq/L
    • S.Potassium-3.5-5mEq/L
    13

    • What are the two types of quality control in the lab?


    • Internal Quality Control
    • External Quality control

    • What are the 2 types of errors in QC analysis?


    • Sytematic and random errors
    14

    • What is OSHA?
    • Occupational and Safety Health Act of 1970

    • Mention any 2 guidelines for regulation of lab hazards?


    • Education and training of all lab personnel
    • Hazard identification & assesment
    • Biomedical waste disposal
    15

    • Identify the abnormal lab report and diagnose


    • Fasating blood sugar-140 mg/dl
    • Post prandial blood sugar-210 mg/dl

    • Answer : Both values are increased. Diagnosis: Diabetes mellitus


    16

    • Identify the abnormal lab report and diagnose


    • BUN-60 mg/dl
    • S.Creatinine-2.4 mg/dl
    • S.Albumin-3.8 g/dl
    • S.calcium-7 mg/dl

    • Ans:Elevated BUN & S.Creatinine /reduced S.Calcium.


    • Diagnosis: Chronic Renal failure

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