Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 133 views

    TUBERCULOSIS

    Uploaded by

    Pankaj Mandal
    Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease usually affecting the lungs that is caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. TB bacteria are spread through the air when a person with active TB coughs or sneezes. Symptoms may include a bad cough lasting more than 3 weeks, chest pain, coughing up blood or sputum, weakness, fatigue, weight loss, no appetite, chills, and fever. Treatment requires taking multiple antibiotics for at least 6-9 months, and sometimes up to 2 years for drug-resistant cases. Preventive measures include vaccination, proper ventilation, hygiene practices like covering coughs and sneezes, and a healthy immune system.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    TUBERCULOSIS

    Uploaded by

    Pankaj Mandal
    133 views16 pages
    Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease usually affecting the lungs that is caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. TB bacteria are spread through the air when a person with active TB coughs or sneezes. Symptoms may include a bad cough lasting more than 3 weeks, chest pain, coughing up blood or sputum, weakness, fatigue, weight loss, no appetite, chills, and fever. Treatment requires taking multiple antibiotics for at least 6-9 months, and sometimes up to 2 years for drug-resistant cases. Preventive measures include vaccination, proper ventilation, hygiene practices like covering coughs and sneezes, and a healthy immune system.

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease usually affecting the lungs that is caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. TB bacteria are spread through the air when a person with active TB coughs or sneezes. Symptoms may include a bad cough lasting more than 3 weeks, chest pain, coughing up blood or sputum, weakness, fatigue, weight loss, no appetite, chills, and fever. Treatment requires taking multiple antibiotics for at least 6-9 months, and sometimes up to 2 years for drug-resistant cases. Preventive measures include vaccination, proper ventilation, hygiene practices like covering coughs and sneezes, and a healthy immune system.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    133 views16 pages

    TUBERCULOSIS

    Uploaded by

    Pankaj Mandal
    Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease usually affecting the lungs that is caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. TB bacteria are spread through the air when a person with active TB coughs or sneezes. Symptoms may include a bad cough lasting more than 3 weeks, chest pain, coughing up blood or sputum, weakness, fatigue, weight loss, no appetite, chills, and fever. Treatment requires taking multiple antibiotics for at least 6-9 months, and sometimes up to 2 years for drug-resistant cases. Preventive measures include vaccination, proper ventilation, hygiene practices like covering coughs and sneezes, and a healthy immune system.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 16

    TUBERCULOSIS

    CONTENT
    • DEFINITION
    • SYMPTOMS
    • CAUSES
    • RISK FACTORS
    • DIAGNOSIS EVALUATION
    • TREATMENT
    • RISKS AND BENEFITS OF TREATMENT
    • PREVENTION
    DEFINITION
    • Tuberculosis (TB) is a potentially
    serious infectious disease that
    mainly affects the lungs. (Mayo
    Clinic, 2020)
    • Neo-latin word
    a) Tubercle- Round
    Nodule/Swelling
    b) Osis- Condition
    Causes
    • Tuberculosis (TB) is caused by a
    bacterium called Mycobacterium
    tuberculosis.
    CLASSIFICATICATION

    (C)The American Society for Microbiology


    Taxonomy of Bacteria
    • Family: Mycobacteriaceae.
    • Genus: Mycobacterium.
    • Species: M. tuberculosis.
    • Binomial name. Mycobacterium
    tuberculosis.
    Charateristic of ma
    • TB occurs in every part of the
    world. In 2019, the largest
    number of new TB cases
    occurred in the WHO South-East
    Asian region, with 44% of new
    cases, followed by the WHO
    African region, with 25% of new
    cases and the WHO Western
    Pacific with 18%.

    who
    Common disease
    • Tuberculosis
    • Hansen’s disease (also known as
    leprosy)
    Syupmtos

    • a bad cough that lasts 3 weeks or longer


    • pain in the chest
    • coughing up blood or sputum
    • Other symptoms of TB disease are

    • weakness or fatigue
    • weight loss
    • no appetite
    • chills
    • fever
    • sweating at night
    cdc
    Virulence
    • TB bacteria can attack any part of the body
    such as the kidney, spine, and brain.cdc
    • Globally, an estimated 10.0 million (range,
    8.9–11.0 million)people fell ill with TB in
    2019,WHO
    • A total of 1.4 million people died from TB in
    2019
    • TB occurs in every part of the world. In 2019,
    the largest number of new TB cases occurred
    in the WHO South-East Asian region, with
    44% of new cases, followed by the WHO
    African region, with 25% of new cases and
    the WHO Western Pacific with 18%.
    How TB Spreads
    • TB bacteria are spread through the air
    from one person to another.airbonre
    • When a person breathes in TB bacteria,
    the bacteria can settle in the lungs and
    begin to grow. From there, they can move
    through the blood to other parts of the
    body, such as the kidney, spine, and brain.
    • TB disease in the lungs or throat can be
    infectious. This means that the bacteria
    can be spread to other people. TB in other
    parts of the body, such as the kidney or
    spine, is usually not infectious.
    • CDC
    PREVENTION
    • The vaccine called Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG).
    • Managing your environment
    • As TB is an airborne infection, TB bacteria are released into
    the air when someone with infectious TB coughs or sneezes.
    The risk of infection can be reduced by using a few simple
    precautions:

    • good ventilation: as TB can remain suspended in the air for


    several hours with no ventilation
    • natural light: UV light kills off TB bacteria
    • good hygiene: covering the mouth and nose when coughing
    or sneezing reduces the spread of TB bacteria.
    • Having a healthy immune system is the best form of defence
    against TB
    • Wear a face mask. Wearing a face mask when you're around
    other people during the first three weeks of treatment may
    help lessen the risk of transmission.(MAYO)
    TREATMENT

    • For active tuberculosis, you must take antibiotics


    for at least six to nine months.(MAYO)
    • he most common medications used to treat
    tuberculosis include:

    • Isoniazid
    • Rifampin (Rifadin, Rimactane)
    • Ethambutol (Myambutol)
    • Pyrazinamide
    • If you have drug-resistant TB, a combination of
    antibiotics called fluoroquinolones and injectable
    medications, such as amikacin or capreomycin
    (Capastat), are generally used for 20 to 30
    months.

    You might also like