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    Digital Image Processing: Course Code: CSE 423

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    Khalid Hasan
    The document discusses bit plane slicing and histograms in digital image processing. Bit plane slicing involves isolating particular bits of pixel values to highlight aspects of an image, with higher-order bits containing most visual information and lower-order bits holding subtle details. Histograms show the distribution of gray levels in an image and are useful for image processing and segmentation. Histogram equalization improves dark or washed-out images by spreading out the frequencies in an image to equalize it. Examples are provided of images and their histograms, as well as before and after shots of histogram equalization.

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    Digital Image Processing: Course Code: CSE 423

    Uploaded by

    Khalid Hasan
    15 views36 pages
    The document discusses bit plane slicing and histograms in digital image processing. Bit plane slicing involves isolating particular bits of pixel values to highlight aspects of an image, with higher-order bits containing most visual information and lower-order bits holding subtle details. Histograms show the distribution of gray levels in an image and are useful for image processing and segmentation. Histogram equalization improves dark or washed-out images by spreading out the frequencies in an image to equalize it. Examples are provided of images and their histograms, as well as before and after shots of histogram equalization.

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    DIP_Lecture_04

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    The document discusses bit plane slicing and histograms in digital image processing. Bit plane slicing involves isolating particular bits of pixel values to highlight aspects of an image, with higher-order bits containing most visual information and lower-order bits holding subtle details. Histograms show the distribution of gray levels in an image and are useful for image processing and segmentation. Histogram equalization improves dark or washed-out images by spreading out the frequencies in an image to equalize it. Examples are provided of images and their histograms, as well as before and after shots of histogram equalization.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    15 views36 pages

    Digital Image Processing: Course Code: CSE 423

    Uploaded by

    Khalid Hasan
    The document discusses bit plane slicing and histograms in digital image processing. Bit plane slicing involves isolating particular bits of pixel values to highlight aspects of an image, with higher-order bits containing most visual information and lower-order bits holding subtle details. Histograms show the distribution of gray levels in an image and are useful for image processing and segmentation. Histogram equalization improves dark or washed-out images by spreading out the frequencies in an image to equalize it. Examples are provided of images and their histograms, as well as before and after shots of histogram equalization.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 36

    Digital Image Processing

    Course Code: CSE 423

    Lecture 4
    Bit Plane Slicing
    Often by isolating particular bits of the pixel
    values in an image we can highlight interesting
    aspects of that image
    ◦ Higher-order bits usually contain most of the
    significant visual information
    ◦ Lower-order bits contain
    subtle details
    Bit Plane Slicing (cont…)

    [10000000] [01000000]

    [00100000] [00001000]

    [00000100] [00000001]
    Bit Plane Slicing (cont…)

    [10000000] [01000000]

    [00100000] [00001000]

    [00000100] [00000001]
    Bit Plane Slicing (cont…)
    Bit Plane Slicing (cont…)
    Bit Plane Slicing (cont…)
    Bit Plane Slicing (cont…)
    Bit Plane Slicing (cont…)
    Bit Plane Slicing (cont…)
    Bit Plane Slicing (cont…)
    Bit Plane Slicing (cont…)
    Bit Plane Slicing (cont…)
    Bit Plane Slicing (cont…)
    Bit‐Plane Slicing

    b1=bitand(b,1);
    b2=bitand(b,2);
    b3=bitand(b,4);
    b4=bitand(b,8);
    b5=bitand(b,16);
    b6=bitand(b,32);
    b7=bitand(b,64);
    b8=bitand(b,128);
    Introduction of Histogram
    Introduction of Histogram
    Image Histograms
    The histogram of an image shows us the
    distribution of grey levels in the image
    Massively useful in image processing, especially in
    segmentation
    Frequencies

    Grey Levels
    Histogram Examples
    Histogram Examples (cont…)
    Histogram Examples (cont…)
    Histogram Examples (cont…)
    Histogram Examples (cont…)
    Histogram Examples (cont…)
    Histogram Examples (cont…)
    Histogram Examples (cont…)
    Histogram Examples (cont…)
    A selection of images and
    their histograms
    Notice the relationships
    between the images and
    their histograms
    Note that the high contrast
    image has the most
    evenly spaced histogram
    Histogram Equalisation
    Spreading out the frequencies in an image (or
    equalising the image) is a simple way to improve
    dark or washed out images
    The formula for histogram
    equalisation is given where sk T (
    rk )
    ◦ rk: input intensity k

    ◦ sk: processed intensity


    pr(rj )
    j1
    ◦ k: the intensity range
    (e.g 0.0 – 1.0) k nj
    ◦ nj: the frequency of intensity j 
    j 1 n
    ◦ n: the sum of all frequencies
    Equalisation Transformation Function
    Equalisation Examples
    1
    Equalisation Transformation Functions
    The functions used to equalise the images in
    the previous example
    Equalisation Examples
    2
    Equalisation Transformation Functions
    The functions used to equalise the images in
    the previous example
    Equalisation Examples (cont…)
    3

    4
    Equalisation Examples (cont…)
    3

    4
    Equalisation Examples (cont…)

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