Hyperplastic Material Models and Their Applications in Engineering

Hyperplastic Material Models and
their Applications in Engineering
by
Debasis Panda
1st year, M.Tech (Applied Mechanics)
Mechanical Engineering
Jadavpur University
Contents
• Introduction
• Hyperelasticity and hyperelastic material
• Condition of plasticity
• Hyperplasticity
• Application of hyperplasticity in industrial branches
• Conclusion
Glodová Iveta, Bocko Jozef, Applied Mechanics and Materials Vol 611 (2014) pp 216-220 ©
(2014) Trans Tech Publications, Switzerland
Introduction
• Deformation analysis is important in many technical applications, including
crashworthiness and other production problems.
• Many materials show elastic-plastic behaviour,

which means that the material shows elastic
behaviour to a certain stress limit, which is noted as
the yield strength. After overcoming the yield strength,
plastic deformation occurs.
• A section of deformation, which disappears after the removal of an external

load, is denoted as flexible (elastic) deformation. Deformation, which remains
after the removal of an external load, is denoted as permanent (plastic)
deformation.
Hyperelasticity and hyperelastic material
• Hyperelastic material is a type of constitutive model for an ideal elastic
material. Its stress-strain relationship is a result of the function strain
deformation energy.
• The most common example of this type of material is rubber.
• Basic properties of hyperelastic materials are:
- large deformations which occur under load,
- there are no permanent deformations,
- linear relationships may not occur between
load force and stress,
- stress can be described by the internal energy,
- there is no dependence on strain rate.
Condition of plasticity
•• State
of stress at some point of a solid figure is described in a space of main
stresses of the vector σ.
• The boundary between the elastic and plastic state in the space stress is
determined by the yield surface and described by a scalar function-plasticity
condition, defined as f (σ , k ) = 0 .
• One of the most useful is the Drucker-Prager condition;
is the first invariant stress tensor σ

second invariant of deviatoric stress tensor
A is determined from experiment.
k is material constant.
Hyperplasticity
• Specification of a conventional plasticity model requires definition of an

incremental deformation response, which consists of the following steps:
- elastic response,
- boundary surface,
- defined flow or plastic potential,
- defined rate of deformation including
deformation hardening and displacement
of surface boundaries.
• Hyperplasticity occurs at high deformation rates. According to Houlsby and
Puzrin, plasticity is based on generalized thermodynamics, which is called
hyperplastic theory. Based on this theory, the whole constitutive model is
described by two scalar potential functions:
- energy function,
- loss (dissipative) function.
Model of deformation hardening
Isotropic hardening Kinematic hardening
• resizing the limits of the surface • change in position of limiting surface
• does not include Bauschinger effect • includes Bauschinger effect
Application of hyperplasticity in
industrial branches
• Superplastic surface forming
 Superplastic forming is a method that is used for forming components of
complex shape. Its main application field is the aeronautics, automotive and
space industry.
 Methods of superplastic surface forming include:
- pressure and vacuum superplastic surface forming , uses the pressure or
vacuum caused by fluid or inert gas,
- heat superplastic surface forming uses the pressure of the inert gas but, at the
same time, the semi-finished product is heated.
 Advantages: material consumption is lower, high precision, high surface quality
and there is an increase of the fatigue strength.
(Schematic illustration of the pressure superplastic surface forming)
• High speed sheet forming
 Research shows that using the high-speed sheet forming, the formability can
be significantly improved and the surface wave occurrence suppresses.
 Current research in this field tries to observe, how defects in thermal
expansion may accelerate the plastic deformation when changing the
temperature.
(Deformation of aluminum sheets)

Conclusion
• The overview of research on hyperplasticity in this paper provides a
necessary basis for further research and application (simulation and usage)
of hyperplastic material models.
• In upcoming research, the author aims to utilize these conditions and basic
models to determine, monitor and formalize occurrence of transition states
between plasticity and hyperplasticity in chosen materials, either in
simulations or experiments.
References:
[1] A. Shabana, Compurational Continuum Mechanics, Cambridge Univeristy Press, 2008.
[2] F. Trebuňa, F. Šimčák, V. Jurica, Flexibility and Strength I, Elfa, Košice, 2005.
[3] R. W. Ogden, Non-Linear Elastic Deformations, Dover Publication, 1997.
[4] F. Trebuňa, F. Šimčák, Manual of Experimental Mechanics, FME TU Košice, 2007.
[5] Z. Bittnar, J. Šejnoha, Numerical Methods in Mechanics I, ČVUT, 1992, pp. 309.
[6] G. T. Houlsby, A. M. Puzrin, Rate-Dependent Plasticity Models Derived from Potential
Function, Journal of Rheology, Vol. 46, No. 1, 2002, pp. 113-126.
[7] S. Likitlersuang, A Hyperplasticity Model for Clay Behavior an Application to Bangkok Clay,
Balliol College, Michaelmas Term, University of Oxford, 2003.
[8] A. M. Puzrin, G. T. Houlsby, Fundamentals of Kinematic Hardening Hyperplasticity,
International Journal of Solids and Structures, Vol. 38, 2001, pp. 3771-3794.
[9] M. Balcar, Progressive Technologies Metal Forming Materials, VUT Brno, 2010.
[10] G. S. Daehn and research group, Resources on Electromagnetic and High Velocity Forming,
Columbus, OH, Department of materials science and engineering, 2003.
Thank You

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Hyperplastic Material Models and

their Applications in Engineering

• Many materials show elastic-plastic behaviour,

• A section of deformation, which disappears after the removal of an external

is the first invariant stress tensor σ

• Specification of a conventional plasticity model requires definition of an

(Deformation of aluminum sheets)

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