SECTION 7

Heat Transfer Analysis

NAS400, Section 7, August 2011

Copyright 2011 MSC.Software Corporation S7-1
NAS400, Section 7, August 2011 S7-2
Copyright 2011 MSC.Software Corporation
 Overview

● Heat Transfer in SOL 400

NAS400, Section 7, August 2011 S7-3

Copyright 2011 MSC.Software Corporation
 Overview
● The Heat Transfer Capability has been put into SOL 400
for both:
● Steady State Heat Transfer ( SOL 153 )
● Transient Heat Transfer ( SOL 159 )
● Analysis chaining from heat to structural (same mesh)
● Thermal structural sequential (dissimilar mesh)
● Thermal structural coupled
● Solid Shell - Gradient thru shell thickness
● Thermal Contact - Friction generated heat
● Radiation Improvements - Hemi-cube method
● 21 Advanced Nonlinear Heat Transfer Elements including
2D and 3D composites
NAS400, Section 7, August 2011 S7-4
Copyright 2011 MSC.Software Corporation
 Heat Transfer Elements
● 1-Dimensional – ROD

Element # grids Property Ext. BEH INT Nastran ID Marc Type

CROD 2 PRODN1 ROD L 1 36

● 2-Dimensional – planar

Element # grids Property Ext. BEH INT Nastran ID Marc Type

CQUAD4 4 PSHLN2 PLST L 139 39

CTRIA3 3 PSHLN2 PLST L 162 37

CQUAD8 8 PSHLN2 PLST Q 164 41

CTRIA6 6 PSHLN2 PLST Q 167 131

CQUAD4 4 PLCOMP COMP L 139 177

CQUAD8 8 PLCOMP COMP Q 164 179

NAS400, Section 7, August 2011 S7-5

Copyright 2011 MSC.Software Corporation
 Heat Transfer Elements (cont.)
● 3-Dimensional – solid

Element # grids Property Ext. BEH INT Nastran ID Marc Type

CHEXA 8 PSLDN1 SOLID L 67 43

CHEXA 20 PSLDN1 SOLID Q 67 44

CPENTA 6 PSLDN1 SOLID L 68 137

CTETRA 4 PSLDN1 SOLID L 39 135

CTETRA 10 PSLDN1 SOLID Q 39 133

CHEXA 8 PCOMPLS SLCOMP L 67 175

CHEXA 20 PCOMPLS SLCOMP Q 67 176

NAS400, Section 7, August 2011 S7-6

Copyright 2011 MSC.Software Corporation
 Heat Transfer Elements (cont.)
● 3-Dimensional – shell

Element # grids Property Ext. BEH INT Nastran ID Marc Type

1)
CQUAD4 4 PSHLN1 DCT L 33 85

1)
CTRIA3 3 PSHLN1 DCT L 74 50

1)
CQUAD8 8 PSHLN1 DCT Q 64 86

1)
CQUAD4 4 PSHLN1 MB L 33 198

1)
CTRIA3 3 PSHLN1 MB Q 74 196

1)
CQUAD8 8 PSHLN1 MB L 64 199

1)
CTRIA6 6 PSHLN1 MB Q 75 197

1)
the property extension can be combined with PSHELL and PCOMP(G) as well

NAS400, Section 7, August 2011 S7-7

Copyright 2011 MSC.Software Corporation
 Heat Input for 2D Solids
● PSHLN2 – nonlinear property extension for PLPLANE
set to IH

NAS400, Section 7, August 2011 S7-8

Copyright 2011 MSC.Software Corporation
 Heat Input for 2D Composites
● PLCOMP – property for 2D composite

-etc-

ANAL=IH

NAS400, Section 7, August 2011 S7-9

Copyright 2011 MSC.Software Corporation
 Heat Input for 3D Solids
● PSLDN1 – nonlinear property extension for PSOLID

ANAL=IH

NAS400, Section 7, August 2011 S7-10

Copyright 2011 MSC.Software Corporation
 Heat Input for 3D Composites
● PCOMPLS – property for 3D composite

ANAL=IH

NAS400, Section 7, August 2011 S7-11

Copyright 2011 MSC.Software Corporation
 Heat Input for 3D Composites (cont.)
● Example for PCOMPLS

0.012
SOL 400
CEND Heat Flux
.
ANALYSIS = HSTAT
in the middle z
. of the bottom y
BEGIN BULK
PARAM SIGMA 1.714-9 0.009 . 009
x 0
NLPARM 1 1 ITER 1 25 UPW NO
+ .001 .001 1.-7
MAT4 1 1.
PCOMPLS 1 -1 IH
+ C20 SLCOMP Q
+ 101 1 0.001
...
+ 112 1 0.001.
CHEXA 1 1 23 21 1 3 773 766
+ 768 771 22 14 2 15 774 767
+ 769 772 777 770 776 775
...
CHEXA 2352 1 10332 10328 10304 10308 11202 11198
+ 11174 11178 10335 10330 10311 10334 11203 11199
+ 11175 11179 11205 11200 11181 11204

NAS400, Section 7, August 2011 S7-12

Copyright 2011 MSC.Software Corporation
 Heat Output for 3D Composites
● Patran Results

HEAT FLUX (QBDY3)

NAS400, Section 7, August 2011 S7-13

Copyright 2011 MSC.Software Corporation
 Heat Input for Shells
● PSHLN1 – nonlinear property extension for PSHELL
or PCOMP(G)
set to IH

NAS400, Section 7, August 2011 S7-14

Copyright 2011 MSC.Software Corporation
 Heat Input for Shells (cont.)
7 8 9
● Example for PCOMP

20 degree F
Q4 Q4
SOL 400
CEND 4 5 6
. HEAT Flux
ANALYSIS = HSTAT
.
on top surface Q4 Q4
BEGIN BULK 1 2 3
PARAM SIGMA 1.714-9
NLPARM 1 1 FNT PW NO
MAT5 1 .2 .5 .6
MAT5 2 1. 2. 3.
PCOMP 1
+ 1 0.1 -45.0
+ 2 0.1 90.0
+ 2 0.1 0.0
PSHLN1 1 1 IH
CQUAD4 1 1 1 4 5 2
.
QBDY3 2 50. 100001
.
CHBDYG 100001 AREA4
+ 5 6 9 8 HEAT Flux
.

NAS400, Section 7, August 2011 S7-15

Copyright 2011 MSC.Software Corporation
 Heat Output for Shells
● f06 Results

NLSTRESS = ALL

0 SUBCASE 1 STEP 1
LOAD STEP = 1.00000E+00

G R A D I E N T S A N D F L U X E S F O R L A Y E R E D C O M P O S I T E E L E M E N T S

ELEMENT INTEG. -------G R A D I E N T S----------------F L U X E S----------------T E M P-

ID PLY ID POINT ID T-X T-Y T-Z F-X F-Y F-Z T
1 1 1 -5.877E-01 1.142E+02 0.000E+00 -1.692E+01 -3.988E+01 0.000E+00 3.206E+01
2 -5.877E-01 1.126E+02 0.000E+00 -1.668E+01 -3.931E+01 0.000E+00 3.189E+01
3 -2.193E+00 1.142E+02 0.000E+00 -1.636E+01 -3.963E+01 0.000E+00 6.503E+01
4 -2.193E+00 1.126E+02 0.000E+00 -1.612E+01 -3.907E+01 0.000E+00 6.439E+01
2 1 -5.877E-01 1.142E+02 0.000E+00 1.175E+00 -1.142E+02 0.000E+00 3.206E+01
2 -5.877E-01 1.126E+02 0.000E+00 1.175E+00 -1.126E+02 0.000E+00 3.189E+01
3 -2.193E+00 1.142E+02 0.000E+00 4.387E+00 -1.142E+02 0.000E+00 6.503E+01
4 -2.193E+00 1.126E+02 0.000E+00 4.387E+00 -1.126E+02 0.000E+00 6.439E+01
3 1 -5.877E-01 1.142E+02 0.000E+00 5.877E-01 -2.284E+02 0.000E+00 3.206E+01
2 -5.877E-01 1.126E+02 0.000E+00 5.877E-01 -2.252E+02 0.000E+00 3.189E+01
3 -2.193E+00 1.142E+02 0.000E+00 2.193E+00 -2.284E+02 0.000E+00 6.503E+01
4 -2.193E+00 1.126E+02 0.000E+00 2.193E+00 -2.252E+02 0.000E+00 6.439E+01

NAS400, Section 7, August 2011 S7-16

Copyright 2011 MSC.Software Corporation
 Heat Output for Shells (cont.)
● Patran Results

NAS400, Section 7, August 2011 S7-17

Copyright 2011 MSC.Software Corporation
 SPCD instead of TEMPBC
● The SPCD Approach is available for:
● Time varying temperature boundary conditions
● Convection coefficients as function of time
● View factors as function of time

● In SOL 159 TEMPBC (TYPE=TRAN) has to be used

● This is similar to large stiffness approach for base motion in
structural transient analysis
● Also for structural transient analysis the SPCD approach is the
preferable method

NAS400, Section 7, August 2011 S7-18

Copyright 2011 MSC.Software Corporation
 Analysis Chaining
● Step 1: Heat Transfer
● Step 2: Structural Analysis

SUBCASE 5
STEP 1
ANALYSIS = HSTAT $ static heat transfer
NLPARM = 1
SPC = 1
LOAD = 2
THERMAL = ALL
FLUX = ALL
TSTRU = 200
STEP 2
ANALYSIS = NLSTAT $ nonlinear statics
NLPARM = 3
SPC = 5
TEMP(load)= 200
LOAD = 13

NAS400, Section 7, August 2011 S7-19

Copyright 2011 MSC.Software Corporation
 View Factors with Hemi-Cube
● Quartz Lamp Example

● Volumetric heating of the center

lamp
● View factor calculation for the
complete enclosure including the
third-body shading of the inner
Quartz lamp
● Free convection to air on the outer
surface
Performance Data

# CHBDYG Hemi-Cube Gaussian

there is a speed up of 50 times
for the large model 1440 48.3 sec 182.6 sec

72643 4851.9 sec 259251 sec

NAS400, Section 7, August 2011 S7-20

Copyright 2011 MSC.Software Corporation
 Hemi-Cube Input

● Set Value to 1 to activate Hemi-Cube Method

● NPIXEL – maximum number of pixels used in Hemi-Cube
● CUTOFF – fraction of maximum view factor below which view factors will be
ignored
● FRACTION – fraction of maximum view factor below which view factors are
treated explicitly
● FACCNT – set to 1 for explicit treatment of reflection matrix ( a speed up of 4
times faster is possible)
● FACTOL – for flux calculation, maximum number of iterations in Poljak
equations

NAS400, Section 7, August 2011 S7-21

Copyright 2011 MSC.Software Corporation
 EXERCISE
● Perform Workshop 7: Thermo-Structural Analysis of an
Integrated Circuit Board

NAS400, Section 7, August 2011 S7-22

Copyright 2011 MSC.Software Corporation