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    Voltage, Current & Resistance

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    Prince Jairo
    Voltage is the electrical force that causes current to flow in a circuit, measured in volts. It is generated by the work done to move electric charge. Voltage can be direct current (DC), which is constant, or alternating current (AC), which varies sinusoidally over time. Current is the flow of electric charge measured in amperes, defined as the number of coulombs passing through a point per second. An alternating current changes direction cyclically, and its waveform defines how the voltage or current varies over time.

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    Voltage, Current & Resistance

    Uploaded by

    Prince Jairo
    34 views19 pages
    Voltage is the electrical force that causes current to flow in a circuit, measured in volts. It is generated by the work done to move electric charge. Voltage can be direct current (DC), which is constant, or alternating current (AC), which varies sinusoidally over time. Current is the flow of electric charge measured in amperes, defined as the number of coulombs passing through a point per second. An alternating current changes direction cyclically, and its waveform defines how the voltage or current varies over time.

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    basic-elex-part2

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    Voltage is the electrical force that causes current to flow in a circuit, measured in volts. It is generated by the work done to move electric charge. Voltage can be direct current (DC), which is constant, or alternating current (AC), which varies sinusoidally over time. Current is the flow of electric charge measured in amperes, defined as the number of coulombs passing through a point per second. An alternating current changes direction cyclically, and its waveform defines how the voltage or current varies over time.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    34 views19 pages

    Voltage, Current & Resistance

    Uploaded by

    Prince Jairo
    Voltage is the electrical force that causes current to flow in a circuit, measured in volts. It is generated by the work done to move electric charge. Voltage can be direct current (DC), which is constant, or alternating current (AC), which varies sinusoidally over time. Current is the flow of electric charge measured in amperes, defined as the number of coulombs passing through a point per second. An alternating current changes direction cyclically, and its waveform defines how the voltage or current varies over time.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 19

    VOLTAGE,

    CURRENT &
    RESISTANCE
     Voltage is the electrical force, or "pressure", that
    causes the current to flow in a circuit. It is measured
    in VOLTS (V or E).
     Normally the letter V is used for volts in an equation
    like Ohm’s law, but occasionally the letter “E” may
    be used - this stands for “EMF” or Electro-Motive
    Force.

    VOLTAGE
    VOLTAGE
     What is a volt?
     The basic unit of voltage, named after the Italian scientist, Alessandro
    Volta, who made some early batteries and performed many other
    experiments with electricity.
     The standard unit of potential difference and electromotive force in the
    International System of Units(SI), formally defined to be the difference
    of electric potential between two points of a conductor carrying a
    constant current of one ampere, when the power dissipated between
    these points is equal to one watt.
    VOLTAGE
     Potential Difference:
     The ability of a charged particle to do work is called Electric Potential.
    The two dissimilar charges have a difference of potential and the unit
    of potential difference is called “VOLT”.
     It involves work which is the measure of the amount of work required
    to move an electric charge.

    VOLTAGE
    Where:
    V= is the generated voltage
     Volt: W= is the work done to move the electric charge
       Q= is the charges passing a fixed point.

    VOLTAGE
     Volt:
     A constant voltage is called a Direct Current Voltage “DC Voltage”
     A voltage that varies sinusoidal with time is called an Alternating
    Current Voltage “AC Voltage”

    VOLTAGE
     The unit of charge is “Coulomb”(C). The symbol of
    electric charge is “Q”.
     One Coulomb of charge is equal to 6.25x1018
    electrons.

    UNIT OF CHARGE
     Electric Current:
     It is the flow of electric charge in the form of free
    electrons.
     Current is measured by the number of free electrons
    passing a particular point within a circuit per second.

    ELECTRIC CURRENT
     Electric Current:
     The International System of Units for Current is
    AMPERE, A or Amp.
     A constant current has symbol of I
     A time-varying current has a symbol of i,this denotes
    the intensity.
    ELECTRIC CURRENT
    CURRENT
    Where:
    I= Current flowing at a given point
     Electric Current: Q= is the charges passing a fixed point.
      
     t= is the time taken to pass a given point.

    CURRENT
     Electric Current:
     Electric current is associated with direction of flow.
     Conventional Current Flow- is the in the direction
    of positive charge movement, that is from positive to
    negative.
     Electron Current Flow- is the opposite direction
    flowing from negative to positive.

    ELECTRIC CURRENT
     Alternating Current, (AC)- it is a current that
    changes direction cyclically.
     The variation of an AC voltage or an AC current
    over time is called waveform.

    AC WAVEFORMS
    AC WAVEFORMS
    • RMS means “Root Mean Squared” value.The RMS
    value is defined as the “Square root of the averages of
    the squares of all instantaneous voltages or current in
    the wave form”.
    • The Form factor is the ratio of the RMS voltage
    value of an alternating waveform to its average
    voltage. It is denoted with Kf.
    • Kf = VRMS / VAVG
    • Kf = 0.7071 VMAX / 0.637 VMAX= 1.11
    • The Crest factor is the ratio of peak voltage value to
    its RMS voltage value. We also call this as “Peak
    factor” or “Amplitude factor”. It is denoted with Kp.
    • Crest factor = Peak voltage / RMS voltage
    • Kp = VPEAK (or VMAX) / VRMS
    AC WAVEFORMS • Kp = VMAX / 0.707 VMAX= 1.414
     One complete variation between the same points on the
    waveform is referred to as a Cycle. Or it is simply mean the
    repetition of a set of positive and negative instantaneous values of
    alternating waveform.
     The time taken by the alternating waveform to complete one full
    cycle is known as its Time Period also called Wavelength in
    radio, it is denoted with letter “T”.
     The repeat of waveform at a regular intervals over time is called
    Periodic Waveform.
    AC WAVEFORMS
     The number of cycles per second of a waveform is
    called as Frequency.
     which has the unit of inverse second, s-1.
      
     In SI unit, the unit of frequency is hertz (Hz).

    AC WAVEFORMS
     The waveforms frequency expressed in electrical
    radians per second is called “Angular
      
    Frequency”(ω).
     or

    AC WAVEFORMS

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