Pak Relation With Neighbours

Socio-economic associations and
contemporary issues.
The objective of our presentation and introduction of
topic
INTRODUCTION
Pakistan and it’s Neighboring Countries
Importance of geo-strategic position and socio-economic
exchange
• Pakistan is bordered by 4 important countries on

all sides.
• China in the north.
• India in the north-east.
• Iran in the west.
• Afghanistan in the north-west.
• Our presentation aims to summarize our

economical and social relations with these four
countries.
Countries under
discussion
Pakistan’s Socio-economic relations with China
PEOPLES REPUBLIC OF CHINA

Overview
• Pakistan has long lasting terms with China and mutual interest is
central point of this strong ties
• Aim to transform strong political relations into strong economic ties.
• Relations with China began in 1950 when Pakistan became first
Muslim country accepting People Republic of China as an
Independent state.
• Both countries have exchanged tours on high level and have made
agreements on many issues.
• China provides Pakistan economic, military and technical assistance.
• China is assisting in improving Pakistan’s Nuclear power sector and in
establishment of seaport in Gwadar.
• China supports Pakistan on Kashmir Issue while Pakistan supports
China on Tibet, Xinjiang and Taiwan.
Pakistan-China Social Relations
• Pak-China Friendship
has reached new
heights recently.
• Delegations visit
frequently to
Chinese culture.
promote
• Several community
projects like the Pak-
China Friendship
Centre in Islamabad
have been completed to
promote goodwill.
• AIIB approves $500
millions for Pakistan's
• COVID-19 efforts.
Pak-China Economic Relations
• Economic trade between

both countries is increasing
• Current trade between both
countries is at $9 billion,
making China the second
largest trade partner of
Pakistan.
• Free trade agreement has
recently been signed.
Pak-China Economic Relations Continued
• Pak-China Economic Corridor is under construction.

• It will connect Pakistan with China and the Central
Asian countries.
• Gwadar port in southern Pakistan will serve as the trade
nerve centre for China in oil trade.
• Using Gwadar port will reduce the distance these ships
must travel and will also enable oil transfers to be made
year-round.
Socio-economic relations with India
REPUBLIC OF INDIA
Overview
• Ever since Independence and the break up of the sub-continent,
Pakistan and India have had less than cordial relations.
• The wars which took place in 1948, 1965 and 1971
further added to the hostility between the two nations.
• Kashmir issue remains a thorn in relations.
• Now ‘battles’ between India and India are fought on the cricket
pitch, showing that hostility remains in the hearts of the nation.
• Economic relations are strained due to this historical animosity
although the cultural similarities cannot be denied.
Social Relations of Pakistan with India
• Pakistan culture is quite similar to Indians as we
Muslims were once Indian Muslims and after
independence we were separated but the rituals and
culture didn’t change.
• They have same degree of cuisines and languages.
• It was even difficult to make a clear distinction
between Pakistani music and Indian music
Social Relations Continued
• The millions of
Muslims who migrated
from India to the newly
created Pakistan
during independence
came to be known as
Muhajir people.
the
• They are settled
predominantly in
Karachi
and
maintain family linksstill
in People migrating to Pakistan in
India. 1947
Indo-Pak Social Relations Continued
• Relations between Pakistan and India have also resumed
through platforms such as media and communications.
• Aman ki Asha is a joint venture and campaign between The
Times of India and the Jang Group calling for mutual peace and
development of diplomatic and cultural relations.
• The Wagah border
connects Lahore, Pakistan
with Amritsar, India.
• Each evening, the Wagah
border ceremony takes
place in which flags are
lowered and guards
both sides on make
pompous military displaya
and exchange handshakes.
Ceremony is viewed by
100s of people everyday.
• Wedding and matrimonial ties are still there. Some Indian and
Pakistani people marry across the border, particularly with
present generation of relatives who had migrated from India.
• Sports like Cricket and Hockey matches between the two have
often been political in nature and are followed closely by the
two nations.
Economic Relations with India
• Trade across direct routes has been curtailed formally.
• Actions are being taken for cooperation between the two
countries for the benefit of people through improved
economic relations and Pakistan - India trade to bring
prosperity to people of two countries.
• The bulk of India-Pakistan trade is routed through Dubai.
• But now Pakistan, India agrees over greater trade through

land route.
• In the TTA with Afghanistan, Pakistan refused to provide
India with land route to Afghanistan through Pakistan.
Socio-economic relations with Iran
ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF IRAN

Overview
• Iran was the first to extend recognition to the new State.
• It established diplomatic relations with Pakistan in May
1948.
• Iran-Pakistan relations have fluctuated over the years.
• Iran supported Pakistan whenever it faced the serious crises

and was in danger.
• It extended moral, political, diplomatic and financial
support to Pakistan.
• However the events of 9/11, the growing US-Pakistan
relations, and wars on Iran’s flanks have had their effect on
the relations between the two states.
Pak-Iran Social Relations
• Iran Centre of Culture (Khana-e-Farhung) was established
but was not fully successful in promoting goodwill.
• Social tensions are likely to continue in both the countries
in future.
• The deepening based on ethnicity, language,
differences
religious sectarianism and economic disparities
would have wider results and slowindown the performance
Pakistan
of the
domestic political system as well as the pursuit of the external
policies.
Pak-Iran Social Relations
• Shia-Suni sectarian clashes, in could have far-
particular, reaching Impact on Iran-Pakistan
• relationship.
More importantly, Iran’s
growing relations with India
particularly in defense
could affect Iran-Pakistan
relations in the coming
years.
Pak-Iran Economic Relations
• Quantum of trade is relatively low.

• Iran exported US$265 million to Pakistan whereas Iran
imported US$92 million from Pakistan during the financial
year 2003-2004.
• The Pak-Iran gas pipeline, also known as the Peace
pipeline, is an under construction pipeline to deliver natural
gas from Iran to Pakistan, thought to be finished in
December 2014.
Pak-Iran Economic Relations Continued
• The principal items of trade between Iran and Pakistan are
textile, agricultural products, fruits and iron ore.
• Iran has also shown keen interest to make investment in
various economic, industrial and mining sectors in
Pakistan.
• An agreement to promote bi-lateral trade was signed by
Governor of Iran’s Sistan-Balochistan Province, Hussain
Amini and his counterpart from Pakistan’s Southwest
Baluchistan province, Owais Ghani.
Socio-economic relations with Afghanistan
ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF
AFGHANISTAN
PAK-AFGHAN RELATIONS
• Pakistan shares its longest borderline with Afghanistan in
the north-west, the Durand Line, that of 2250 km.
• Both countries, being Islamic Republics, were expected to
have a somewhat friendly relation.
• However, this prediction was proved wrong right in the
beginning ever since Afghanistan refused to recognize
Pakistan as a sovereign state in 1947.
• Ever since then, Pakistan’s social, economical and political
relations with Afghanistan have been turbulent.
PAK-AFGHAN
RELATIONS
• When Pakistan got independence Afghanistan claimed on the
boundary of Pakistan. They demanded some territory of KPK and
Baluchistan.
• During the 1965 India Pakistan war, Afghanistan sided with
Pakistan which enabled Pakistan to fully concentrate on its war
with India and worry less about the security of its western border.
• Afghanistan maintained strict neutrality during the 1971 war
between India and Pakistan and refrained from taking advantage
of Pakistan’s preoccupation in war
Social Relations of Pakistan with
Afghanistan
• There is a grave social issue of Afghan refugees
who crossed over legally and illegally when the
USA attacked Afghanistan decade ago.
• Increase in crime rate took place due to this.
• Pakistan also was under economic stress due to

refugee camps.
• Pakistan and Afghanistan have never had a written
socio-cultural agreement promoting friendship
between the two countries.
Pak-Afghan Economic Relations
Transit Trade Agreement

• The 2010 agreement supersedes the 1965 Afghanistan
Transit Trade Agreement, which granted Afghanistan the
right to import duty-free goods through Pakistani seaports,
mostly notably from Karachi.
• The 1965 agreement did not offer Pakistan reciprocal
rights to export goods to the Soviet Union, nor to the
Central Asian Republics after the fall of the USSR
• Afghan trucks are to enter Pakistan via border crossings
at Torkham, Ghulam Khan, and Chaman to transit Afghan
goods across Pakistani territory, and to import goods from
Pakistani ports in Karachi, Port Qasim and Gwadar.
Pak-Afghan Economic Relations
 Trade between Pakistan and

Afghanistan reached all time
high during 2011-12 since then
it has decreased significantly
 Smuggling is major issue across
the Pakistan afghan border
which puts strain on the
resources of the country
Brief summary of topic
CONCLUSION
Conclusion of Topic
• Pakistan has a fierce independent foreign policy,
especially when it comes to issues such as development of
nuclear weapons, construction of nuclear reactors, foreign
military purchases and other issues that are vital to its
national interests.
• The relations of Pakistan with India are always under the
black clouds, both the countries do take steps towards the
betterment like Aman ki Asha but still there is a great
hurdle between the two countries.
• Iran has been a respected, popular, and favorable nation
among Pakistanis, with 76% of Pakistanis have
consistently view their western neighbor positively,
making Pakistan the most pro-Iran nation in the world.

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Socio-economic associations and

• Pakistan is bordered by 4 important countries on

• India in the north-east.

• Iran in the west.

• Afghanistan in the north-west.

• Our presentation aims to summarize our

PEOPLES REPUBLIC OF CHINA

• Economic trade between

• Pak-China Economic Corridor is under construction.

• But now Pakistan, India agrees over greater trade through

ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF IRAN

• Iran supported Pakistan whenever it faced the serious crises

• Quantum of trade is relatively low.

• Pakistan also was under economic stress due to

Transit Trade Agreement

 Trade between Pakistan and

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