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    Erosive wear occurs when a liquid or gas carrying solid particles impacts a surface at high velocity. The rate of erosive wear depends on factors like particle properties, impact velocity, and impingement angle. For ductile materials, maximum wear occurs at around 30 degree impingement angle, while for brittle materials maximum wear is at 90 degree normal impact. Erosive wear mechanisms can be adhesive, abrasive, or fatigue based depending on the material and particle properties.

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    Erosive wear occurs when a liquid or gas carrying solid particles impacts a surface at high velocity. The rate of erosive wear depends on factors like particle properties, impact velocity, and impingement angle. For ductile materials, maximum wear occurs at around 30 degree impingement angle, while for brittle materials maximum wear is at 90 degree normal impact. Erosive wear mechanisms can be adhesive, abrasive, or fatigue based depending on the material and particle properties.

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    Erosive wear occurs when a liquid or gas carrying solid particles impacts a surface at high velocity. The rate of erosive wear depends on factors like particle properties, impact velocity, and impingement angle. For ductile materials, maximum wear occurs at around 30 degree impingement angle, while for brittle materials maximum wear is at 90 degree normal impact. Erosive wear mechanisms can be adhesive, abrasive, or fatigue based depending on the material and particle properties.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    106 views43 pages

    Presentation 1

    Uploaded by

    Tgemunu
    Erosive wear occurs when a liquid or gas carrying solid particles impacts a surface at high velocity. The rate of erosive wear depends on factors like particle properties, impact velocity, and impingement angle. For ductile materials, maximum wear occurs at around 30 degree impingement angle, while for brittle materials maximum wear is at 90 degree normal impact. Erosive wear mechanisms can be adhesive, abrasive, or fatigue based depending on the material and particle properties.

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    of 43

    Erosive wears

    N.A.G.Wilson
    UWU/SCT/07/0047
    Science & Technology Department
    Materials Science & Technology Specialization
    Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka
    Content

     What is wear
     Types of wear
    Adhesive wear
    Abrasive wear
    Surface fatigue
    Erosive wear

    Applications of erosive ware


    References
    What is wear?
    In materials science, wear is the
    erosion of material from a solid
    surface by the action of another
    surface.

    It is related to surface interactions and more specifically the removal of material from
    a surface as a result of mechanical action.
    Types of wear
    Adhesive wear
    Abrasive wear
    Surface fatigue
    Fretting wear
    Erosive wear
    Adhesive wear
    Adhesive Wear
    Adhesive wear occurs when two
    smooth bodies are slid over each
    other,
    or
    pressed in to another and fragment
    are pulled off one surface and
    adhere to the another and
    fragment are pulled off one surface
    and adhere to the other ,due to
    the strong adhesive force between
    atoms.
    Adhesive Wear
    Adhesive Wear
    Abrasive wear
    Abrasive wear
    Abrasive wear is a primary wear mechanism.

    Particles enter the clearance space between two


    moving surfaces, and act like cutting tools to
    remove material from the surfaces.

    The particle sizes causing the most damage are


    those equal to and slightly larger than the
    clearance space.

    To protect opposing surfaces from abrasive


    wear, particles of approximately the operating
    clearance size range must be removed.
    Abrasive wear
    Abrasive wear
    Surface Fatigue
    Surface Fatigue
    When two surfaces slide across each
    other, the maximum shear stress
    lies some distance below the
    surface, causing micro cracks,
    which lead to failure of the
    component. These cracks initiate
    from the point where the shear
    stress is maximum, and propagate
    to the surface.
    Schematic of fatigue wear, due to the formation of surface
    and
    subsurface cracks
    Erosion
    Erosion

    Erosion is caused by a gas or a liquid which


    ordinarily carries entrained particles, impinging on a
    surface with velocity.

     When the angle of impingement is smaller than 30


    degrees, the wear-producing mechanism is closely
    analogous to abrasion.

     When the angle of impingement is larger than 45


    degrees to the surface, material is displaced by
    plastic flow or is dislodged by brittle failure.

     We can conclude that erosion is dependent of the


    size of the particles and the angle of impingement.
    This type of wear is especially noticed in
    components with high velocity flows such as
    servo and proportional valves. Particles
    repeatedly striking the surface may also cause
    denting and eventual fatigue of the surface .
    The SEM micrographs of Al
    a). before
    b). after 0.5 h erosion at 90o impact angle.
    Types of Erosive Wear
    Various erosion modes are described according
    to the erosive medium

     Liquid impingement erosion and cavitations


    erosion

    Solid particle erosion

    Slurry erosion

    Erosion/Corrosion
    Liquid impingement erosion and
    Liquid impingement erosion and
    cavitations
    cavitationserosion
    erosion
    liquid impingement erosion occurs when
    small drops of liquid are striking on the
    surface of a solid at high speed (1000 m/s)
    and very high pressures are experienced,
    exceeding the yield strength of most
    materials
    Solid particle erosion

    Solid particle erosion is the loss


    of material that results from
    repeated impact of small, solid
    particles in a gaseous or liquid
    medium
    Slurry erosion

    Slurry erosion is defined as the


    type of wear, or loss of mass, that
    is experienced by material
    exposed to a high-velocity
    stream of slurry
    Variables affecting the erosion can be broadly
    classified into three types.
    (1) impingement variables describing the particle flow:
    † particle velocity
    † angle of impact
    † particle concentration

    (2) particle variables:


    † particle shape
    † particle density
    † particle size

    (3) material variables (workpiece and particles):


    † Young’s modulus
    † Poisson’s ratio
    † plastic behavior
    † failure behavior
    According to wear mechanism

    Ductile

    Brittle
    Whether “brittle” or “ductile”
    behavior is obtained for a particular
    material may depend on

    • Particle size

    • Particle shape

    • Impact speed

    • Temperature
    Small size: impact on defect
    free area: plastic deformation

    Large size: impact on defect


    area: plastic deformation is not
    possible brittle fracture occurs
    Erosion of ductile materials
    Erosion of ductile materials
    Erosion of brittle materials
    •Applications adversely affected by
    erosion
    Polymer processing machines and others
    Coal plants (transport of pulverized coal)
    Gas turbines
    Power plants
    Pipelines
    Ship propellers
    Aircraft
    • Windshield
    • Wings
    • Propellers
    • Rotors
    Erosion of ductile materials
    Erosive wear
    SEM micro graph of surface eroded at 30°.
    SEM micro graph of surface eroded at 45°
    SEM micro graph of surface eroded at 60°.
    SEM micrographs

    (a) eroded at 90° (b) Magnified view of surface eroded at 90°


    Referenses
    Steve Roberts - Surface Engineering - Wear 23 Wear
    Punyapriya Mishra and S. K. Acharya,Solid particle erosion
    of Bagasse fiber reinforced epoxy
    composite, Department of Mechanical Engineering, NIT,
    Rourkela-769008, Orissa India.Accepted December 14, 2009
     Aino Helle, Peter Andersson, Tiina Ahlroos, Virpi
    Kupiainen, Erosive wear of coatings and methods tomonitor
    coating wear – A literature study, RESEARCH REPORT NO
    BTUO43-041265 29.9.2004 VTT TECHNICAL RESEARCH CENTRE OF
    FINLANDVTT INDUSTRIAL SYSTEMS
    THANK YOU
    “ Adhesive” Wear by plasticity

    Material is lost by fracture of asperities after contact


    Asperity contact and junction formation

    Fracture of one side of junction and material transfer

    Secondary asperity contact leads to loss of transferred material


    The rate of erosive wear is dependent upon a
    number of factors. The material characteristics
    of the particles, such as their shape, hardness,
    impact velocity and impingement angle are
    primary factors along with the properties of
    the surface being eroded. The impingement
    angle is one of the most important factors and
    is widely recognized in literature. For ductile
    materials the maximum wear rate is found
    when the impingement angle is approximately
    30o, whilst for non ductile materials the
    maximum wear rate occurs when the
    impingement angle is normal to the surface.

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