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    Chemical Bonding II:: Molecular Geometry

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    gymnast1
    The document describes the valence shell electron pair repulsion (VSEPR) model for predicting molecular geometry. It defines classes based on the number of atoms bonded to the central atom and lone pairs. The classes include AB2, AB3, AB4, etc. It explains that lone pairs have more repulsion than bonding pairs, decreasing bond angles. Many molecular geometries are predicted based on the VSEPR model, such as linear, bent, trigonal planar, tetrahedral, trigonal pyramidal, and octahedral. Examples of applying the model are also provided.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Chemical Bonding II:: Molecular Geometry

    Uploaded by

    gymnast1
    30 views25 pages
    The document describes the valence shell electron pair repulsion (VSEPR) model for predicting molecular geometry. It defines classes based on the number of atoms bonded to the central atom and lone pairs. The classes include AB2, AB3, AB4, etc. It explains that lone pairs have more repulsion than bonding pairs, decreasing bond angles. Many molecular geometries are predicted based on the VSEPR model, such as linear, bent, trigonal planar, tetrahedral, trigonal pyramidal, and octahedral. Examples of applying the model are also provided.

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    03 VSEPR

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    The document describes the valence shell electron pair repulsion (VSEPR) model for predicting molecular geometry. It defines classes based on the number of atoms bonded to the central atom and lone pairs. The classes include AB2, AB3, AB4, etc. It explains that lone pairs have more repulsion than bonding pairs, decreasing bond angles. Many molecular geometries are predicted based on the VSEPR model, such as linear, bent, trigonal planar, tetrahedral, trigonal pyramidal, and octahedral. Examples of applying the model are also provided.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    30 views25 pages

    Chemical Bonding II:: Molecular Geometry

    Uploaded by

    gymnast1
    The document describes the valence shell electron pair repulsion (VSEPR) model for predicting molecular geometry. It defines classes based on the number of atoms bonded to the central atom and lone pairs. The classes include AB2, AB3, AB4, etc. It explains that lone pairs have more repulsion than bonding pairs, decreasing bond angles. Many molecular geometries are predicted based on the VSEPR model, such as linear, bent, trigonal planar, tetrahedral, trigonal pyramidal, and octahedral. Examples of applying the model are also provided.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 25

    Chemical Bonding II:

    Molecular Geometry
    Chapter 10
    Valence shell electron pair repulsion (VSEPR) model:

    Predict the geometry of the molecule from the


    electrostatic repulsions between the electron
    (bonding and nonbonding) pairs.
    # of atoms # lone
    bonded to pairs on Arrangement of Molecular
    Class central atom central atom electron pairs Geometry

    AB2 2 0 linear linear


    B B

    10.1
    0 lone pairs on central atom

    Cl Be Cl

    2 atoms bonded to central atom


    10.1
    VSEPR
    # of atoms # lone
    bonded to pairs on Arrangement of Molecular
    Class central atom central atom electron pairs Geometry
    AB2 2 0 linear linear
    trigonal trigonal
    AB3 3 0 planar planar

    10.1
    10.1
    VSEPR
    # of atoms # lone
    bonded to pairs on Arrangement of Molecular
    Class central atom central atom electron pairs Geometry
    AB2 2 0 linear linear

    trigonal planar trigonal planar


    AB3 3 0

    tetrahedral tetrahedral
    AB4 4 0

    10.1
    10.1
    VSEPR
    # of atoms # lone
    bonded to pairs on Arrangement of Molecular
    Class central atom central atom electron pairs Geometry
    AB2 2 0 linear linear

    trigonal planar trigonal planar


    AB3 3 0

    AB4 4 0 tetrahedral tetrahedral


    trigonal trigonal
    AB5 5 0 bipyramidal bipyramidal

    10.1
    10.1
    VSEPR
    # of atoms # lone
    bonded to pairs on Arrangement of Molecular
    Class central atom central atom electron pairs Geometry
    AB2 2 0 linear linear

    trigonal planar trigonal planar


    AB3 3 0

    AB4 4 0 tetrahedral tetrahedral

    trigonal trigonal
    AB5 5 0 bipyramidal bipyramidal

    octahedral octahedral
    AB6 6 0

    10.1
    10.1
    10.1
    • Lone Pairs have more
    repulsion then bonding
    pairs.
    • When a lone Pair is on the
    central atom, the bond
    angle decreases.
    bonding-pair vs. bonding lone-pair vs. bonding lone-pair vs. lone pair
    pair repulsion < pair repulsion < repulsion
    VSEPR
    # of atoms # lone
    bonded to pairs on Arrangement of Molecular
    Class central atom central atom electron pairs Geometry
    trigonal planar trigonal planar
    AB3 3 0

    trigonal planar
    bent
    AB2E 2 1

    10.1
    VSEPR
    # of atoms # lone
    bonded to pairs on Arrangement of Molecular
    Class central atom central atom electron pairs Geometry

    AB4 4 0 tetrahedral tetrahedral

    tetrahedral
    trigonal
    AB3E 3 1 pyramidal

    10.1
    VSEPR
    # of atoms # lone
    bonded to pairs on Arrangement of Molecular
    Class central atom central atom electron pairs Geometry

    AB4 4 0 tetrahedral tetrahedral

    trigonal
    AB3E 3 1 tetrahedral pyramidal

    AB2E2 2 2 tetrahedral bent


    O

    H H

    10.1
    VSEPR
    # of atoms # lone
    bonded to pairs on Arrangement of Molecular
    Class central atom central atom electron pairs Geometry
    trigonal trigonal
    AB5 5 0 bipyramidal bipyramidal

    trigonal
    4 1 See-Saw
    AB4E bipyramidal

    10.1
    VSEPR
    # of atoms # lone
    bonded to pairs on Arrangement of Molecular
    Class central atom central atom electron pairs Geometry
    trigonal trigonal
    AB5 5 0 bipyramidal bipyramidal

    trigonal distorted
    AB4E 4 1 bipyramidal tetrahedron

    trigonal
    AB3E2 3 2 bipyramidal T-shaped
    F

    F Cl

    10.1
    VSEPR
    # of atoms # lone
    bonded to pairs on Arrangement of Molecular
    Class central atom central atom electron pairs Geometry
    trigonal trigonal
    AB5 5 0 bipyramidal bipyramidal

    trigonal distorted
    AB4E 4 1 bipyramidal tetrahedron

    trigonal
    AB3E2 3 2 bipyramidal T-shaped

    trigonal linear
    AB2E3 2 3 bipyramidal
    I

    I 10.1
    VSEPR
    # of atoms # lone
    bonded to pairs on Arrangement of Molecular
    Class central atom central atom electron pairs Geometry

    AB6 6 0 octahedral octahedral


    square
    octahedral
    AB5E 5 1 pyramidal
    F
    F F

    Br
    F F

    10.1
    VSEPR
    # of atoms # lone
    bonded to pairs on Arrangement of Molecular
    Class central atom central atom electron pairs Geometry

    AB6 6 0 octahedral octahedral

    square
    AB5E 5 1 octahedral
    pyramidal
    square
    octahedral
    AB4E2 4 2 planar
    F F

    Xe
    F F

    10.1
    10.1
    Predicting Molecular Geometry
    1. Draw Lewis structure for molecule.
    2. Count number of lone pairs and number of atoms
    bonded to the central atom.
    3. Use VSEPR to predict the geometry of the
    molecule.

    Examples: F SF4
    O S O AB4E
    F S F

    SO2 distorted
    AB2E F Tetrahedron
    bent / See-Saw
    10.1
    Examples

    • CCl4

    • SCl4

    • CH3COOH

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