This house believes that the

Pugadlaw
“Cry” happened in

in
 Teodoro A. Agoncillo
Teodoro A. Agoncillo is considered one of the most important historians of our time. His
new brand of historiography did away with conventional ways of writing the history of the
Philippines—through the eyes of foreigners—and introduced a more Filipino-centric style,
seeing the events of the Philippines unfold through the eyes of Filipinos. Today, his works
are considered essential to the study of Philippine history and have also transcended the
realm of classic literature.
In 1985 Agoncillo was included in the roster of the Order of National Scientists by President
Ferdinand E. Marcos for his contributions to Philippine History. His notable works include
The History of the Filipino People; Malolos: The Crisis of the Republic; The Writings and
Trials of Bonifacio; and Revolt of the Masses.
 Pío Valenzuela y
Alejandrino
Pío Valenzuela y Alejandrino (July 11, 1869 – April 6, 1956) was a Filipino physician and
revolutionary leader. At the age of 23, he joined the society of Katipunan, a movement that
sought the independence of the Philippines from Spanish colonial rule and started the
Philippine Revolution. Together with Andrés Bonifacio and Emilio Jacinto, they formed the
secret chamber of the society called Camara Reina. He took charge of the publication of
Ang Kalayaan, Katipunan's first and only official publication.[1][2] He was the one who
tried to convince the exiled José Rizal to join the revolutionary movement.
 Dr. Isagani R. Medina
Historian, librarian, bibliographer, archivist, linguist, and writer, Dr. Isagani R. Medina
(1930-2004) was born in Corregidor Island, Cavite. He obtained a BA in Library Science
(1953) and a Ph.D. in History (1985) from the University of the Philippines. He also held an
MA in Library Science from the University of Michigan in the USA. In 2001, he was
awarded the Dangal ng Haraya (Lifetime Achievement Award) in Cultural Research by the
NCCA.
 The supposed site of "Pugad lawin" is situated in Brgy.Bahay
Toro,Quezon City, and is memorialized with a tableau of life sized,
oddly rigid katipuneros tearing their cedulas. In the vicinity of this place,
Andres Bonifacio and 1000 katipuneros met in the morning of August
23,1896 and decided to launch the revolution against the spanish
government in the Philippines. They affirmed their decision to tear their
cedulas, which symbolizes the enslavement of the Filipinos. The first cry
of the oppressed people against the spanish nation and was given force
by means of arms in 1896 in the house and yard of Juan Ramos
.Between August 23 and 26,1896 in what was then the municipality of
Caloocan.
 With the help and guidance of witnesses like Pio
Valenzuela,Agoncillo, and other historians who agreed that the
Pugadlawin area is where the first cry occurred. The doubt about the
exact site could be put aside, as Ambeth Ocampo has suggested simply
by calling the occasion the "Cry of Caloocan". But this fudge would not
in the controversy and they debate it over the years.
 The alleged incident is divided into three. the “pasya” – the
decision to revolt; the “pagpupunit” – the tearing of cedulas; and
the “unang labanan” – the first encounter with Spanish forces. The
first battle was the first suppression of the Katipuneros by the
Spaniards. It is true that the incident took place in Balintawak, but
we are talking about where the first cry was, and where the
Filipinos tore the cedula. The first cry will be involved in deciding
and tearing, but not in the first battle. So Balintawak cannot be the
place of the first cry that was agreed upon by Teodoro Agoncillo, a
writer and historian known for his book called The Revolt of the
Masses.
Dr. Pio
Valenzuela
The foremost proponent of this argument was Dr
Pio Valenzuela, who had been the Vice-President
of the Katipunan at the outbreak of the
revolution and who had latterly, in the early
1920s, He was a prestigious figure and a good
friend of Bonifacio. Valenzuela recalled that
PugadLawin was in PasongTamo – “sa loob ng
nayong Pasong Tamo”.
 In 1928, Valenzuela went to Pasong Tamo to commemorate
the “Cry” together with four other well-known KKK veterans –
Gregoria de Jesus, Briccio Pantas and the brothers Alfonso and
Cipriano Pacheco.Even though Pio Valenzuela said the pasya as
well as the unang labanan should be commemorated at or near this
site in Pasong Tamo,in either 1928 or 1929, Pio Valenzuela, Briccio
Pantas and Cipriano Pacheco issued a joint statement to the effect
that the “Cry” had taken place not in Balintawak, where the
monument had been erected, but in “the place known by the name
of PugadLawin”.
 First, the so-called First Cry took place at Pugad-lawin on
August 23, and second, it was from the house of Tandang Sora that
Katipunan members sallied forth to challenge the might of Spain at
the house of Tandang Sora in Pugad-lawin in the afternoon of
August 24 and not August 22. Tandang Sora’s son, Juan A.
Ramos, was a member of the secret organization; hence it was
natural for the Katipuneros to seek refuge there.”
 Pio Valenzuela’s Controversial “Cry of Pugad Lawin” (August
23, 1896) This controversial version of the “Cry of the Pugad
Lawin” has been authorized by no other than Dr. Pio Valenzuela,
who happened to be the eyewitness himself of the event. In his first
version, he said that the prime staging point of the Cry was in
Balintawak on Wednesday of August 26, 1896. He held this
account when the happenings or events are still vivid in his
memory. On the other hand, later in his life and with a fading memory,
he wrote his Memoirs of the Revolution without consulting the
written documents of the Philippine revolution and claimed that the
“Cry” took place at Pugad Lawin on August 23, 1896. Below is his
account on this topic:
 “The first place of refuge of Andres Bonifacio, Emilio
Jacinto, Procopio Bonifacio, Teodoro Plata, Aguedo del Rosario,
and myself was Balintawak, the first five arriving there on August
19 and I, on August 20, 1896. The first place where some 500
members of the Katipunan met on August 22, 1896, was the house
and yard of Apolonio Samson at Kangkong. Aside from the
persons mentioned above, among those who were there were
Briccio Pantas, Alejandro Santiago, Ramon Bernardo, Apolonio
Samson, and others. Here, views were only exchanged, and no
resolution was debated or adopted.
 It was at Pugad Lawin, in the house, store-house, and yard of
Juan Ramos, son of Melchora Aquino, where over 1,000 members
of the Katipunan met and carried out considerable debate and
discussion on August 23, 1986. The discussion was on whether or
not the revolution against the Spanish government should be
started on August 29, 1986. Only one man protested and fought
against a war, and that was Teodora Plata [Bonifacio’s brother-
in-law-Z].
 Besides the persons named above, among those present at
this meeting were Enrique Cipriano, Alfonso Pacheco, Tomas
Remigio, Sinforoso San Pedro, and others. After the
tumultuous meeting, many of those present tore their cedula
certificates and shouted “Long live the Philippines! Long live the
Philippines!”
 Isagani
Medina
The foremost proponent of “PugadLawin in Bahay
Toro” in this renewed debate was Isagani R.
Medina. He presented the case for Bahay Toro
more fully, and with more documentation, than
anybody else has before or since, first in a paper
he delivered at a conference in 1993 and then in
his annotations to Ronquillo’s memoirs.
 According to Isagani Medina, this is also the day of the
meeting when the cedulas were torn. The cedulas symbolizes the
Filipinos being a slave to the Spaniards. According to his studies,
that is according to the testimony of Dr. Pio Valenzuela, the first
cry of the revolution took place on August 23, 1896. The tearing of
the cedula took place on August 23, 1896, and on August 26 the
Katipuneros attacked the Spaniards.
 When Isagani Medina approached the evidence, he got a letter
from the house of Ramos, the son of Melchora Aquino saying that
the first cry took place at Pugad Lawin. Medina's publications and
others in 1996 provided clearer information on where the first cry
of the revolution took place. But this did not resolve the debates.
Medina found official documents from 1896, the vecindarios or
lists of residents for the municipality of Caloocan, which show that
Melchora Aquino and Juan Ramos, mother and son, were listed
under different cabecerías.
 Unfortunately, though, he does not explain how he jumps from
the evidence that Ramos and his mother lived in different places to
the conclusion that Ramos’s cabecería was located in “sitio
PugadLawin” had come out to meet Pio Valenzuela and the others
when they visited PugadLawin in 1940, back when it was a
“wooded knoll” not far from Pasong Tamo. He collaborated with
four veterans who witnessed the ‘‘cry’’and based on them. In
reality, not a single one of these five men left any written testimony
to the effect that PugadLawin was situated in the barrio of Bahay
Toro. Valenzuela, Pantas and Pacheco, as we saw, commemorated
the “Cry” near Pasong Tamo in 1928, and Valenzuela did so again
in 1940.
 In its search for the truth, the Panel did not find any document
that could challenge the decision that was rendered by the
Philippine Historical Committee in 1963. Five years later, in 2001,
the National Historical Institute reviewed the evidence. Among
those who studied the evidence were three historians and a supreme
court official. Its members revisit the literature which contains the
information and statements of those who agree with it. Therefore,
the Panel respectfully recommends that the National Historical
Institute re-affirm the said position that the ‘First Cry’ took place in
Pugadlawin on August 23, 1896.”
References
Teodoro A. Agoncillo, The Revolt of the Masses: the story of
Bonifacio and the Katipunan (Quezon City: University of the Philippines,
1956),150;

Teodoro A. Agoncillo, “Four Girls and a Man,” Part IX, Manila Times,
October 27, 1956;

Teodoro A. Agoncillo and Milagros C. Guerrero, History of the Filipino

People, Fifth Edition (Quezon City: R. P. Garcia, 1977), 196
References
Teodoro A. Agoncillo: GOVPH. (n.d.). Retrieved November 09, 2020,
from https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/teodoro-a-agoncillo/

Isagani R. Medina, “Ang Unang Deklarasyon ng Paglaya sa Pugadlawin,

Bahay Toro, Kalookan, Agosto 23, 1896,” [1993] in Isagani R. Medina,
May tainga ang lupa: Espionage in the Philippines (1896-1902) and Other
Essays (Manila: UST Publishing House, 2002), 69-90. (Papel na binasa sa
“Unang Kapulungang Pambansa ukol sa Pagbabalak sa Sentenaryo ng
Rebolusyong Pilipino,” Adamson University, Hulyo 21, 1993).
References
Isagani R. Medina (Author of Cavite Before The Revolution, 1571
1896). (n.d.). Retrieved November 09, 2020, from
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/1490629.Isagani_R_Medina

Unknown. (1970, January 01). Document: Memoirs of Dr. Pio Valenzuela

(1978 publication). Retrieved November 08, 2020, from
https://piovalenzuela150.blogspot.com/2019/01/document-memoirs-of-dr-
pio-valenzuela.html

https://ncca.gov.ph/about-culture-and-arts/in-focus/balintawak-the-cry-for-
a-nationwide-revolution/
Group 29 - Supremo

Christopher James C. Tortal

Nhea Elyssa Tabor
Jamvy Estrada Soriano
Jezreel Purisima Sumagang
Trisha Anne Baretto
 Group 29
Supremos
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