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    Electrical Safety: Jubail Technical Institute Occupational Health and Safety - Bshs 1502

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    Ibrahim Ahmed
    The document discusses electrical safety. It defines key electrical terms like circuits, current, resistance, and alternating vs direct current. It explains that electricity must have a complete path to flow and that the human body is a conductor. The document discusses electrical hazards like shock and electrocution. It states that currents between 100-200 milliamps can be fatal and explores factors that affect the impact of shocks on the body. The document also outlines work practices and protective equipment to prevent electrical hazards.

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    Electrical Safety: Jubail Technical Institute Occupational Health and Safety - Bshs 1502

    Uploaded by

    Ibrahim Ahmed
    34 views22 pages
    The document discusses electrical safety. It defines key electrical terms like circuits, current, resistance, and alternating vs direct current. It explains that electricity must have a complete path to flow and that the human body is a conductor. The document discusses electrical hazards like shock and electrocution. It states that currents between 100-200 milliamps can be fatal and explores factors that affect the impact of shocks on the body. The document also outlines work practices and protective equipment to prevent electrical hazards.

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    The document discusses electrical safety. It defines key electrical terms like circuits, current, resistance, and alternating vs direct current. It explains that electricity must have a complete path to flow and that the human body is a conductor. The document discusses electrical hazards like shock and electrocution. It states that currents between 100-200 milliamps can be fatal and explores factors that affect the impact of shocks on the body. The document also outlines work practices and protective equipment to prevent electrical hazards.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    34 views22 pages

    Electrical Safety: Jubail Technical Institute Occupational Health and Safety - Bshs 1502

    Uploaded by

    Ibrahim Ahmed
    The document discusses electrical safety. It defines key electrical terms like circuits, current, resistance, and alternating vs direct current. It explains that electricity must have a complete path to flow and that the human body is a conductor. The document discusses electrical hazards like shock and electrocution. It states that currents between 100-200 milliamps can be fatal and explores factors that affect the impact of shocks on the body. The document also outlines work practices and protective equipment to prevent electrical hazards.

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    JUBAIL TECHNICAL INSTITUTE

    OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY - BSHS 1502

    CHAPTER 3
    ELECTRICAL SAFETY
    The electrical source has two terminals, designated positive (+) and negative (-)

    Electrons in a circuit move from the negative (-) to the positive (+)
    terminal
    Ohm Law: E (V) = I x R

    Voltage (V) = Current (I) x Resistance (R)


    Electrical Terms

    CIRCUIT ELECTRICITY
    complete path of the current The energy used to run household
    appliances and industrial machinery
    CURRENT RESISTANCE
    electrical movement, measured in (amps) restriction to electrical flow,
    measured in (ohms)
    ATERNATING CURRENT (AC) DIRECT CURRENT (DC)
    electric current reversing its direction of flow at electric current flowing in one direction.
    regular intervals. For example, it would alternate This type of current is commonly found in
    60 times every second in 60-cycle system. This batteries.
    type of current is commonly found in homes.
    CONDUCTERS INSULATORS
    Substances, like metals, with little Substances with high resistance to
    resistance to electricity that allow electricity electricity like glass, porcelain, plastic,
    to flow and dry wood
    WIRES
    GROUNDING
    Conductors carrying the electric current or
    A conductive connection to the earth which
    power to the load.
    acts as a protective measure
    FUSE
    CIRCUIT BREAKER
    Safety device that cuts off electricity when
    Safety device used to break the flow of
    the current flowing through the fuse
    electricity by opening the circuit
    exceeds its rated capacity
    automatically in the event of overloading
    Fundamentals of Electrical Hazards

     To flow electricity must have a complete path.


     Electricity flows through conductors like (water, metal, the human
    body)
     Insulators are non-conductors
     The human body is a conductor.
    Effect of Current
    It's not the voltage but the current that kills. People have been killed by 100 volts
    AC in the home and with as little as 42 volts DC.
    Currents between 100 and 200 mill amperes (0.1 ampere and 0.2 ampere) are fatal.

    Current (amps) Human Reaction


     
    0.001 Perception level. Just a faint tingle
    Slight shock felt; not painful but disturbing. Average
    0.005
    individual can let go.
    0.006-0.025 Painful shock, muscular control is lost.
    (Women)
    0.009-0.030
    This is called the freezing current
    (Men)
    0.050-0.150 Extreme pain, respiratory arrest, severe muscular
    contractions.
    1 - 4.3 Ventricular fibrillation.
    10
    Cardiac arrest, severe burns and probable death.
     
    Hazards of Electricity

    Electrical Shock
    Electric shock occurs when the human Electrocution
    body becomes part of the path through The direct result of shock can be electrocution
    which current flows.

    Electrical Burns Death


    Burns can result when a person touches Death can result when a person touches electrical
    electrical wiring or equipment that is .current more than 100 mill amperes
    energized.
    Electrical Shocks
    • Causes of shocks 

    1- Contact both wires of an electric circuit. 2- Contact one wire of an energized circuit and the
    ground.

    • The effect of shocks on the body depend on:

     The amount of current flowing through the body.


     The current’s path through the body.
     The length of time the body remains in the circuit.
    • What work practices help protect you against electrical hazards?

     Reenergizing electric equipment before inspection or repair,


     Keeping electric tools properly maintained,
     Exercising caution when working near energized lines.
     Using appropriate protective equipment.
    • Protection against shock
    Grounding
    Electrical circuits may be connected to ground (earth) for several reasons. In mains
    powered equipment, exposed metal parts are connected to ground to prevent contact with
    a dangerous voltage if electrical insulation fails
    Ground Fault
    Electrical Protective Equipment
    Lockout / Tagout
    Avoid the following unsafe acts:

    Using 3-wire cord with a


    2-wire plug
    Removing the third
    Use of defective and prong (ground pin)
    unsafe tools

    Overloading outlets with too


    many appliances
    Some common causes of unsafe equipment

    Loose connections Faulty insulation Defective parts

    Improper grounding Use of "homemade" Unguarded live parts


    (removal of 3rd prong)
    extension cords

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