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    NYSTAGMUS

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    henok biruk
    Nystagmus is an involuntary eye movement that occurs in two phases - a slow drift and corrective saccade. There are different types including jerk, pendular, dissociated, and disjunctive nystagmus. Congenital nystagmus occurs in infancy and may be horizontal and conjugate with a null point. Latent nystagmus begins when binocular fusion is disrupted. Monocular childhood nystagmus affects one eye vertically with reduced acuity. Treatment includes GABA agonists, amblyopia therapy, base out prisms, and surgery.

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    NYSTAGMUS

    Uploaded by

    henok biruk
    66 views6 pages
    Nystagmus is an involuntary eye movement that occurs in two phases - a slow drift and corrective saccade. There are different types including jerk, pendular, dissociated, and disjunctive nystagmus. Congenital nystagmus occurs in infancy and may be horizontal and conjugate with a null point. Latent nystagmus begins when binocular fusion is disrupted. Monocular childhood nystagmus affects one eye vertically with reduced acuity. Treatment includes GABA agonists, amblyopia therapy, base out prisms, and surgery.

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    Nystagmus is an involuntary eye movement that occurs in two phases - a slow drift and corrective saccade. There are different types including jerk, pendular, dissociated, and disjunctive nystagmus. Congenital nystagmus occurs in infancy and may be horizontal and conjugate with a null point. Latent nystagmus begins when binocular fusion is disrupted. Monocular childhood nystagmus affects one eye vertically with reduced acuity. Treatment includes GABA agonists, amblyopia therapy, base out prisms, and surgery.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    66 views6 pages

    NYSTAGMUS

    Uploaded by

    henok biruk
    Nystagmus is an involuntary eye movement that occurs in two phases - a slow drift and corrective saccade. There are different types including jerk, pendular, dissociated, and disjunctive nystagmus. Congenital nystagmus occurs in infancy and may be horizontal and conjugate with a null point. Latent nystagmus begins when binocular fusion is disrupted. Monocular childhood nystagmus affects one eye vertically with reduced acuity. Treatment includes GABA agonists, amblyopia therapy, base out prisms, and surgery.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 6

    NYSTAGMUS

     Is an abnormal involuntary eye movement


     Which is secondary to

    - Inability to maintain fixation


    - Loss of normal inhibitory influence on eye movement
    . It has two phases
    - A slow drift from the target of interest
    - A corrective saccade from back to the target of interest
    . A difference in the speed of the two phases causes Jerk
    nystagmus, and when the back and forth movements are equal
    in both speed and amplitude it causes pendular nystagmus.
    . By convention the direction of Jerk nystagmus is reported as the
    direction of fast phase phenomenon
     When the size of oscillation differs in each eye it is
    called dissociated nystagmus.
     When the direction of oscillation differs it is called
    disconjugate or disjunctive nystagmus.
     The amplitude of nystagmus often changes with
    gaze position , a few beats of nystagmus are
    normally present in extremes of horizontal gaze
    (beyond 45 degree) especially in older patients this
    shouldn't be considered abnormal unless the
    nystagmus is persistent.
    CONGENITAL NYSTAGMUS

    . It could be jerk or pendular


    . Manifests with in the first few months of life
     Positive family history

     Almost always conjugate and horizontal

     Patients are not bothered by the eye movement.

     Vision may be good or poor.

     Nystagmus may be continuous or intermittent

     There is a null point

     If the null point is not in the primary position patient often

    adopts a head tilt to improve vision


     Visual fixation on a distant target usually amplifies conjugate

    nystagmus but convergence on a near target damps it.


     15% of patients have strabismus
     No osilopsia
     Abolishes in sleep

    LATENT NYSTAGMUS
    . Conjugate jerk nystagmus
    . Begins when binocular fusion is disrupted
    . Fast phase beat towards the viewing eye
    . Esotropia almost always present
    . Esotropic eye usually has decreased visual acuity
     Subnormal steriopsis
     Variably presents as the esotropic eye is supressed
     May be present with congenital nystagmus in the
    same patient

    MONOCULAR NYSTAGMUS OF CHILDHOOD


    . Nystagmus only in one eye
    . Vertical
    . Smaller amplitude
    . The eye with nystagmus may have reduced visual
    acuity, Optic atrophy, RAPD
    TREATMENT OF NYSTAGMUS
     1. GABA agonist e.g Baclofen, clonazepam,
    Gabapentin.
     2.Nystagmus associated with amblyiopia can be
    improved with amblyiopia therapy.
     3. Base out prism can be given to those patients
    whose nystagmus decreases with convergence.
     4. Surgery—Anderson-Kestonbaum procedure to
    bring the null point to primary position.

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