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    Fire Safety

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    anon_187894327
    This document discusses fire safety, providing statistics on fires in the US, definitions of key terms, explanations of combustion principles like the fire tetrahedron, the three phases of fire, types of fire hazards and fires, and guidance on general fire safety practices and the proper use of portable fire extinguishers.

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    Fire Safety

    Uploaded by

    anon_187894327
    43 views22 pages
    This document discusses fire safety, providing statistics on fires in the US, definitions of key terms, explanations of combustion principles like the fire tetrahedron, the three phases of fire, types of fire hazards and fires, and guidance on general fire safety practices and the proper use of portable fire extinguishers.

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    Fire_Safety

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    This document discusses fire safety, providing statistics on fires in the US, definitions of key terms, explanations of combustion principles like the fire tetrahedron, the three phases of fire, types of fire hazards and fires, and guidance on general fire safety practices and the proper use of portable fire extinguishers.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    43 views22 pages

    Fire Safety

    Uploaded by

    anon_187894327
    This document discusses fire safety, providing statistics on fires in the US, definitions of key terms, explanations of combustion principles like the fire tetrahedron, the three phases of fire, types of fire hazards and fires, and guidance on general fire safety practices and the proper use of portable fire extinguishers.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 22

    Fire Safety

    The Stats
    • Fire death statistics 1986-95
    throughout the united states
    – 2.1 Million Fires Reported Per Year
    – 5,100 Average Civilian Deaths
    – 28,500 Injuries
    – 9.6 Billion Dollars in Losses
    Definitions
    • Carbon dioxide (co2)
    • Combustible
    • Combustion
    • Conduction
    • Convection
    Definitions
    • Fire cause
    • Fire prevention code
    • Flammable
    • Flash point
    • Ignition source
    • Ignition temperature
    Combustion
    • Chemical reaction between
    – Combustible material (fuel)
    – Oxygen
    – Ignition source
    • Rapid oxidation of combustible
    material accompanied by a release of
    energy in the form of heat and light
    Types of Heat Energy
    • Chemical
    – heat of combustion
    – spontaneous heating
    – heat of decomposition
    – heat of solution
    Types of Heat Energy
    • Electrical
    – Resistance Heating
    – Dielectric Heating
    – Induction Heating
    – Leakage Current Heating
    – Heat from Arcing
    – Static Electricity Heating
    – Heat Generated by Lighting
    Types of Heat Energy
    • Mechanical
    – Frictional heat
    – Frictional sparks
    – Heat of compression
    • Nuclear heat energy
    – Nuclear Fission and Fusion
    Fire Tetrahedron
    • Triangle is out…. Tetrahedron is in…
    • Consists of 4 Sides

    Oxygen Fuel

    Heat Chain of reaction


    Three Phases of Fire
    • Incipient
    – Oxygen content in air not reduced
    • Hot smoldering
    – Flame may cease to exist if area is
    airtight
    – Burning reduced to glowing embers
    – Dense smoke fills the room
    • Free-burning
    Fire Hazards
    • Any
    – Material
    – Condition
    – Or act
    • That contributes to the start of a fire,
    or
    • Increases the extent and severity of a
    fire
    2 Types 0f Fire Hazards
    • Common
    – Likely to be found in almost all
    occupancies
    – Not associated with a specific:
    • Occupancy
    • Process or activity
    • Special
    – arises from the process or operations
    taking place in the space
    General Fire Safety
    • Housekeeping
    – Storage & Disposal of Trash & Debris
    – Containers - selected by waste type
    • general
    • smoking materials
    • oily rags
    • highly combustible materials
    Waste Containers
    • Locate away from
    – Heat sources
    • Space heaters; Furnaces; Steam pipes
    – Flammable & combustible liquids
    – Directly under combustible objects
    • Exterior cans
    – Locate away from buildings so a trash
    fire will not spread to the building
    Flammable Trash Cans
    • Dispose of flammable waste in:
    – non-combustible container
    – with self closing, tight fitting lid
    • Oily or Greasy Materials
    – store in trash can with
    • airtight lids
    • supported by legs so the bottom is several
    inches off the floor
    Housekeeping
    Outside
    • Keep roofs, yards, courts, vacant
    lots & open spaces
    – Free of wastepaper
    – Weeds
    – Litter
    – Combustible waste & rubbish
    Types Of Fires
    • Class A
    – wood, cloth, paper, cardboard
    • Class B
    – flammable or combustible liquids,
    gases
    • Class C
    – energized electrical equipment
    • Class D
    – combustible metal
    Fire Extinguishers
    • Ratings
    – based on use by untrained operator
    – 8 inch deep layer of flammable liquid
    • Class A
    • Class B
    • Class C
    • Class D
    Placement
    • Readily visible
    – Near points of entry & exit
    – Protected from vandalism
    • Uniformly distributed
    – No more than 50 feet travel distance to
    fire for class B materials
    – No more than 75 feet travel distance to
    fire for class A materials
    Placement
    • Easily accessible
    – Free from blockage
    – Near normal paths of travel
    – Mounted no more than 5 feet off ground
    – Large extinguishers (+40 pounds)
    mounted on wheels
    Fire Extinguishers
    • Inspect monthly - ensure:
    – In proper location and it is accessible
    – Discharge nozzle or horn is not obstructed,
    cracked or dirty
    – Operating instructions on the nameplate are
    legible
    – Lock pins and tamper seals are in place
    – Extinguisher is full and ready for use
    – Extinguisher has an inspection tag
    Summary
    • Statistics • Fire hazards
    • Definitions • General fire
    • Combustion safety
    principles • Types of fires
    • Fire tetrahedron • Portable fire
    • 3 phases of fire extinguishers

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