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    Curing of Concrete

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    Ali Abdulameer
    Curing concrete involves maintaining moisture and moderate temperatures to allow hydration to occur. It is essential for cement hydration and strength development. There are various curing methods that serve three main purposes: 1) maintaining mixing water, 2) reducing water loss, and 3) accelerating strength gain. Common techniques include ponding, fogging, wet coverings, impervious sheets, and curing compounds. Proper curing increases concrete strength, durability, and reduces cracking. It is important not to allow concrete to dry prematurely.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Curing of Concrete

    Uploaded by

    Ali Abdulameer
    59 views46 pages
    Curing concrete involves maintaining moisture and moderate temperatures to allow hydration to occur. It is essential for cement hydration and strength development. There are various curing methods that serve three main purposes: 1) maintaining mixing water, 2) reducing water loss, and 3) accelerating strength gain. Common techniques include ponding, fogging, wet coverings, impervious sheets, and curing compounds. Proper curing increases concrete strength, durability, and reduces cracking. It is important not to allow concrete to dry prematurely.

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    Curing concrete involves maintaining moisture and moderate temperatures to allow hydration to occur. It is essential for cement hydration and strength development. There are various curing methods that serve three main purposes: 1) maintaining mixing water, 2) reducing water loss, and 3) accelerating strength gain. Common techniques include ponding, fogging, wet coverings, impervious sheets, and curing compounds. Proper curing increases concrete strength, durability, and reduces cracking. It is important not to allow concrete to dry prematurely.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    59 views46 pages

    Curing of Concrete

    Uploaded by

    Ali Abdulameer
    Curing concrete involves maintaining moisture and moderate temperatures to allow hydration to occur. It is essential for cement hydration and strength development. There are various curing methods that serve three main purposes: 1) maintaining mixing water, 2) reducing water loss, and 3) accelerating strength gain. Common techniques include ponding, fogging, wet coverings, impervious sheets, and curing compounds. Proper curing increases concrete strength, durability, and reduces cracking. It is important not to allow concrete to dry prematurely.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 46

    CURING CONCRETE

    CURING CONCRETE
    Presented to
    Dr. Ayub Elahi
    Presented by
     Waqar Saleem
     Muhammad Jahanzeb
     Muhammad Javed

     Muhammad Akmal
     Umair Yaseen
    Curing Concrete ( ASTM C31)
    Curing Concrete
    What is curing??

    Process to retain and maintain for a specific time

    1.Moisture(not less than 80%RH)


    2.Temperature(above freezing and below 176F or 80C)

    Essential for cement hydration


    Hydration
    What is hydration???
    It is a chemical process in which cement ingredients
    react with water.
    Tricalcium silicate + Water--->Calcium silicate
    hydrate+Calcium hydroxide + heat
    173.6kJ
    Dicalcium silicate + Water--->Calcium silicate hydrate
    + Calcium hydroxide +heat
    58.6KJ
    Hydration (ASTM C186)
    Hydration (stage I)
    Almost immediately on
    adding water
    some of the clinker Stage I
    sulphates and gypsum
    dissolve
    producing an alkaline,
    sulfate-rich, solution.
    Hydration (stage I)
    the (C3A) phase (the
    most reactive of the four
    main clinker minerals)
    reacts with the water to
    form an aluminate-rich
    gel
    Stage I on the heat
    evolution curve
    Hydration (stage I)
    (C3A) reaction is with
    water is strongly
    exothermic
    but does not last long
     typically only a few
    minutes
    Hydration (stage II)
    Stage I is followed by a
    period of a few hours of
    relatively low heat
    evolution.
     This is called the
    dormant, or induction
    period.
    Paste becomes stiff and
    not workable
    Hydration (stage III)
    main period of
    hydration
    the alite and belite in the
    cement start to react
    formation of calcium
    silicate hydrate and
    calcium hydroxide
    Hydration (stage III)
    time concrete strengths
    increase
    maximum heat
    evolution occurs
    typically between about
    10 and 20 hours
    after mixing and then
    gradually tails off
    HOW TO CURE???
    WHAT ARE PURPOSES OR FUNCTIONS??

    ????????
    Curing methods
    3 main purposes of curing
    1. Maintaining mixing water in concrete during the
    early hardening process
    2. 2. Reducing the loss of mixing water from the surface
    of the concrete
    3. Accelerating strength gain using heat and additional
    moisture
    First
    purpose

    Maintaining mixing water


    4 ways
    I. Ponding or immersion
    II. Spraying or fogging
    III. Saturated wet coverings
    IV. Left in place forms
    First
    purpose

    Maintaining mixing water


    First way

    Ponding OR immersion
    Maintaining mixing water
    Ponding or Immersion
    ASTM C192/C192M
    Ideal for preventing loss of moisture
    Maintain uniform temperature
    Disadvantages:
    Requires considerable labor and supervision
    Impractical for big jobs
    First
    purpose

    Maintaining mixing water


     2nd way

    Spraying and fogging


    Spraying or Fogging
    ASTM C192
    Excellent method when temperature is above
    freezing and humidity is low.
    Disadvantages:
    Cost
    Water erosion of the newly finished concrete form.
    First
    purpose

    Maintaining mixing water


     3rd way
     ASTM C84-36 

    Saturated wet covering


    Wet coverings
    Moisture-retaining fabrics saturated with water i.e
    burlap, cotton mats, rugs.
    Advantage
    1. no discoloration
    2 Resistant to rot and fire
    Disadvantage
    Periodic additions of water
    Use of polythylene film over wet covering will eliminate
    continuous watering
    ASTM C171(MATERIAL)
    First
    purpose

    Maintaining mixing water


    4th way

    Left in place forms


    Maintaining mixing water
    Left in place forms
    Advantages
    No extra cost or labour
    Easy
    Disadvantages
    Risky
    Extra care in hot weather
    And wood forms
    2nd
    purpose

    Reducing loss of water


    3 ways
    I. Impervious paper
    II. plastic sheets
    III. Membrane-forming
    compounds
    2nd
    purpose

    Reducing loss of water


    1st way
    ASTM C 309. (AASHTO
    M 148
    Covering concrete with
    impervious paper or
    plastic sheets
    Reducing
    loss of
    water

    Impervious paper
    Two sheets of kraft paper cemented tegether by a bitumious
    adhesive with fiber reinforcment.
    Advantages
    Very efficient for curing horizontal surfaces
    Periodic addition of water are not required
    Assures suitable hydration by preventing loss of moisture
    Reusable
    Tears and holes can easily be repaired with patches
    Disadvantage
    Marginal cost
    ASRM C171
    Reducing loss of water
    2nd way

    Plastic sheets
    Plastic sheets
    Polyethylene films, 4-mil thickness
    Advantages
    Lightweight
    Effective moisture barrier
    Easily applied to complex as well as simple shapes
    Disadvantages
    Can cause patchy discoloration
    More pronounced when film is wrinkled
    Periodic additions of water may be necessary to prevent
    discoloration
    ASTM C 171
    2nd
    purpose

    Reducing loss of water


    Applying membrane-
    forming curing
    compounds
    Membrane-forming compound
    Liquid membrane-forming compounds use to retard or reduce
    evaporation of water
    Waxes, resins, chlorinated rubber
    Advantages
     hand-operated or power-driven spray equipment
     One coat 150-200 sft per gallon
     Disadvantages
     Extra cost
     Skilled labour
    ASTM C309
    Efficiency check ASTM ASTM C156 - 09a 

    3nd
    purpose

    Accelerating strength gain


    4 ways

    I. Curing steam
    II. Heating coils
    III. Electrical heated forms or pads
    IV. Concrete blanket
    3nd
    purpose

    Accelerating strength gain


    1st way
    Steam Curing
    Advantageous where early strength gain is required, or
    Additional heat is required to accomplish hydration,
    ex. cold weather.
    Two Methods:
    Live steam (atmospheric pressure)
    Autoclave (high pressure)
    Steam curing
    3nd
    purpose

    Accelerating strength gain


    2nd way
    Heating coils
    Embedded near surface of concrete elements
    Prevention from freezing in cold weather
    3nd
    purpose

    Accelerating strength gain


    3rd way
    Electrical heated forms or pads
    Primarily used by precast concrete producers
    Now used in some sensitive projects
    3nd
    purpose

    Accelerating strength gain


    4th way
    ASTM C167
    Concrete blanket
    Insulate the surfaces in
    cold temperatures
    4300psi
    9hours
    Accelerating strength gain
    Winter Concrete Curing Blankets
     Prevents freezing, rapid drying, & cracking all winter 
    Thaw frozen ground prior to pouring
    Heat spreading technology cures concrete fast
    Roll it out, Plug it in, the blanket does the rest
    Accelerate your construction jobs all winter
    Produces ROCK-HARD concrete every time 
    Maintain optimal curing temperatures year-round
    Only pennies a day to operate
    Method Advantage Disadvantage

    Sprinkling with Water or covering Excellent results if constantly kept Likelihood of drying between
    with Burlap wet sprinklings; difficult on vertical walls
    Straw Insulator in winter Can dry out, blow away, burn
    Stains concrete, can dry out,
    Moist earth Cheap but messy removal problem

    Excellent results, maintain uniform Requires considerable labor,


    Ponding on flat surfaces temperature undesirable in freezing weather

    Sprayer needed; inadequate


    Curing compounds Easy to apply and inexpensive coverage allows dry out; film can be
    broken or tracked out before curing
    is completed; unless pigmented
    allows concrete to get too hot
    Heavy cost can be excessive; must
    Water proof paper be kept in rolls; storage and
    Excellent protection prevents drying handling problem
    Should  be  pigmented  for  heat
    protection;  requires  reasonable
     care and tears must be patched;
    must be weighed  down  to  prevent
    Plastic film
    Absolutely watertight, excellent  blowing away
    protection. Light and easy to handle
    Effects on hardened concrete
    Increased
    Strength
    Watertightness
    Abrasion resistance
    Freeze-thaw resistance
    Volume stability
    Curing tips
    ample water
    do not let it dry
    dry concrete = dead concrete, all reactions stop
    can not revitalize concrete after it dries
    keep temperature at a moderate level
    concrete with flyash requires longer curing
    Temperature effects on curing
    The higher the temperature the faster the curing
    best temperature is room temperature
    strongest concrete is made at temperature
    around 40 F.(not practical)
    If concrete freezes during the first 24 hrs., it may
    never be able to attain its original properties.
    Temperature effects
    Temperature effects
    Temperature effects on curing
    real high temperatures above 120 F can cause
    serious damage since cement may set too fast.
    accelerated curing procedures produce strong
    concrete, but durability might suffer.
    autoclave curing.
    Moisture tests
    Polythene sheet
    test(ASTM D 4263)
    Mat Test
    Test Strip
    Moisture Meters
    Gravimetric
    Thank you

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