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    Public India - M.C. Mehta

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    AcousticParesh Patel
    This document provides an overview of public interest litigation in India. It discusses how M.C. Mehta, an Indian lawyer, pioneered several landmark cases involving environmental protection and the right to life. These cases established important legal principles like the polluter pays principle, precautionary principle, and public trust doctrine. The document also summarizes several cases led by M.C. Mehta involving air pollution, water pollution, forests, cultural heritage sites, and more. It highlights how these cases built foundations for public interest law in India and the important role of the judiciary and lawyers in environmental protection.

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    Public India - M.C. Mehta

    Uploaded by

    AcousticParesh Patel
    162 views24 pages
    This document provides an overview of public interest litigation in India. It discusses how M.C. Mehta, an Indian lawyer, pioneered several landmark cases involving environmental protection and the right to life. These cases established important legal principles like the polluter pays principle, precautionary principle, and public trust doctrine. The document also summarizes several cases led by M.C. Mehta involving air pollution, water pollution, forests, cultural heritage sites, and more. It highlights how these cases built foundations for public interest law in India and the important role of the judiciary and lawyers in environmental protection.

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    Public India- M.C. Mehta

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    This document provides an overview of public interest litigation in India. It discusses how M.C. Mehta, an Indian lawyer, pioneered several landmark cases involving environmental protection and the right to life. These cases established important legal principles like the polluter pays principle, precautionary principle, and public trust doctrine. The document also summarizes several cases led by M.C. Mehta involving air pollution, water pollution, forests, cultural heritage sites, and more. It highlights how these cases built foundations for public interest law in India and the important role of the judiciary and lawyers in environmental protection.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    162 views24 pages

    Public India - M.C. Mehta

    Uploaded by

    AcousticParesh Patel
    This document provides an overview of public interest litigation in India. It discusses how M.C. Mehta, an Indian lawyer, pioneered several landmark cases involving environmental protection and the right to life. These cases established important legal principles like the polluter pays principle, precautionary principle, and public trust doctrine. The document also summarizes several cases led by M.C. Mehta involving air pollution, water pollution, forests, cultural heritage sites, and more. It highlights how these cases built foundations for public interest law in India and the important role of the judiciary and lawyers in environmental protection.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 24

    Public Interest Litigation in India

    M.C. MEHTA
    Historic
    INDIA
    Modern
    INDIA
    7th largest country, 2nd
    most populous (1.08
    billion people)

    29 states and 6 union territories

    18 official languages, 114 languages, and 900 dialects

    Hindi is the national language, while English is commonly used for national,
    political, commercial, and educational purposes
    Air Pollution
    Article 21: Protection of Life and
    Personal Liberty
    Article 47: Duty of the State to raise the
    level of nutrition and the standard of living
    and to improve public health
    Article 48A: Protection and
    improvement of environment and
    safeguarding of forests and wild life
    Article 51A (g): It shall be the duty of
    every citizen of India to protect and improve
    the natural environment including forests,
    lakes, rivers and wild life, and to have
    compassion for living creatures
    x India

    Water (Prevention and


    Control of Pollution) Act 1974
    Air (Prevention and
    Control of Pollution) Act 1981
    Environment Protection Act 1986
    Motor Vehicles Act 1988
    Hazardous Waste (Management and Handling)
    Rules 1989
    Public Liability Insurance Act 1991
    Foundations of Public Interest
    Litigation

    Ratlam Municipality v. Vardhichand


    AIR 1980 SC 1622
    The Taj Mahal
    Case
    Cultural heritage: the
    Taj Mahal, 4 World Heritage
    Sites and 254 monuments
    within the Taj Trapezium
    Zone

    Life and health of the


    people, particularly the
    residents of Agra

    Environment: animals
    M.C. Mehta v. Union of India and plants, Yamuna River,
    1996 (4) SCALE (SP) 29 Holy Kunds
    The Ganga
    Case
    Pollution Fines
    Polluter Pays Principle

    Cultural heritage:
    holy river

    M.C. Mehta v. Union of India and Others


    W.P. (Civil) No. 3727 1985
    The Beas River
    Case

    Vital role of judiciary


    when executive fails

    Public Trust Doctrine


    M.C. Mehta v. Kamal Nath and Others
    W.P. (Civil) No. 182 1996
    Environmental
    Education

    M.C. Mehta v. Union of India


    W.P. (Civil) No. 860 1991
    Aquaculture Case

    S. Jagannathan v. Union of India

    W.P. (Civil) No. 561 1994


    Vehicular Pollution
    Case

    M.C. Mehta v. Union of India and Others


    W.P. (Civil) No. 13029 1985
    Forest Case
    T.N. Godavarman Thirumulkpad
    v. Union of India
    W.P. (Civil) No. 202 of 1995
    Other Landmark Cases

    Oleum Gas Leak Case


    M.C. Mehta v. Union of India and
    Others (W.P. (Civil) No. 12739 of
    1985)

    Delhi Industries Case


    M.C. Mehta v. Union of India and Others (W.P. (Civil) No. 4677 of 1985)

    Children Languishing in Jails


    M.C. Mehta v. Union of India and Others (W.P.
    (Civil) No. 1501 of 1984)

    Industries in Maharashtra and Gujarat


    M.C. Mehta v. Union of India (W.P. (Civil) No. 12179 of 1985)
    Other Landmark Cases

    Vellore Tanneries Case


    Vellore Citizens’ Welfare Forum v.
    Union of India (W.P. (Civil) No. 914 of
    1991)

    Coastal Regulation Zone Case


    ICELA v. Union of India and Others (W.P. (Civil)
    No. 664 of 1993)
    Doon Valley Case
    Rural Litigation and
    Entitlement Kendra v. State of
    Uttar Pradesh 1988
    Bichhri Groundwater Pollution Case
    ICELA vs. Union of India and Others (W.P. (Civil) No. 967 of
    1989)
    Building a Foundation for Public
    Interest Law in India
    Right to a Healthy Environment
    Strict and Absolute Liability Principle
    Polluter Pays Principle
    Precautionary Principle
    Principle of Intergenerational Equity
    Public Trust Doctrine
    Exemplary Damages
    Onus of Proof shifted to the Polluter
    The role of the judiciary and lawyers
    in the protection of the environment
    through Public Interest Litigation

    Challenges and
    pressing issues
    Thank you.

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