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    Crystal Defect

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    Sukhwinder Singh Gill
    The document discusses interstices and crystal defects. It defines interstices as large holes in a crystal structure that can occur in body centered cubic (BCC), face centered cubic (FCC), and hexagonal close packed (HCP) structures. It also describes various types of crystal defects including point defects like vacancies, interstitials, and Frenkel and Schottky defects. Line defects are defined as dislocations including edge and screw dislocations. Surface defects include grain boundaries and twinning planes, while volume defects are three-dimensional imperfections like cracks and voids.

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    Crystal Defect

    Uploaded by

    Sukhwinder Singh Gill
    418 views28 pages
    The document discusses interstices and crystal defects. It defines interstices as large holes in a crystal structure that can occur in body centered cubic (BCC), face centered cubic (FCC), and hexagonal close packed (HCP) structures. It also describes various types of crystal defects including point defects like vacancies, interstitials, and Frenkel and Schottky defects. Line defects are defined as dislocations including edge and screw dislocations. Surface defects include grain boundaries and twinning planes, while volume defects are three-dimensional imperfections like cracks and voids.

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    The document discusses interstices and crystal defects. It defines interstices as large holes in a crystal structure that can occur in body centered cubic (BCC), face centered cubic (FCC), and hexagonal close packed (HCP) structures. It also describes various types of crystal defects including point defects like vacancies, interstitials, and Frenkel and Schottky defects. Line defects are defined as dislocations including edge and screw dislocations. Surface defects include grain boundaries and twinning planes, while volume defects are three-dimensional imperfections like cracks and voids.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    418 views28 pages

    Crystal Defect

    Uploaded by

    Sukhwinder Singh Gill
    The document discusses interstices and crystal defects. It defines interstices as large holes in a crystal structure that can occur in body centered cubic (BCC), face centered cubic (FCC), and hexagonal close packed (HCP) structures. It also describes various types of crystal defects including point defects like vacancies, interstitials, and Frenkel and Schottky defects. Line defects are defined as dislocations including edge and screw dislocations. Surface defects include grain boundaries and twinning planes, while volume defects are three-dimensional imperfections like cracks and voids.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 28

    INTERSTICES AND

    CRYSTAL DEFECTS
    INTERSTICES AND
    CRYSTAL DEFECTS

    • INTERSTITIAL
    CRYSTALS
    POSITIONS IN

    • CRYSTAL DEFECTS
    INTERSTICES
    • The presence of large holes in crystal
    structure is called interstices.

    • Interstices in BCC

    • Interstices in FCC

    • Interstices in HCP

    • Comparison of interstices
    INTERSTICES
    Octahedral Tetrahedral

    a) Octahedral site b) Tetrahedral site

    Interstices in BCC structure


    NEXT
    INTERSTICES
    Octahedral
    Tetrahedral

    a) Octahedral site b) Tetrahedral site

    Interstices in FCC structure


    NEXT
    INTERSTICES
    Octahedral Tetrahedral

    a) Octahedral site b) Tetrahedral site

    Interstices in HCP structure


    NEXT
    INTERSTICES
    Crystal Size of Size of No. of No. of
    Structure Tetrahed Octahedr Tetrahed Octahedr
    ral sites al sites ral sites al sites
    (radius of
    (radius of void per unit per unit
    void / radius
    / radius of of host atom)
    cell cell
    host atom)

    BCC 0.291 0.155 12 6

    FCC 0.225 0.414 8 4

    HCP 0.225 0.414 12 6


    (big cell)
    NEXT
    CRYSTAL DEFECTS

    • POINT DEFECT

    • LINE DEFECT

    • SURFACE DEFECT

    • VOLUME DEFECT
    POINT DEFECTS

    • An defect that involves a few atoms


    at most at any point in a crystal.

    • They are also called zero


    dimensional defects.
    POINT DEFECTS
    TYPES OF POINT DEFECTS

    • Vacancy (missing of atoms in its


    site)

    • Substitutional (a foreign atom


    substitutes a parent atom)

    • Interstitial ( small sized atom


    occupying the void space)
    POINT DEFECTS

    • Frenkel defect (an ion displaced form a


    regular site to an interstitial site in a ionic
    crystal without changing charge neutrality
    of the crystal)

    • Schottky defect ( a pair of one cation and


    one anion with same valency is missing
    without changing charge neutrality of the
    crystal)
    POINT DEFECTS

    Vacancy

    Vacancy
    NEXT
    POINT DEFECTS

    Foreign atom

    Substitutional defect NEXT


    POINT DEFECTS

    Foreign atom

    Interstitial defect NEXT


    POINT DEFECTS

    Frenkel defect NEXT


    POINT DEFECTS

    Schottky defect
    NEXT
    LINE DEFECTS

    • Line imperfections in a crystal are


    called dislocation.

    • They are one dimensional defects.


    LINE DEFECTS

    TYPES OF LINE DEFECTS

    • Edge dislocation

    • Screw dislocation
    EDGE DISLOCATION

    Edge Dislocation
    EDGE DISLOCATION

    • The dislocation where Burger vector ( b )


    is perpendicular to direction of dislocation
    line (t ) is called edge dislocation.

    { If we follow a crystallographic plane one


    revolution around the dislocation axis, the
    vector required to complete the loop and
    return us to our starting point is the
    burger vector ( b ). }

    NEXT
    EDGE DISLOCATION

    a) Defect free crystal b) Crystal with line defect

    Burger vector in edge dislocation


    NEXT
    SCREW DISLOCATION

    Screw Dislocation
    SCREW DISLOCATION

    Screw Dislocation
    SCREW DISLOCATION

    • If the burger vector ( b ) and the


    dislocation line ( t ) are parallel then
    it is called screw dislocation.

    NEXT
    SURFACE DEFECTS

    • Two dimensional imperfections are


    called Surface defects.

    • Example: External surface of any


    material ( due to breakage of bonds) ,
    Grain boundaries and twinning.
    SURFACE DEFECTS

    Grain

    Grain boundary

    Grain Boundaries NEXT


    VOLUME DEFECTS

    • Three dimensional imperfections are


    called Surface defects.

    • Example: Cracks , air bubbles, voids


    etc.
    CRYSTAL DEFECTS

    Dislocation Glide

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