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    Reduction of Adverb Clauses To Modifying Adverbial Phrases

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    yola harmila
    This document discusses reducing adverb clauses to modifying adverbial phrases. It provides requirements for this change, such as omitting the subject of the dependent clause and any form of the verb "to be." Examples are given of changing adverb clauses to modifying phrases by omitting subjects and changing verbs to the -ing form if there is no "to be" verb. It also discusses only making this change if the subject of the clause and phrase are the same to avoid dangling modifiers. The document concludes by covering expressing time, cause and effect, and using "upon" modifying phrases.

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    Reduction of Adverb Clauses To Modifying Adverbial Phrases

    Uploaded by

    yola harmila
    523 views12 pages
    This document discusses reducing adverb clauses to modifying adverbial phrases. It provides requirements for this change, such as omitting the subject of the dependent clause and any form of the verb "to be." Examples are given of changing adverb clauses to modifying phrases by omitting subjects and changing verbs to the -ing form if there is no "to be" verb. It also discusses only making this change if the subject of the clause and phrase are the same to avoid dangling modifiers. The document concludes by covering expressing time, cause and effect, and using "upon" modifying phrases.

    Original Title

    CHAPTER 18

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    This document discusses reducing adverb clauses to modifying adverbial phrases. It provides requirements for this change, such as omitting the subject of the dependent clause and any form of the verb "to be." Examples are given of changing adverb clauses to modifying phrases by omitting subjects and changing verbs to the -ing form if there is no "to be" verb. It also discusses only making this change if the subject of the clause and phrase are the same to avoid dangling modifiers. The document concludes by covering expressing time, cause and effect, and using "upon" modifying phrases.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    523 views12 pages

    Reduction of Adverb Clauses To Modifying Adverbial Phrases

    Uploaded by

    yola harmila
    This document discusses reducing adverb clauses to modifying adverbial phrases. It provides requirements for this change, such as omitting the subject of the dependent clause and any form of the verb "to be." Examples are given of changing adverb clauses to modifying phrases by omitting subjects and changing verbs to the -ing form if there is no "to be" verb. It also discusses only making this change if the subject of the clause and phrase are the same to avoid dangling modifiers. The document concludes by covering expressing time, cause and effect, and using "upon" modifying phrases.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 12

    CHAPTER 18

    REDUCTION OF ADVERB CLAUSES TO


    MODIFYING ADVERBIAL PHRASES
    Requirements of Changing Adverb Clauses to
    Modifying Adverbial Phrases

    Omit the subject of dependent clause


    and the be form of the verb

    If there is no be form of a verb, omit the


    subject and change the verb to -ing

    They can be changed only if the subject


    of the adverb clause and the subject of
    adverbial phrase are same
    Omit the subject of dependent
    clause and the be form of the verb
    Adverb Clause Modifying Phrase
    While I was walking to While walking to class, I
    class, I ran into an old ran into an old friend.
    friend.
    I f there is no be form of a verb, omit
    the subject and change the verb to
    -ing
    Adverb Clause Modifying Phrase
    Before I left for work, I ate Before leaving for work, I
    breakfast. ate breakfast.
    They can be changed only if the subject of
    the adverb clause and the subject of
    adverbial phrase are same
    POSSIBLE IMPOSSIBLE
    While I was sitting in While I was sitting in class,
    class, I fell asleep. he fell asleep.
    While sitting in class, I fell -
    asleep.
    While Ann was sitting in While the teacher was
    class, she fell asleep. lecturing, I fell asleep.
    While sitting in class, Ann While we were walking
    fell asleep. home, a frog hopped
    across the road in front of
    us.
    INCORRECT FORM
     While walking home, a frog hopped across the road
    in front of us.
     While watching TV last night, the phone rang.
    Dangling
     While walking home modifier/
    dangling
     While watching TV last night
    participle

     Dangling modifier/dangling participle is a modifier that is incorrectly


    “hanging alone” without an appropriate noun or pronoun subject to
    modify.
    Changing Time Clauses To Modifying
    Adverbial Phrases
    After, before, while, since

    Since Maria came to this country, she has made many friends.

    Since coming to this country, Maria has made many friends.

    After he (had) finished his homework, Peter went to bed.

    After finishing his homework, Peter went to bed.

    After having finished his homework, Peter went to bed.

    Peter went to bed after finishing his homework


    Expressing The Idea of “During The Same
    Time” in Modifying Adverbial Phrases

    While I was walking down the street, I ran into an old


    friend.

    While walking down the street, I ran into an old


    friend.

    Walking down the street, I ran into an old friend.


    Expressing Cause and Effect in
    Modifying Adverbial Phrases
    Often an –ing in the phrase in the beginning of a
    sentence gives the meaning of “ because”
    Because she needed some money to buy a book, Sue
    cashed a check.
    Needing some money to buy a book, Sue cashed a
    check.
    Because he lacked the necessary qualifications, he
    was not considered for the job.
    Lacking the necessary qualifications, he was not
    considered for the job.
    Having + past participle gives the meaning not only of
    “because” but also of “before”
    Having seen the movie before, I don’t want to go again.

    Having seen the movie before, I didn’t want to go again.

    A form of be in the adverb clause may be changed to being.


    The use of being makes the cause and effect relationship
    clear.

    Because she was unable to afford a car, she bought a bicycle.

    Being unable to afford a car, she bought a bicycle.

    Unable to afford a car, she bought a bicycle.


    Using Upon+ -ing Modifying
    Adverbial Phrases
    Modifying adverbial phrases beginning with upon –ing
    usually have the same meaning as adverb clauses
    introduced by when.
    Upon reaching the age of 21, I received my
    inheritance.
    When I reached the age of 21, I received my
    inheritance.
    Upon can be shortened to on.
    On reaching the age of 21, I received my inheritance
    THE END

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