Ferdinand Victor Eugène Delacroix
Ferdinand Victor Eugène Delacroix
Ferdinand Victor Eugène Delacroix
Victor
Eugène
Delacroix
Early Life
Ferdinand Victor Eugène
Delacroix
Eugène Delacroix was born on 26
April 1798 at Charenton-Saint-
Maurice in Île-de-France, near Paris.
His mother was named Victoire
Oeben, the daughter of the cabinet-
maker Jean- François Oeben. He had
three much older siblings. Charles-
Henri Delacroix (1779–1845) rose to
the rank of General in the
Napoleonic army. Henriette (1780–
1827) married the diplomat Raymond
de Verninac Saint-Maur (1762–1822).
Henri was born six years later. He
Ferdinand Victor Eugène
Delacroix
There are medical reasons to
believe that Eugène’s legitimate
father, Charles-François Delacroix, was not
able to procreate at the time of Eugène's
conception. Talleyrand, who was a
friend of the family and successor of Charles
Delacroix as Minister of Foreign
Affairs, and whom the adult Eugène
resembled in appearance and character,
considered himself as his real
father. Throughout his career as a painter, he
was protected by Talleyrand, who served
successively the Restoration and king Louis-
Philippe, and ultimately as ambassador
of France in Great Britain, and later by
Talleyrand's grandson, Charles Auguste
Ferdinand Victor Eugène
Delacroix
His early education was at the Lycée
Louis-le-Grand, and at the Lycée Pierre
Corneille in Rouen where he steeped
himself in the classics and won awards for
drawing. In 1815 he began his training
with Pierre- Narcisse Guérin in
the neoclassical style of Jacques-Louis
David. An early church commission, The
Virgin of the Harvest (1819),
displays a Raphael-esque influence, but
another such commission, The Virgin of
the Sacred Heart (1821),
evidences a freer interpretation. It
precedes the influence of the more
colourful and rich style of the Flemish
Baroque painter Peter Paul Rubens, and
Career
Massacre at Chios
Delacroix's painting of the
massacre at
Chios shows sick, dying Greek civilians
about to be slaughtered by the Turks.
One of several paintings he made of
this contemporary event, expressed
the official policy for the Greek cause
in their war of
independence against the Turks, war
sustained by English, Russian and
French governments.
Delacroix was quickly recognized by
the authorities as a leading painter in
the new Romantic style, and the
Legacy
At the sale of his work in 1864, 9140 works were attributed
to Delacroix, including 853 paintings, 1525 pastels and
water colours, 6629 drawings, 109 lithographs,
and over 60 sketch books. The number and quality of the
drawings, whether done for constructive purposes
or to capture a spontaneous movement, underscored his
explanation, "Colour always occupies me, but drawing
preoccupies me." Delacroix produced several fine self-
portraits, and a number of memorable portraits which
seem to have been done purely for pleasure, among which
were the portrait of fellow artist Baron Schwiter, an inspired
small oil of the violinist Niccolò Paganini, and Portrait of
Frédéric Chopin and George Sand, a double portrait of his
friends, the composer Frédéric Chopin and writer George
Sand; the painting was cut after his death, but the
Musical Inspiration
Delacroix drew inspiration from many sources
over his career, such as the literary works of
William Shakespeare and Lord Byron, or the artistry
of Michelangelo. But from beginning to end of his
life, he was in part characterized by a constant
need for music, saying in 1855, "nothing can be
compared with the emotion caused by music; that it
expresses incomparable shades of feeling." He
had said, while working at Saint Sulpice, that the
music put him in a state of "exaltation" which
inspired his painting. It was often in music, in the
most melancholy renditions of Chopin, or the
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