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    "Smart Materials & Systems": Technical Seminar On

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    Pankaj Chhabra
    The document discusses smart materials and systems, providing examples of biomimetics, types of smart materials like shape memory alloys and piezoelectric materials, and examples of smart systems like airbags in cars and smart bridges. It also contrasts smart and dumb materials, noting that smart materials can sense stimuli and take corrective action while dumb materials only provide limited responses to external factors.

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    "Smart Materials & Systems": Technical Seminar On

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    Pankaj Chhabra
    34 views20 pages
    The document discusses smart materials and systems, providing examples of biomimetics, types of smart materials like shape memory alloys and piezoelectric materials, and examples of smart systems like airbags in cars and smart bridges. It also contrasts smart and dumb materials, noting that smart materials can sense stimuli and take corrective action while dumb materials only provide limited responses to external factors.

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    The document discusses smart materials and systems, providing examples of biomimetics, types of smart materials like shape memory alloys and piezoelectric materials, and examples of smart systems like airbags in cars and smart bridges. It also contrasts smart and dumb materials, noting that smart materials can sense stimuli and take corrective action while dumb materials only provide limited responses to external factors.

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    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    34 views20 pages

    "Smart Materials & Systems": Technical Seminar On

    Uploaded by

    Pankaj Chhabra
    The document discusses smart materials and systems, providing examples of biomimetics, types of smart materials like shape memory alloys and piezoelectric materials, and examples of smart systems like airbags in cars and smart bridges. It also contrasts smart and dumb materials, noting that smart materials can sense stimuli and take corrective action while dumb materials only provide limited responses to external factors.

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    TECHNICAL SEMINAR ON

    “SMART MATERIALS &


    SYSTEMS”

    PANKAJ
    Roll no. 09161010
    M.TECH.(IPD&M)
    Dept. of mechanical engg.& tech.
    Guru Jambheshwar university of science & technology (Hisar)
    CONTENTS

    INTRODUCTION
    a. Smart Materials
    b. Smart Systems
    c. Dumb Materials & Biomimetics
    Examples of Biomimetics
    Types of smart materials
    Examples of Smart systems
    Smart materials
     SMs referred to materials having functions such as
    sensibility, micro processing and actuation
    “Intelligent Materials”

    Senses a stimulus (eyes).


    Takes an intelligent decision (brain).
    Through electronic feedback it takes
    corrective/preventive measures to avoid
    catastrophic situations (arm).

    One of the emerging materials in today’s


    developments of material S&T
    SMART SYSTEMS
     Comprises smart materials
    Concept indicate few more special functions which are
    not being found in traditional structural materials
     comprises of basic components sensor, actuator and
    Control unit
    Dumb materials and Biomimetics
    Dumb materials have been preprocessed and/or designed to offer
    only a limited set of responses to external stimuli.

    Dumb’ materials and structures contrast sharply with the natural


    world where animals and plants have the clear ability to adapt to
    their environment in real time

    Biomimetics
    inspiration rather than imitation”

    “design inspired by nature”


     
    Example of Biomimetics

    • pine-cone model
    • adapts to changing
    temperatures
    by opening when warm or
    shutting tight if cold
    EXAMPLES OF BIOMIMETICS

    Drag reduction by
    shark skin

     special alignment and grooved structure


    of tooth-like scales embedded in shark skin decrease
    drag and thus greatly increase swimming proficiency

     Airbus fuel consumption down 1½% when “shark


    skin” coating applied to aircraft
    EXAMPLES OF BIOMIMETICS
    Lotus effect
     most efficient self-cleaning
    plant
    = great sacred lotus
     mimicked in paints and
    other surface coatings
     pipe cleaning in oil refineries
    (Norway)
    Types of Smart Materials
    1. Shape memory alloys.
    2. Piezoelectric materials
    3. Magnetostrictive and
    Electrostrictive materials
    4. Active fluids
    5. Ph and temperature
    sensitive polymers.
    6. Optical fibres
    SHAPE MEMORY ALLOY
     SMA is a material having ability to return to its
    previous shape after being deformed by
    temperature changes or by just releasing the
    stress.
    • TWO TYPES OF COMMON
    EFFECTS ARE:
    1) ONE WAY EFFECT
    2) TWO WAY EFFECT

    Example: Nitinol TiNi, a) INITIAL STATE


    b) DEFORMED SHAPE
    copper-Zinc , copper -Tin c) HEATING
    d) BACK TO ORIGINAL SHAPE
    Piezoelectric Materials

    Piezo = Pressure
    Piezoelectric Effects : Electric charge is created when
    material is mechanical stressed
    Piezoceramics are the most
    widely used smart material

    Applications
    Medical Diagnostics.
    High frequency stereo-speakers.
    Computer Keyboards.
    Microphones.
    Magnetostrictive and Electrostrictive materials
    Electrostrictive & Magnetostrictive
    : A swift , linear shape change ( expand or contract ) in response to
    an electric field/Magnetic field , instantly

    Movement generated due to


    Expansion in presence of forces b/w magnetic poles
    electric fields

    Applications Examples : Metglass, Terfenol-D


    High-power sonar transducers. Lead magnesium niobiate
    Motors., Hydraulic actuators.
    ACTIVE FLUIDS
    Respond to an electric or a magnetic
    field with a change in viscosity
    Applications
    • Tunable dampers.
    • Vibration-isolation systems.
    • Clutches.
    • Brakes.
    • Resistance Controls

    Examples : Electrolytes , polar


    fluids
    pH AND TEMPERATURE
    SENSITIVE POLYMERS

    • pH-sensitive polymers are materials which


    swell/collapse when the pH of the
    surrounding media changes.
    • Temperature-responsive polymers are
    materials which undergo changes upon
    temperature.
    Examples :ethyl acrylamide (EAAm) 
    Used as surface modifiers , drug delivery
    Optical Fibres
    Fibres that use intensity, phase, frequency or
    polarization of modulation to measure strain,
    temperature, electrical/magnetic fields, pressure and
    other measurable quantities
    Smart Systems : AIR BAGS IN CARS
    Smart Systems
    Locations of Potential Smart Systems in an
    Aircraft
    Smart System : Smart Bridge
    The Future

    Worldwide, considerable effort is being deployed to develop


    smart materials and structures. The technological benefits of
    such systems have begun to be identified and,
    demonstrators are under construction for a wide range of
    applications from space and aerospace, to civil engineering
    and domestic products

    The development of true smart materials at the


    atomic scale is still some way off, although the
    enabling technologies are under development.

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