7 Music of Mindanao

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Quarter III Music

The Islamic community in the Philippines


consists of ethno-linguistic groups:
• The Maguindanao of Cotabato
• The Maranao of Lanao and Cotabato
• The Samal and Jama Mapun of the Sulu Islands of Sibutu and Cagayan De Sulu
• The Tausug of the Sulu Islands of Jolo, Siasi, and Tawi-tawi
• The Yakan of Basilan and Zamboanga

• The uniqueness of the cultures and his/her musical practices that make up the larger
society in Mindanao and Sulu belongs to one single tradition.
• Similarities fo exist in some vocal styles within the large society, but theoretical
concepts, functions, aesthetics, and repertoires differ from culture to culture, and even
from village belonging to one language group.
1. Chants- a lyrical rendition of different
improvised text
• Yakands do their chantings through solo and counter or group singing.
Their famous everyday style chants are:
a) Lugu- chants they use in reading the Qur’an and other books they use
in Islam religion.
b) Kalangan- songs that they use for serenading loved ones
c) Sa-il/Lunsey- an important chant to be sung by the wife-to-be during
the ceremony that talks about married life.
• Maranaos have an extensive vocal repertoire such as:
a) Dikker- Sacred songs highlighted by quotations from the Qur’an
b) Bayok- semi-generic term for a lyrical rendition of different improvised
text.
2. Lullaby- a chant-style or chant formula
use in rocking a baby to sleep.
• Ya-ya- is a song of the Yakans to put the baby to sleep, sung in a
relax/slow manner, soft and soothing while rocking the baby.
• Bayok- is also a Maranao term for lullaby
1. Kulintang Ensemble
•Gong-based ensemble used by the
Maguindanao and Maranao of western
Mindanao, the Tausug, the Yakan, and the
Sama-Bajao of the Sulu Archipelago. They
have varied functions but are mostly used for
celebrations/rituals and are mainly divided
into two types:
1. Kulintang Ensemble
a) Kulintangan (Manobo Cotabato)/Kwintangan- ensembles of 6-8
hanging melody gongs in a row, hung on ropes in pyramidal order, with
the smaller and higher-pitched gongs near the top.
1. Kulintang Ensemble
b) Tahunggo, Agung, Salmagi, Blowon Semagi- suspended gong
ensembles (9-11 gongs, played a melody and drone player) in various
names according to each trive; ensemble maybe completed with 1 or 2
drums.
Kulintang
• An important social property. This instrument of the ensemble is highly valued
priceless heirloom that can command a high price as dowries. The ownership of
these instruments indicates high social status and cultivated taste.
Agung
• A large, deep-rimmed gong, vertically suspended, hanged in wooden frames.
Bamboo Ensemble
• According to Philippine legends, the first man and woman are born out of
bamboo. Bamboo is also considered among early Filipinos as a spiritual
connection from our physical world to the spiritual. Many bamboo instruments
were made for this purpose while some were also used for entertainment and
personal expression. The different manner in playing bamboo instruments include:
blowing (aerophones), shaking or hitting (idiophones), and plucking
(chordophones)
Kudyapi
• A 2-string plucked lute instrument made of wood which resembles and elongated
guitar usually having 2 strings.
Suling
• (Maguindanao and Yakan’s) is made mainly of “tamiang” bamboo, a long, thin-
walled bamboo tube. The mouthpiece of the suling is circled with a thin band
made of rattan near a small hole.

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