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    Cutting Tool and Cutting Fluids

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    Atif Wahid
    This document discusses fundamentals of cutting processes and cutting tool materials and fluids. It covers mechanics of chip formation, chip types, cutting forces, temperatures, tool life, surface finish, machinability, categories of cutting tool materials, and types and effects of cutting fluids. Cutting fluids are used to reduce friction and wear, cool the cutting zone, and protect machined surfaces. Various types of fluids and application methods are described.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Cutting Tool and Cutting Fluids

    Uploaded by

    Atif Wahid
    36 views11 pages
    This document discusses fundamentals of cutting processes and cutting tool materials and fluids. It covers mechanics of chip formation, chip types, cutting forces, temperatures, tool life, surface finish, machinability, categories of cutting tool materials, and types and effects of cutting fluids. Cutting fluids are used to reduce friction and wear, cool the cutting zone, and protect machined surfaces. Various types of fluids and application methods are described.

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    This document discusses fundamentals of cutting processes and cutting tool materials and fluids. It covers mechanics of chip formation, chip types, cutting forces, temperatures, tool life, surface finish, machinability, categories of cutting tool materials, and types and effects of cutting fluids. Cutting fluids are used to reduce friction and wear, cool the cutting zone, and protect machined surfaces. Various types of fluids and application methods are described.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    36 views11 pages

    Cutting Tool and Cutting Fluids

    Uploaded by

    Atif Wahid
    This document discusses fundamentals of cutting processes and cutting tool materials and fluids. It covers mechanics of chip formation, chip types, cutting forces, temperatures, tool life, surface finish, machinability, categories of cutting tool materials, and types and effects of cutting fluids. Cutting fluids are used to reduce friction and wear, cool the cutting zone, and protect machined surfaces. Various types of fluids and application methods are described.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 11

    Fundamentals of Cutting &

    Cutting-Tool Materials and


    Cutting Fluids

    MANUFACTURING ENGINEERING
    AND TECHNOLOGY
    BY KALPAKJIAN
    THIRD EDITION
    Introduction

    Cast, formed and shaped products


    may need further machining
    operations.
    Machining processes remove material
    from a workpiece.
    • CUTTING:
    • ABRASIVE:
    • NONTRADITIONAL:
    Fundamentals of Cutting
    • Mechanics of Chip Formation.
    – RAKE ANGLE
    – RELIEF ANGLE
    – SHEAR ANGLE

    • Chip Type.
    – CONTINUOUS
    – BUILT-UP EDGE
    – SERRATED
    – DISCONTINUOUS.
    Fundamentals of Cutting
    • Oblique Cutting.
    – THREE DIMENTIONAL
    – INCLINATION ANGLE

    • Cutting Forces and Power.


    – MACHINE TOOL SELECTION
    – DYNAMOMETER
    – MANY VARIABLES
    • FRICTION
    • CUTTING FLUIDS
    • TOOL SHARPNESS
    • PROCESS
    Fundamentals of Cutting
    • Temperatures in Cutting.
    – TOOL PROPERTIES
    – DIMENSIONAL ACCURACY

    • Tool Life.
    – HIGH STRESSES & TEMPERATURES
    – GRADUAL WEAR
    – MANY VARIABLES
    • MATERIAL
    • CUTTING FLUIDS
    • TOOL SHAPE
    • SPEEDS & FEED RATE
    – CHIPPING
    Fundamentals of Cutting

    • Surface Finish and Integrity


    – GEOMETRY
    – PROPERTIES
    • FATIGUE LIFE
    • CORROSION RESISTANCE

    • Machinability
    – RATINGS BASED ON TOOL LIFE
    – DECREASES AS HARDNESS INCREASES
    – ALLOYING ELEMENTS
    Cutting Tool Materials and Cutting Fluids

    • Cutting Tool Materials • Material Categories:


    • ARE SUBJECTED TO... • CARBON AND MEDIUM
    – HIGH TEMPERATURES ALLOY STEELS
    – CONTACT STRESSES • HIGH-SPEED STEELS
    – ABRASION • CAST-COLBALT ALLOYS
    • MUST HAVE... • CARBIDES
    – HARDNESS • COATED TOOLS
    – TOUGHNESS
    • ALUMINA-BASED CERAMICS
    – WEAR RESISTANCE
    – CHEMICAL STABILITY • CUBIC BORON NITRIDE
    • SILICON-NITRIDE-BASED
    CERAMICS
    • DIAMOND
    • WHISKER-REINFORCED
    MATERIALS
    Cutting Tool Materials and Cutting Fluids

    • Cutting Fluids
    – REDUCE FRICTION AND WEAR
    – REDUCE ENERGY CONSUMPTION
    – COOL THE CUTTING ZONE
    – PROTECT MACHINED SURFACES

    • Fluid Action
    – CAPILLARY ACTION
    – SMALL MOLECULAR SIZE
    – PROPER WETTING CHARACTERISTICS
    Cutting Tool Materials and Cutting Fluids

    • Types of Cutting Fluids


    – OILS
    – EMULSIONS
    – SEMI-SYNTHESIS
    – SYNTHETICS

    • Methods of Application
    – FLOOD COOLING
    – MIST COOLING
    – HIGH PRESSURE REFRIGERATED SYSTEMS
    Cutting Tool Materials and Cutting Fluids
    • Effects of Cutting Fluids on…
    – WORKPIECE MATERIALS
    – MACHINE TOOLS

    • Biological and Environmental Effects


    – OPERATOR CONTACT
    – EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT
    – DEGREDATION & CHEMICAL CHANGE

    • Waste Management
    – CLARIFICATION
    – RECYCLING
    – DISPOSAL

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