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    INFERTILITY

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    Kathleen Frugalidad
    This document discusses various factors that can cause infertility in both males and females. It defines infertility as the inability to conceive after one year of unprotected sex. For males, key factors discussed are limited sperm count, obstruction/impaired sperm motility, and ejaculation problems. For females, factors include limited hormone production, problems with ovulation or egg transport, and uterine/cervical issues. Assisted reproduction techniques like artificial insemination or IVF are options when other causes cannot be identified.

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    INFERTILITY

    Uploaded by

    Kathleen Frugalidad
    67 views20 pages
    This document discusses various factors that can cause infertility in both males and females. It defines infertility as the inability to conceive after one year of unprotected sex. For males, key factors discussed are limited sperm count, obstruction/impaired sperm motility, and ejaculation problems. For females, factors include limited hormone production, problems with ovulation or egg transport, and uterine/cervical issues. Assisted reproduction techniques like artificial insemination or IVF are options when other causes cannot be identified.

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    adele pilitteri book

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    This document discusses various factors that can cause infertility in both males and females. It defines infertility as the inability to conceive after one year of unprotected sex. For males, key factors discussed are limited sperm count, obstruction/impaired sperm motility, and ejaculation problems. For females, factors include limited hormone production, problems with ovulation or egg transport, and uterine/cervical issues. Assisted reproduction techniques like artificial insemination or IVF are options when other causes cannot be identified.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    67 views20 pages

    INFERTILITY

    Uploaded by

    Kathleen Frugalidad
    This document discusses various factors that can cause infertility in both males and females. It defines infertility as the inability to conceive after one year of unprotected sex. For males, key factors discussed are limited sperm count, obstruction/impaired sperm motility, and ejaculation problems. For females, factors include limited hormone production, problems with ovulation or egg transport, and uterine/cervical issues. Assisted reproduction techniques like artificial insemination or IVF are options when other causes cannot be identified.

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    INFERTILITY

    (Chap 8 pp.163)
     The inability to conceive a child or sustain
    a pregnancy to birth
     A couple is said to be infertile if they have
    not become pregnant after at least 1 year
    of unprotected sex (Subfertility)
    Sexual Dysfunction
    • Sexual dysfunction (or sexual malfunction
    or sexual disorder) is difficulty experienced by
    an individual or a couple during any stage of a
    normal sexual activity, including physical
    pleasure, desire, preference, arousal or
    orgasm.
    STERILITY
    • The inability to conceive because of a
    known condition, such as the absence of
    uterus
    • Primary Subfertility- no previous
    conceptions
    • Secondary Subfertility-with previous viable
    pregnancy but unable to conceived at the
    present
    General Factors could affect
    • Sexual activity
    • Age
    • Use of oral contraception
    • Position
    • Body weight
    FACTORS: MALE SUBFERTILITY
    (Pilliteri)
    • Limited Sperm Count
    • Obstruction or Impaired Sperm Motility
    • Ejaculation Problems
    LIMITED SPERM COUNT
    • Sperm Count – the number of sperm in a single
    ejaculation or in a milliliter of semen.
    • Normal minimum sperm count contains:
    -36 or 46 M sperm/milliliter or 50M/ejaculation
    -50% should be motile
    -30% normal in shape and form
    • Temperature of scrotal sac should be
    maintained slightly lower than the body
    temperature
    Causes
    • Congenital Abnormalities such as:
    CRYPTORCHIDISM and VARICOCELE
    • Past Trauma to the testes
    • Surgery
    • Endocrine imbalance
    • Drug and alcohol use
    • Exposure to radiation
    • Avoid activities than can lower sperm count
    • Maintain ideal body weight

    • Testing for Sperm Number and Availability


    OBSTRUCTION OR IMPAIRED
    SPERM MOTILITY
    • Obstruction in the pathway such as
    sominiferous tubules, epidydymis,vas
    deferens, ejaculatory duct, or urethra
    Causes
    • Mumps/orchitis-testicular inflammation and
    scarring
    • Epididymitis
    • Infections
    • Congenital stricture of spermatic duct
    • BPH
    • Infection of the Prostate
    • Congenital Anomalies of the Penis
    EJACULATION PROBLEMS
    • Inability to achieve an
    erection (impotence)
    • PRIMARY- a man has never
    been able to achieve
    erection and ejaculation
    • SECONDARY- a man was
    able to achieve ejaculation
    in the past but now has
    difficulty
    Causes
    • Psychological
    problems
    • CV accidents
    • Parkinson’s diseases
    • Use of
    antihypertensive
    agents
    • Use of drug for male
    baldness
    FACTORS THAT CAUSE FEMALE
    SUBFERTILITY
    • Limited production of FHS or LH
    • Anovulation
    • Problems of ova transport FT
    • Uterine factors
    • Cervical and vaginal factors
    • Poor nutrition
    UNEXPLAINED SUBFERTILITY
    • No known cause
    • One partner’s problem is significant
    USE OF REPRODUCTIVE
    TECHNIQUES
    • ALTERNATIVE OR ALTERNATIVE
    INSEMINATION- the instillation of sperm from
    a mansturbatory sample into the female
    reproductive tract by means of a cannula
    • Male partner’s sperm
    • Donor insemination
    In Vitro Fertilization
    • Most often used for couples who have not
    been able to conceive
    • Used for couple whose husband has
    oligospermia
    • Absence of cervical mucus

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