Piaget's Theory of Cognitive Development

Piaget’s Stages of
Cognitive
Development
Jean Piaget’s Cognitive Theory of
Development
Piagetian Tasks- Piaget’s research method involved a small number of
individuals as they responded to cognitive task that he designed.
Piaget called his general theoretical framework “ genetic

epistemology” because he is interested in how knowledge developed
in human organisms.
Basic cognitive Concepts
 Schema- refer to cognitive structures by which

individuals intellectually adapt to an organize
their environment.
 It is an individual’s way to understand or create
meaning about a thing or experience.
 It is like the mind has a filing cabinet and each
drawer has folders that contain files of things he
has had an experience with.
Basic Cognitive Concepts
Assimilation- This is the process of fitting

a new experience into an existing or
previously created cognitive structure or
schema.
Accommodation- this is the process of

creating a new schema.
Basic Cognitive Concepts
Equilibration- is achieving proper

balance between assimilation and
accommodation.
 Cognitive disequilibrium- we experienced,
when our experience do not match our
schemata (plural or schema) or cognitive
structures.
Piaget’s Stages of Cognitive
Development
Development
Development
 1.) Sensori-motor stage- ( 0-2 years old)
experiencing the world through senses and
actions ( looking, hearing, touching, mouthing
and grasping)
 Object permanence- this is the ability of the
child to know that an object still exist even when
out of site. This ability is attained in the sensory
motor stage.
Development
 2.) Pre-Operational Stage- (2-7 years old)
representing things with words and images; using
intuitive rather than logical reasoning.
 Symbolic Function- this is the ability to represent
objects and events.
 Egocentrism- this is the tendency of the child to
only see his point view and to assume that
everyone also has his same point of view.
Development
 Centration- this refers to the tendency of the
child to only focus on one aspect of a thing or
event and exclude other aspects.
 Irreversibility-pre-operational children still have

the inability to reverse thinking. They can
understand that 2+3 is 5 but cannot understand
that 5-3 is 2.
Development
 Animism- this is the tendency of children to
attribute human like traits or characteristics to
inanimate objects.
 Transductive reasoning- This refers to the pre-

operational child’s type of reasoning inductive
nor deductive.
Development
 3. ) Concrete-Operational Stage- ( 7 -11
years old) this stage is characterized by the
ability of the child to think logically but only in
terms of concrete objects.
 Decentering- this refers to the ability of the child
to perceive the different features of objects and
situation.
Development
 Reversibility- during the stage of concrete

operations, the child can now follow that certain
operations can be done in reverse
 Conservation- this is the ability to know that

certain properties of objects like number,
Development
 Mass, volume, or area do not change even if

there is a change of appearance.
 Seriation- this refers to the ability to order or

arrange things in a series based on one
dimension such as weight, volume or size.
Development
4.) Formal Operational Stage- ( 12- 15 years
old) the individual demonstrates abstract thinking
including logic, deductive reasoning, comparison
and classification.
Hypothetical Reasoning- this is the ability to come

up with different hypothesis about a problem and
to gather and weigh data in order to make final
decision or judgment.
Development
Analogical Reasoning- this is the ability to
perceive the relationship in one instance and then
use that relationship to narrow down possible
answers in another similar situation or problem.
Deductive Reasoning- this is the ability to think

logically by applying a general rule to a particular
instance or situation.
Group Six (6)
Thank you so much.

And Good evening.
LIVE-LOVE-LAUGH

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Piaget’s Stages of

Piaget called his general theoretical framework “ genetic

 Schema- refer to cognitive structures by which

Assimilation- This is the process of fitting

Accommodation- this is the process of

Equilibration- is achieving proper

 Irreversibility-pre-operational children still have

 Transductive reasoning- This refers to the pre-

 Reversibility- during the stage of concrete

 Conservation- this is the ability to know that

 Mass, volume, or area do not change even if

 Seriation- this refers to the ability to order or

Hypothetical Reasoning- this is the ability to come

Deductive Reasoning- this is the ability to think

Thank you so much.

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