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    Atomic Timeline

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    Imee Tilo
    1) Ancient Indian philosophers proposed that matter is made of tiny, fundamental particles that cannot be further divided. 2) In the 5th century BC, Democritus proposed that all matter is made of invisible, indivisible atoms that exist in empty space and combine in different ways. 3) In the early 1900s, Rutherford discovered the nucleus and proposed a nuclear model of the atom with electrons orbiting a small, dense nucleus.

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    Atomic Timeline

    Uploaded by

    Imee Tilo
    95 views25 pages
    1) Ancient Indian philosophers proposed that matter is made of tiny, fundamental particles that cannot be further divided. 2) In the 5th century BC, Democritus proposed that all matter is made of invisible, indivisible atoms that exist in empty space and combine in different ways. 3) In the early 1900s, Rutherford discovered the nucleus and proposed a nuclear model of the atom with electrons orbiting a small, dense nucleus.

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    1) Ancient Indian philosophers proposed that matter is made of tiny, fundamental particles that cannot be further divided. 2) In the 5th century BC, Democritus proposed that all matter is made of invisible, indivisible atoms that exist in empty space and combine in different ways. 3) In the early 1900s, Rutherford discovered the nucleus and proposed a nuclear model of the atom with electrons orbiting a small, dense nucleus.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    95 views25 pages

    Atomic Timeline

    Uploaded by

    Imee Tilo
    1) Ancient Indian philosophers proposed that matter is made of tiny, fundamental particles that cannot be further divided. 2) In the 5th century BC, Democritus proposed that all matter is made of invisible, indivisible atoms that exist in empty space and combine in different ways. 3) In the early 1900s, Rutherford discovered the nucleus and proposed a nuclear model of the atom with electrons orbiting a small, dense nucleus.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 25

    “TIMELINE OF

    THE EVOLUTION
    OF ATOMIC
    THEORY”
    MAHARISHI KANAD
    “When we divided
    matter into their
    particles, ultimately, we
    reach a stage when the
    matter CANNOT be
    divided further”.

    MATTER- PADARTHA
    PARMANU-PARTICLE
    PAKUDHA KATYAYAMA

    “INDIVISIBLE PARTICLES
    come in DIFFERENT
    COMBINATIONS to make up
    DIFFERENT KINDS OF
    MATTER”.
    LEUCIPPUS AND DEMOCRITUS
    460-370 BC
    “ If we divide matter continuously, then we reach
    a stage where it cannot be divided further”.

    A
    T
    All matter is made There are an infinite
    O
    up of tiny particles number of atoms
    called atoms. M and kinds of atoms
    O which differ in shape
    S and size.

    Atoms have always Between atoms there


    been and always will Indivisible and is empty space.
    be in motion. Indestructible.
    JOHN DALTON (ENGLISH-CHEMIST)
    1766-1844

    o DALTON’S ATOMIC THEORY


    o BILLIARD BALL MODEL OF
    ATOM
    -atom is a
    uniform,
    solid sphere
    POSTULATES OF DALTON’S
    ATOMIC THEORY
    1. All matter is made up 4. Atoms of different
    of very tiny particles elements have different
    called Atoms. masses and chemical
    properties.
    2. Atoms are indivisible 5. Atoms combine in a
    particles which cannot be ratio of small whole
    created or destroyed in numbers to form
    chemical reaction. compounds.
    3. Atoms of a given
    6. The relative number
    elements are identical in
    and kinds of atoms are
    mass and chemical
    constant in a given
    properties.
    compound.
    JOSEPH JOHN THOMSON
    1856-1940 (English-Physicist)

    o DISCOVERED ELECTRON
    o CHOCOLATE COOKIE MODEL
    o PLUM-PUDDING EXPERIMENT
    -positive sphere
    (pudding) with
    negative
    electrons (plums)
    dispersed
    throughout
    JOSEPH JOHN THOMSON
    1. Discovered the 2. Found the
    first subatomic first
    particle.
    ELECTRON
    evidence of
    (1897) ISOTOPES.

    3. Suggested
    that electron
    5.Discovere 4.Electron were 1,000
    were times smaller
    d electrons originally than the atom.
    using termed as
    cathode ray “CORPUSCL
    tubes. ES”
    ERNEST RUTHERFORD
    British-Scientist -1911

    o ALPHA SCATTERING
    EXPERIMENT
    o GOLD-FOIL
    EXPERIMENT
    o NUCLEAR MODEL OF
    ATOM
    o DISCOVERED
    NUCLEUS/PROTON
    Nuclear Model
    dense, positive nucleus surrounded by negative
    electrons
    Ernest Rutherford

    o Differentiated and named ALPHA and


    BETA radiation.
    o Father of NUCLEAR PHYSICS.
    ROBERT ANDREW MILLIKAN
    1916

    oOIL DROP EXPERIMENT


    oPHOTOELECTRIC EFFECT EXPERIMENT
    - Determines the mass of the
    electrons 1/1846 of a hydrogen atom.
    - Mass of electron is 9.11 x 10 g
    -28
    NIELS BOHR (Danish-Physicist)
    1885-1962

    o BOHR’S MODEL OF
    ATOM
    o PLANETARY MODEL
    OF ATOM
    (JIMMY NEUTRON)
    o ENERGY LEVEL
    Niels Bohr

    PLANETARY
    MODEL
    - electrons move in circular
    orbits within specific energy
    levels
    Niels Bohr

    Proposed that energy levels


    Electron travel in of electrons are discrete and
    circular motion that the electrons revolve in
    around the orbits around atomic
    nucleus. nucleus but can jump from
    one energy level/orbit to
    another.

    It is provided by
    ELECTROSTATIC
    FORCES not gravity.
    LOUIS DE BROGLIE
    (FRENCH-PHYSICIST)

    • Who made ground breaking


    contributions to quantum
    theory.
    • Postulated that all matter or
    electron exhibits wave-like
    properties.
    WERNER HEINSBERG
    (German-Physicist)

    UNCERTAINTY “There is simply


    PRINCIPLE just a cloud
    surrounding the
    nucleus
    No experiment can measure containing the
    the position and momentum approximate
    of quantum particles
    simultaneously.
    positions of
    within them”.
    Erwin Schrödinger (1926)

    • Quantum mechanics
    – electrons can only exist in
    specified energy states

    • Electron cloud model


    – orbital: region around the
    nucleus where e- are likely
    to be found
    Erwin Schrödinger (1926)

    Electron Cloud Model (orbital)


    • dots represent probability of finding an e-
    not actual electrons
    James Chadwick (1932)

    • Discovered neutrons
    – neutral particles in the
    nucleus of an atom

    • Joliot-Curie
    Experiments
    – based his theory on their
    experimental evidence
    James Chadwick (1932)

    Neutron Model
    • revision of Rutherford’s Nuclear Model

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