2 Wheel and Four Wheel Drive

Two Wheel Drive & Four Wheel Drive
PRESENTED BY:- SIDHANT JAIN

Definitions
• 4X4 = Four wheeled vehicle, four

wheels can receive torque.
• 4X2 = Four wheeled vehicle, two

wheels can receive torque.
Types of Drive System
 2 Wheel Drive
 Front Engine and Rear Wheel
 Front Engine and Front Wheel
 Rear Engine and Rear Wheel
 4 Wheel Drive
 Part Time
 Full Time
 Automatic Drive System
 All Wheel
Components of Drive System
 Transfer Case
 Drive Shafts
 Differential
 Locking Hub
 Universal/CV Joints
 Transmission
 Drive Axle
Two Wheel Drive Systems
Front Engine Rear Wheel
Engine
Transmission
Drive Shaft
Final Drive
Advantages
 During dry conditions, rear-wheel drive improves handling due to “load transfer” in acceleration and more even weight distribution.
 Rear-wheel drive tends to have less costly maintenance since there aren’t as many parts packed into a small space. Front-wheel
drive repairs and maintenance may cost more since they have to remove more parts for workable access.
 You won’t experience “torque steer,” the tendency that FWD vehicles have to veer to the right or left during acceleration.
 Towing large loads is easier since the wheels doing the pulling are located closer to the load. Also, steering is much easier since the
back wheels are providing the power while the front wheels do the work of steering.
 While drifting is not recommended for most drivers, it is easier to drift with RWD than FWD or 4WD/AWD.
Disadvantages
 Rear-wheel drive may be more fun to drive, but it also makes it more difficult to master. With modern stability and traction controls, however, the
driving differences of RWD don’t present a problem for most drivers.
 There is less interior space due to more room needed for the transmission tunnel and driveshaft.
 There may be less trunk room since more equipment must be placed underneath the trunk.
 The driveshaft, which connects the front engine to the back axle, adds more weight. RWD weighs slightly more than FWD, but less than 4WD and
AWD.
 Additional materials translate to a slightly higher purchase price.
 Since RWD pushes the car rather than pulls it, it has more difficulty maneuvering in wet and snowy conditions. With modern technology, such as
stability and traction control, however, this disadvantage is greatly reduced.
Front Engine Front Wheel
Engine
Transmission
Final Drive
Advantages
 The engine and transmission are located directly above the front wheels, which can provide better
traction when climbing hills and driving on slippery roads.
 Since all the equipment is up front, they create more space and leg room in the back.
 Front-wheel drive has less components than any other drivetrain setup, making the vehicle lighter and
improving its gasoline mileage. That’s why most economy-type cars are front-wheel drive.
 There is greater tactile feedback through the steering wheel if the wheels are slipping.
 Front-wheel drive is a simpler system and tends to be less expensive to buy and maintain.
Disadvantages
 Since all the weight is located in the front of the vehicle, front-wheel drive cars tend to understeer.
 During sudden acceleration, front-wheel drive vehicles tend to veer to the right or left because of something called “torque steer.”
 Front-wheel drive tends to have a lower towing capacity than rear-wheel or 4WD/AWD drivetrains.
 Front-wheel drive has worse acceleration than rear-wheel drive, which is why most sporty and race cars use rear-wheel drive.
 With all the weight up front, front-wheel drive can make handling more difficult.
 CV joints/boots in FWD vehicles tend to wear out sooner than rear-wheel drive vehicles.
Rear Engine Rear Wheel
Advantages
 Weight over rear wheels, increased traction while accelerating
 Front axle construction is simplified
 Absence of propeller shaft results in decrease of floor height
 Engine Components mounted at rear of rear axle hence more space is
available
Disadvantages
 Separate cooling mechanism is needed for effective cooling of the
engine as the engine is mounted at rear
 More load on rear side may result in overturning (Over Steer) of the
vehicle
 Longer linkages are required to operate clutch, gears from driver
Four Wheel Drive systems
4WD Systems
 Part Time Systems
 Can be operated in either two wheel drive or
four wheel drive
 Selection of two or four drive is done by shifter,
electric switch, or locking hubs
 Can be run on different terrains
 Off road Traction is higher
 Not good for smooth roads
 Full Time Systems

 This setup is permanently in Four Wheel Drive
 Both High and Low Torque Output
 Good for high speed cornering roads
 Bad for off road traction
All Wheel Drive
 Engine power is sent to all four wheels based on demand-as determined by electronic or
hydraulic sensors.
 It increases cost to the vehicle cost but allow the engineers to tune the handling of vehicle.
 Today's sophisticated AWD systems are even able to send all of the engine's power to one
wheel if that's where the traction is-meaning an AWD vehicle
 But, it adds extra weight, increase mechanical complexity and potential for additional
maintenance as the vehicle ages are also factors.

2 Wheel and Four Wheel Drive

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

2 Wheel and Four Wheel Drive

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

2 Wheel and Four Wheel Drive

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Two Wheel Drive & Four Wheel Drive

PRESENTED BY:- SIDHANT JAIN

• 4X4 = Four wheeled vehicle, four

• 4X2 = Four wheeled vehicle, two

 Full Time Systems

You might also like