Rizal's Annotation To Morga's Sucesos de Las Islas Filipinas

Rizal’s Annotation to
Morga’s Sucesos de
las Islas Filipinas
Sucesos de las Islas
Filipinas
• “Events in the Philippine Islands”
• Published in Mexico on 1609 by Antonio de
Morga
• Annotated by Jose Rizal on 1889 in Paris
Antonio de Morga
• was a lieutenant governor of the
Philippines
• Justice of the Audencia (Supreme Court) of
Manila for 7 years
• Author of the Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas
Chapter 1: Of the
discoveries of Eastern
Islands
• The discoveries of islands found on the eastern part of the
ocean in Asia
• Ferdinand Magellan’s expedition
• The first permanent Spanish settlement in the Philippines
dated 1565 A.D.
Some of Rizal’s annotation:
• The islands of Moluccas, Celebs and Borneo are not part of the
Philippines as said by Morga
• How Pigafetta, an eyewitness describes the Battle of Mactan
and the death of Magellan
Chapter 2: Of the
Government of Dr.
Francisco de Sande
• Dr. Francisco de Sande
‒ a native of Caceres
‒ Justice of the Audencia or Royal
Court of Mexico
‒ made a voyage to the islands
• Rizal’s annotation:
‒ Borneo since then belonged and ought to Spain
‒ There were fifteen hundred native bowmen from
Pangasinan and Cagayan and those from the tattoed
people (Visayans) took part in the expedition
‒ There were some governors who were imprisoned in Manila
‒ One of them was Governor Sebastian Hurtado de Corcuera
who spent 5 years in Fort Santiago
Chapter 3: Of the
Government of don
Gonzalo Ronquillo de
Penalosa
• Don Gonzalo Ronquillo de Peñalosa administration (1580-
1583)
– Designated Governor of the Philippine Islands for life
– Established “Villa de Areválo”, settlement of Spaniards
– Expedition and conquest of the Island of Terrenate
– Captain Gabriel de Ribera was sent to Spain
• Diego Ronquillo was the successor as governor
– There was a conflagration in Manila
Chapter 4: Of the
Government of Dr.
Santiago de Vera
• Dr. Santiago de Vera's administration (1584-1590)
- Established "Audiencia" or Supreme Court in Manila
- Discovered a rebellion against the Spaniards
- English Admiral Thomas Escander sailed the straits
of Magellan
- Father Alonzo Sanchez of the Society of Jesus
Gomez Perez Dasmarinas appointment as a Governor
- Abolishment of the Audiencia of Manila
Chapter 5: Of the
Government of Gomes
Perez Dasmarinas
• The administration of Gomez Perez Dasmariñas (1590-1593)
- Expedition and conquest of the fort Terrenate in Moluccas
has failed because of the death of Gomez Perez Dasmariñas
- Licentiate Pedro de Rojas was appointed as acting
Governor and Captain General for 40 days
- Don Luis Dasmariñas, son of Gomez Perez, turned over the
Government
• Don Luis Dasmariñas as the Governor
- In 1594, during the incumbency of Governor Don Luis
Dasmariñas there arrived in the Philippines a large junk
- The governor fit out a fleet under Diego Belluso and Blas
Ruiz de Hernan Gonzales
- In 1596, the governor sent out his expeditionary fleet to the
kingdom of Cambodia
- Cambodian Mandarin named Anacaparan
- Arrival of Captain Gallinato at Chordemuco River
- Ruling a Country
- Events were transpiring in Cambodian and Cochin-China
- Juan de la Xara as elected Chief of the Fleet
Chapter 6: Of the
Government of don
Francisco Tello
Don Francisco Tello
• He is a Spanish governor of the Philippines from July 14, 1596
to May 1602.
• Knight of the Order of Santiago
• Native of Seville
• Treasurer of the commercial firm of the Indies.
Rizal’s Annotation:
CHIEF
 Means “young” or “small”.
 Son or brother of the princes of the Molucas.
 In Amboyna, title of the apparent heir.
Rizal annotates that the 3 islands discovered
by Admiral Alvaro are identified as Motane,
Hiwaoa, Tahuata or Tanata.
Rizal annotates that the fruit Admiral Alvaro
found in his expedition is the breadfruit tree.
Breadfruit tree
 Taste like chestnut but much
larger than six chestnut put
together.
 Species of flowering tree in the
mulberry and jackfruit family
originating in New Guinea, the
Maluku Island and the Philippines.
Rizal annotates that the island Admiral
Alvaro saw on the feast of Saint Bernard on
Sunday, August 20, 1595 is the Pukapuka
Group, Union Islands.
Admiral Alvaro found a plant
which blue-dye is made. Rizal
said that it is called Kilitis.
Island of Corregidor
Rizal said that this is the island where Don Luis
remained for several days readjusting themselves.
Rizal said that the daring attack of Mindanaos
was the 1st practical expedition made against
the Spaniards.
Chapter 7: Of the
Government of don Pedro
de Acuna
The administration of Don Pedro de Acuna, Governor and
Court Presiding Justice, and the events taking place therein,
until his death about June sixteen hundred six, after his
return from Manila to Malacca, and concluding the
conquest of the subject to the king of Terrenate.
Chapter 8: An account of
the Philippine Islands
• It gives description about the Pre-Hispanic
Filipinos or Indios
• How the natives looked like
The natives known as Visayans, otherwise called
“the tattoed ones” painted their skins, following a
pattern drawn on the skin which Rizal said is the
drawing in the skin of what to be tattoed, that is
with the same method of the Japanese use today.
Foreign trade
• Morga said the natives spun thread from
banana leaves which Rizal clarified that
Morga meant sinamay, which is from abaca
thread that comes from the trunk, not the
leaves which they sold to foreign merchants
Customs
• Rizal emphasized that the native woman never lost their
noble title. In marriage, the groom give the bride’s parents
dowry because they’re going to lose their precious daughter.
Governance
• Morga said that there are no Kings and Queens that rule over
the Indios, Rizal agreed and added there are only principal
rulers in each native tribe.
TENKYU!!

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