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    Charge Storing Tanks.: Capacitors

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    Sweta Vaish
    Capacitors are devices used to store electrical energy and release it in a controlled manner. They consist of two conductive plates separated by an insulator. Charging a capacitor requires applying work to place opposite charges on each plate, creating an electric field. The capacitance of a capacitor is defined as the ratio of the amount of charge stored to the potential difference between plates. Capacitance increases when a dielectric material is placed between the plates. Energy is stored in the electric field as potential energy and can be calculated based on the capacitance and voltage.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Charge Storing Tanks.: Capacitors

    Uploaded by

    Sweta Vaish
    19 views19 pages
    Capacitors are devices used to store electrical energy and release it in a controlled manner. They consist of two conductive plates separated by an insulator. Charging a capacitor requires applying work to place opposite charges on each plate, creating an electric field. The capacitance of a capacitor is defined as the ratio of the amount of charge stored to the potential difference between plates. Capacitance increases when a dielectric material is placed between the plates. Energy is stored in the electric field as potential energy and can be calculated based on the capacitance and voltage.

    Original Description:

    For project class 12

    Original Title

    Capacitors

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    Capacitors are devices used to store electrical energy and release it in a controlled manner. They consist of two conductive plates separated by an insulator. Charging a capacitor requires applying work to place opposite charges on each plate, creating an electric field. The capacitance of a capacitor is defined as the ratio of the amount of charge stored to the potential difference between plates. Capacitance increases when a dielectric material is placed between the plates. Energy is stored in the electric field as potential energy and can be calculated based on the capacitance and voltage.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    19 views19 pages

    Charge Storing Tanks.: Capacitors

    Uploaded by

    Sweta Vaish
    Capacitors are devices used to store electrical energy and release it in a controlled manner. They consist of two conductive plates separated by an insulator. Charging a capacitor requires applying work to place opposite charges on each plate, creating an electric field. The capacitance of a capacitor is defined as the ratio of the amount of charge stored to the potential difference between plates. Capacitance increases when a dielectric material is placed between the plates. Energy is stored in the electric field as potential energy and can be calculated based on the capacitance and voltage.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 19

    Capacitors –Charge

    Storing Tanks.
    Capacitors
    Device for storing electrical energy which can then be
    released in a controlled manner
    Consists of two conductors, carrying charges of q and –q,
    that are separated, usually by a nonconducting material - an
    insulator

    Symbol in circuits is

    It takes work, which is then stored as potential energy in the


    electric field that is set up between the two plates, to place
    charges on the conducting plates of the capacitor

    Since there is an electric field between the plates there is also a


    potential difference between the plates
    Capacitors

    We usually talk about


    capacitors in terms of
    parallel conducting
    plates

    They in fact can be


    any two conducting
    objects
    Capacitance
    The capacitance is defined to be the ratio of the
    amount of charge that is on the capacitor to the
    potential difference between the plates at this point
    Q
    C
    Vab

    1Coulomb
    Units are 1 farad 
    1Volt
    Calculating the Capacitance

    We start with the simplest form – two parallel conducting


    plates separated by vacuum

    Let the conducting plates have area A and be


    separated by a distance d

    The magnitude of the electric field  Q


    E 
    between the two plates is given by 0 0A

    We treat the field as being uniform Qd


    Vab  Ed 
    allowing us to write 0A
    Series or Parallel Capacitors
    Sometimes in order to obtain needed values of
    capacitance, capacitors are combined in either

    Series

    or

    Parallel
    Dielectrics
    Most capacitors have a nonconducting material between
    their plates

    This nonconducting material, a dielectric, accomplishes


    three things
    1) Solves mechanical problem of keeping the plates
    separated

    2) Increases the maximum potential difference allowed


    between the plates
    3) Increases the capacitance of a given capacitor over
    what it would be without the dielectric
    Energy Stored in a Capacitor
    The total work done is just the integral of this
    equation from 0 to Q

    1 Q Q2
    W 
    C 0 q dq 
    2C
    Using the relationship between capacitance, voltage and
    charge we also obtain

    Q2 1 1
    U  C V  QV
    2
    2C 2 2
    where U is the stored potential energy
    AIM OF OUR RESEARCH
    WORK
    • To Study Different Types of
    Capacitors And Their
    Properties.
    A P PA R AT U S
    • Heavy Duty Aluminum Foil .
    • Pair of Scissors
    • 3 pages of Printer Paper 8.5x11 in. (21.6x27.9 cm.)
    • Tape
    • Ruler
    • Connecting Wires.
    TYPES OF CAPACITOR
    Parallel Plate Capacitor
    • Parallel Plate Capacitors are the type of capacitors
    which that have an arrangement of electrodes and
    insulating material (dielectric).
    • The two conducting plates act as electrodes.
    • There is a dielectric between them. This acts as a
    separator for the plates.
    • The two plates of parallel plate capacitor are of
    equal dimensions.
    • They are connected to the power supply.
    Spherical Plate Capacitor

    • Basically the spherical capacitor consist of hollow


    spherical conducting plates having some radius,
    surrounded by any another sphere.

    • Positive charge is given to the inner and outer


    surface of the conductor
    Steps Of Construction:-

    Step 1: Measure and Cut the Aluminum Foil.


    Step 2: Attach the Sheets.
    Step 3: Enclose the Capacitor.
    Step 4: Set Up to Charge.
    Step 5: Charge the Capacitor.
    Step 6: Measure the Voltage and Observe.
    Observation
    With the help of Multimeter we were able to generate
    very small potential difference.
    Why did we choose this project??

    We choose this project we wanted to construct


    something useful from our day to day usage
    materials. which is neither too expensive nor too
    fancy but it’s the hard truth that Capacitor is used
    in most of the instruments that we use in our day to
    day life.
    Practical Usage

    Capacitors have many uses for hobbyists such as


    in:

    • Tesla coils
    • Coil guns
    • Radio transmitters
    • Filters
    • Fans
    • but essentially they are just used to store
    charge.
    Made By:

     Chaitanya Singh
     Aakansha
     Daksh Panwar

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