Oba 2

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Chapter

17
Indigenous Art : What are they?

 Indigenous arts are those native arts that have


grown naturally through the years in a certain
locality
 Indigenous arts include the Torogan of Muslim
Mindanao (previously discussed), bahay-kubo,
bahay bale , bahay na bato and other indigenous
house.
Indigenous Material
• The materials in indigenous arts come from
native materials or local materials that are
found in the locality.
• Some of these are:
1. Sawali =>This material comes from the
outer covering of bamboo poles.
2. Coco coir => This by-product of coconut is
used to minimize the use of cement and as
sandwich panels for iinsulation.
3. Bagasse => This is sugar cane waste used
for insulation or cement backing.
4. Abaca => This is a fiber material obtained
from the leaf stalk of a banana plant.
5. Bamboo => this indigenous material has low
degree of elasticity, low-concrete adhesion,
but wide variable moisture content.
6. Palm frond stems => This material is often
used for non-structural panel, walls, screens,
and bases house despite being widely used,
it is susceptible to termites and have to be
replaced every 4 to 5 years.
7. Mud bricks => This material is brittle, has less
strength, and cannot stand up well to tension.

• Indigenous materials are widely used in architecture


such as in the construction of bahay-kubo, bahay
bale, bahay na bato, and other indigenous
architecture structure.
Bahay-kubo

• Bahay-kubo is cultural icon, a cultural heritage


and as a symbol of togetherness.
• The Filipino translation of bahay-kubo is
“nipa hut”
• The typical nipa hut has no partition for rooms
so as to accommodate the entire family.
• This typical hut symbolizes the typical Filipino
family as a closed knit family.
Bahay na
Bato

• In the Pilipino language , it is literally known as


“house of stone” or better still, “ stone house”. This is
the type of a dwelling unit that existed during the
Spanish time in the Philippines.
• During the Spanish times, stone are found anywhere.
• This type of indigenous house uses a Chinese
tiled roof or sometimes nipa or cogon roof but
today, these roofings are being replaced by styled
galvanized irons with various shapes and design.
• The bahay na bato in Batanes is not a symbol for
wealth. It was constructed to protect the family
from the ravage of a disaster such as a storm and
typhoons.
Ifugao Bale
( or Native House)

• This type of indigenous house is sometimes referred


to as “No-Nail House” because it was constructed
without the use of nails.
• According to Otley Beyer, a renowned
anthropologist, the Bale is the “first prefabricated
house in the world” because it can be relocated
without destroying any part of it.
• The Ifugaos observe the “ngilin” which is a pagan
ritual, and during the construction of this house, the
munhabats abstain from sex right before they start
building the Bale.
Other Indigenous Houses:
The Mountain Houses
 In the masteral study of Rodrigo D Perez on the
“Folk Architecture” he pointed out that Willy Henry
Scott classifies the Cordillera house in Northern
and Southern strains”
 The northern strain is exemplified in the Isneg and
Lower kalinga house,
 Southern in the Ifugao, Ibaloi, kankanai and
bontoc houses.
 The interior design of both northern and southern
strain houses appers as an attempt, conscious or
otherwise, to visually expand the one-room space
by means of level and defined section.
end

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