Handicapped Workers: Definition of Terms

Handicapped Workers
Definition of Terms
For purposes of this Act, these terms
are defined as follows:
• a). Disabled Persons
are those suffering from restriction of different
abilities, as a result of a mental, physical or
sensory impairment, to perform an activity in
the manner or within the range considered
normal for a human being;
DSWD
• b). Impairment
is any loss, diminution or aberration of
psychological, physiological, or anatomical
structure of function;
• c). Disability shall mean:
• 1) a physical or mental impairment that
substantially limits one or more psychological,
physiological or anatomical function of an
individual or activities of such individual;
• 2) a record of such an impairment; or
• 3) being regarded as having such an

impairment
• d). Handicap
• refers to a disadvantage for a given individual
resulting from an impairment or a disability,
that limits or prevents the functions or
activity, that is considered normal given the
age and sex of the individual;
• e). Rehabilitation
• is an integrated approach to physical, social,
cultural, spiritual, educational and vocational
measures that create conditions for the
individual to attain the highest possible level
of functional ability;
• f). Social Barriers
• refer to the characteristics of institutions,
whether legal, economic, cultural, recreational
or other, any human group, community, or
society which limit the fullest possible
participation of disabled persons in the life of
the group. Social barriers include negative
attitudes which tends to single out and
exclude disabled persons and which distort
roles and interpersonal relationship;
• g). Auxiliary Aids and Services include:
• 1) qualified interpreters or other effective methods of
delivering materials to individuals with hearing
impairments;
• 2) qualified readers, taped tests, or other effective

methods of delivering materials to individuals with visual
impairments;
• 3) acquisition or modification of equipment or devices;

and
• 4) other similar services and actions or all types of aids

and services that facilitate the learning process of people
with mental disability;
• h). Reasonable Accommodation include
• (1) improvement of existing facilities used by
employees in order to render these readily
accessible to and usable by disabled persons; and
• (2) modification of work schedules, reassignment

to a vacant position, acquisition or modification
of equipment or devices, appropriate
adjustments or modifications of examinations,
training materials or company policies, rules and
regulations, the provisions of auxiliary aids and
services, and other similar accommodations for
disabled persons;
• i). Sheltered Employment
• refers to the provision of productive work for
disabled persons through workshop providing
special facilities, income producing projects or
homework schemes with a view to given them
the opportunity to earn a living thus enabling
them to acquire a working capacity required in
open industry.
• Auxiliary Social Services
• are the supportive activities in the delivery of
social services to the marginalized sectors of
society;
• k). Marginalized Disabled Persons

• refer to disabled persons who lack access to
rehabilitative services and opportunities to be
able to participate fully in socioeconomic
activities and who have no means of livelihood or
whose incomes fall below poverty threshold;
• l). Qualified Individual with a Disability
• shall mean an individual with a disability who,
with or without reasonable accommodations, can
perform the essential functions of the
employment position that such individual holds
or desires. However, consideration shall be given
to the employer’s judgement as to what functions
of a job are essential, and if an employer has
prepared a written description before advertising
or interviewing applicants for the job, this
description shall be considered evidence of the
essential functions of the job;
• m). Readily Achievable
• means a goal can be easily attained and carried
out without much difficulty or expense. In
determining whether an action is readily
achievable, factors to be considered include
• 1) the nature and cost of the action;
• 2) the overall financial resources of the facility or

facilities involved in the action; the number of
persons employed at such facility; the effect on
expenses and
• resources, or the impact otherwise of such action upon
the operation of the facility;
• 3) the overall financial resources of the covered entity

with respect to the number of its employees; the
number, type and location of its facilities; and
• 4) the type of operation or operations of the covered

entity, including the composition, structure and
functions of the work force of such entity; the
geographic separateness, administrative or fiscal
relationship of the facilities in question to the covered
entity;
• n). Public Transportation
• means transportation by air, land and sea that
provides the public with general or special
service on a regular and continuing basis;
• o). Covered entity

• means employer, employment agency, labor
organization or joint labor-management
committee; and
• p). Commerce
• shall be taken to mean a s travel, trade, traffic,
commerce, transportation, or communication
among the provinces or between any foreign
country or any territory or possession and any
province.
Wage Rate
• Under Art. 80 the rate of pay of the handicapped
worker which shall not be less than seventy-five
percent (75%) of the legal minimum wage.
• However, under Magna Carta for Disabled
Persons, it provides that persons with disability
are entitled to equal opportunity for employment
and resultantly, they are subject to the same
terms and conditions of employment and the
same compensation, privileges, benefits, fringe
benefits, incentives or allowances as a qualified
able-bodies person.
• All Qualified disabled workers shall receive the
full amount of the minimum wage rate
pursuant to R.A 7277
Liabilities
• R.A 7277
SECTION 46. Penal Clause (a) Any
person who violates any provision of this Act
shall suffer the following penalties:
1). for the first violation, a fine of not less than Fifty
thousand pesos (P 50,000.00) but not exceeding
One hundred thousand pesos(P 100,000.00) or
imprisonment of not less than six (6) months but
not more than two (2) years, or both at the
discretion of the court; and
2). for any subsequent violation, a fine of not
less than One hundred thousand pesos (P
100,000.00) but not exceeding Two hundred
thousand pesos (P 200,000.00) or imprisonment
for less than two (2) years but not more than six
(6) years, or both at the discretion of the court.
(b). Any person who abuses the privileges
granted herein shall be punished with
imprisonment of not less than six (6)
months or a fine of not less than Five
thousand pesos (P 5,000.00) but not more
than Fifty thousand pesos (P 50,000.00), or
both, at the discretion of the court.
(c). If the violator is a corporation,

organization or any similar entity, the
officials thereof directly involved shall be
liable therefor.
(d). If the violator is an alien or a foreigner, he shall
be deported immediately after service of sentence
without further deportation proceedings.

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Handicapped Workers

• 2) a record of such an impairment; or

• 3) being regarded as having such an

• 2) qualified readers, taped tests, or other effective

• 3) acquisition or modification of equipment or devices;

• 4) other similar services and actions or all types of aids

• (2) modification of work schedules, reassignment

• k). Marginalized Disabled Persons

• 1) the nature and cost of the action;

• 2) the overall financial resources of the facility or

• 3) the overall financial resources of the covered entity

• 4) the type of operation or operations of the covered

• o). Covered entity

(c). If the violator is a corporation,

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